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Radical Tools• Available in the labs• I’ve also posted a link so you can install on
your machine – not for commercial use• Excel Add-in
– Includes• Zip code look up• Zip code to City, State• 3-digit zip to Zip• Road distance between Zips• Find the closest point in a set of Zips• Find the cheapest (in terms of LTL rates) point• Rate LTL shipments• Rate Parcel shipments
Intro To GIS
• Useful Tool: GIS
• Geographic Information System– Links databases and maps– Useful for addressing questions like:
• Where should we …?
• How far away are…?
• How are …. distributed?
GIS
• Spatial data– Location – Stored in a shape file, geodatabase, …
• Attribute data– Associated characteristics– Stored in DB
• GIS systems typically maintain these separately and “join” them for display or analysis
Geographic Data
• Raster model– Area covered by a grid of square cells– Image data is a Raster model, cells = pixels
• Vector model – Features represented as
• Points or nodes
• Lines or arcs
• Areas or polygons
Geographic Data
• Key Properties of Geo Data– Projection: The method of translating locations on
the 3-D earth to (X,Y) coordinates on a map or screen
– Scale: The ratio between distance on a map to the equivalent distance on earth
– Accuracy• Positional: Is it in the right place?
• Consistency: Is it correctly categorized?
• Completeness: Is it all there?
– Resolution: e.g., pixel size
Layers
• Different geo data maintained in different data layers with common location information,
Raster Layer: Digital Ortho photo: combines the visual properties of a photograph with the positional accuracy of a map, in computer readable form.
Vector Layer:Lines defining the street network
Vector Layer:Polygons describing land parcels
Smart MapDifferent layers linked by common locations
Software Tools
• ESRI – ArcView, ArcGIS and others
• MapInfo – MapInfo and others
• MS – MapPoint (Tutorial, etc)
• Many others
Geocoding
• Geocoding: – Placing data with location information on the map
• LatLong
• Street Address
• Examples: – Geocode Stores by ZIP (OurCompany.xls)
– Geocode Census Data by ZIP (US Census , Data.gov and private vendors sell demographic data)
Bank Failures
Thematic Maps
• Thematic Maps: – Display the attributes of geographic data
• Examples: – Population
• Sized Circles
• Shaded Regions
– Median Household Income• Shaded Regions
Geographic Queries
• SQL-type query based on geographic information: – Eg. Average household income within 20
miles of Store # 1
• MapPoint is quite poor at this• The 2011 version can do crude selections• Example:
– Household income within 20 miles of Store #1
Distance Calculations
• As the crow flies– Using the Measure Distance Tool
• Over the road– Using the Route Tool
• Add Store #2 as Start• Add Store #1 as End• Get Directions• Over the road distance• Can adjust route options for speeds, hours of
driving, rest stops, …
Territories
• Given fixed centers develop territories based on proximity to those centers
• MapPoint is very poor at this– Either you import them or you build them
by hand…– Other (more expensive) packages do this
automatically