Upload
noreenmyanmar
View
226
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
1/19
Lecture Week 1- Chapter 4
DENTAL ANANTOMY
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
2/19
Anatomic Parts of The Tooth
Crown: (anatomic) the portion covered with enamel(fig. 4-2, pg. 48)
Clinical Crown: portion of the tooth that is visible in
the mouth, length varies during the life cycle,
depends on the level of the gingiva
Root: portion ofthe tooth that is normally
embedded in the alveolar process, covered with
cementum. Some teeth may have 1,2,3 roots
Bifurcation: division into 2 roots
Trifurcation: division into 3 roots
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
3/19
Anatomic Parts of The Tooth
Apex: tapered end of the root
Apical: anything located at the apex
Periapical: anything surrounding the apex
Cervix: narrow area of the tooth, where thecrown and tooth meet
Cementoenamel Junction: formed by the
enamel of the crown and the cementum of the
root, aka- cervical line or CEJ
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
4/19
Tissues of the Tooth
Enamel: makes up the anatomic crown of thetooth, hardest material ofthe body, provides the
protective covering for the dentin, strong surface
for chewing, tearing, grinding. Composed ofa
million enamel prisms called enamel rods,extend from the surface of the tooth to the
dentinoenamel junction.
Dentin: main portion of the tooth, extends the
entire length of the tooth, covered by enamel onthe crown and cementum on the root
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
5/19
Tissues of The Tooth
Dentin is a mineralized tissue, harder than bone, but notas hard as enamel, very porous tissue make-up ofmicroscopic canals called dentinal tubules, theseextend to the exterior surface, each dentinal tubulescontain a dentinal fiber, this transmits pain to the pulp.
Pulp: inner aspect ofthe dentin forms the boundaries of
the pulp chamber(fig. 4-3, pg. 49). At the time oferuption the pulp chamber is large, with time and thedeposit ofdentin it becomes smaller.
Coronal Pulp: pulp that lies with in the crown portion ofthe tooth
Pulp horns: extensions ofthe pulp into the dentin area
Radicular or Root Pulp: portion ofthe pulp that islocated more apically (fig. 4-3, pg. 49)
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
6/19
Structures of The Pulp
Pulp is made ofblood vessels and nerves that enter the pulpchamber through the apical foramen. Blood supply is fromthe dental arteries and the periodontal ligament.
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
7/19
Tissues of The Tooth Cementum: protects the root ofthe tooth is not as hard, as
enamel/dentin, covered by bone and gingival tissue
Periodontium: supports the teeth in the alveolar bone,consists ofcementum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments.It also protects and nourishes the teeth
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
8/19
Tissues of The Tooth
Periodontal Ligament: dense connectivetissue, organized into fibers that connect the
cementum covering the root of the tooth to the
alveolar bone of the socket wall. As we age the
width of these fibers decrease.
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
9/19
Review of The Tooth
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
10/19
Dental Arches Mandibular Arch: capable ofmovement through the action
ofthe temporomandibular joint, aka- lower jaw Maxillary Arch: actually part ofthe skull, is fixed not capable
ofmovement, aka- upper jaw
Each arch is divided into halfresulting in 4 quadrants of themouth, maxillary right, maxillary left, mandibular right and
mandibular left. Each quadrant ofpermanent teeth contain 8teeth, primary dentition-5 teeth
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
11/19
Dental Arches
The arch can also be divided into
Sextants, there are three sextants in each
arch. Maxillary Right/Left Posterior
Maxillary Anterior
Mandibular Right/Left Posterior
Mandibular Anterior
See 4-7 page 53
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
12/19
Anterior Teeth
Anterior: means toward the front, includes the
incisors, canines and are visible when you smile.
These teeth are aligned in a curve
Teeth 6-11on the upper
Teeth 22-27
on the lower
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
13/19
Posterior Teeth
Posterior: toward the back, includes thepre-molars, and molars
Teeth 1-5, 16-12
on the upper are
posterior
Teeth 28-32, 21-17 on the lower
are posterior
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
14/19
Surfaces of The Teeth
Occlusal: posterior teeth only, top ofthe
tooth
Facial: anterior teeth, closest to the lips
Lingual: closet to the tongue
Mesial: closet to the midline
Distal: away from the midline
Incisal: on anterior, the edge
Buccal: Posterior, close to the cheek
Table 4-2, pg 51
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
15/19
Surfaces Overview
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
16/19
Primary Dentition
Made up of20 teeth, also know as deciduous,as the adult teeth form, the root ofthe primaryteeth is resorbed. Table 4-3, pg. 55
A
B
C
DE
F
G
I
J
H
K
L
M
OP
NQ
R
S
T
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
17/19
Permanent Dentition Permanent begins when the last primary is shed,
around 12 years ofage. 32 teeth in all erupt attimes
Upper Arch 1-16
Lower Arch 17-32
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
18/19
Universal Number System
Approved by the ADA
Permanent teeth are numbered 1-32
Primary teeth are lettered A-T Table 4-4 pg. 56, 57
Palmer Notation: four quadrants divided by
a vertical line and horizontal line, 8 teeth ineach section
8/9/2019 Dental Anatomy Impt
19/19
Tooth Numbering Review
Permanent Dentition(Adult Teeth)