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Plastics Design Library Appendix A: Conversion Factors and Equivalents

Appendix A: Conversion Factors and Equivalents

Temperature Inches to Millimeters Ounces to GramsPounds to

Kilograms

F = (C 9/5) + 32

C = (F -32) 5/9

in = mm 0.03937

mm = in 25.4

oz = gm 0.0352739

gm = oz 28.349527

lbs = kg 2.205

kg = lbs 0.454

F C in mm oz grams lbs kg

-0.4 -181/64 0.3969 1 28.35 1 0.454

+14 -101/32 0.794 2 56.7 3 1.36

23 -5 1/16 1.5875 3 85.05 5 2.3

26.6 -31/8 3.175 4 113.4 7 3.18

28.4 -21/4 6.35 5 141.75 9 4.08

30.2 -11/2 12.7 6 170.1 20 9.07

32.0 03/4 19.05 7 198.45 40 18.14

33.8 +1 1 25.4 8 226.8 60 27.21

35.6 2 2 50.8 9 255.15 80 36.28

37.4 3 3 76.2 10 283.5

41.0 5 4 101.6 16 453.6

50.0 10 5 127.0 32 907.18

68.0 20

86.0 30Conversion Factors

122.0 50 From To Multiply by

212.0 100 lbs/ft2

kg/m2

4.88241

257.0 125 lbs/in2

(psi) kg/cm2

0.070307

302.0 150 gallons (gal) liters (l) 3.78533

347.0 175 gal/min l/sec 0.063088

392.0 200 miles km 1.609

437.0 225 Metric Units

482.0 250 milli meters deka

527.0 275 centi liters grams

572.0 300 deci kilo hecto

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Plastics Design Library Appendix B: Abbreviations and Acronyms

Appendix B: Abbreviations, Acronyms,and Material Names

B.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms

Table B.1. Abbreviations and Acronyms Listed Alphabetically with Commonly Used Names

Abbreviations Names

AA Acetic Aldehyde

ABAAcrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate

ABSAcrylonitrile-butadiene-

styrene

AC Acetate

ACM Acrylate rubber

ACPESAcrylonitrile-chlorinatedpolyethylene-styrene

ADC Allyl diglycol carbonate

AEC Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene

AGE Allylglycidylether

AMMAAcrylonitrile-methyl-methacrylate

AMS Alpha methyl styrene

AN Acrylonitrile

APETAmorphous polyethylene

terephthalate

ASA Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile

ASTMAmerican Society for TestingMaterials

AZ Azodicarbonamide

BA Butyl acrylate

BBP Benzyl butyl phthalate

BO Biaxially oriented

BOPP Bioriented polypropylene

BR Butadiene rubber

BS Butadiene styrene

Buna Polybutadiene

CA Cellulose acetate

CAA Computer-aided analysis

CAB Cellulose acetate butyrate

CAD Computer-aided design

Abbreviations Names

CAE Computer-aided engineering

CAN Cellulose acetate nitrate

CAP Cellulose acetate propionate

CF Cresol-formaldehyde

CFC Chlorofluorocarbon

CM Chloro-polyethyleneCMC Carboxymethyl cellulose

CN Cellulose nitrate (celluloid)

COPE Copolyester elastomer

CP Cellulose propionate

CPE Chlorinated polyethylene

CPETCrystalline polyethyleneterephthalate

CPVCChlorinated polyvinyl

chloride

CRChloroprene rubber or

neoprene rubber

CS Casein

CSPEChlorosulfonated

polyethylene

CTA Cellulose triacetate

CTECoefficient of thermalexpansion

CTFE ChlorotrifluoroethyleneDAC Diallyl chlorendate

DAF Diallyl fumarate

DAIP Diallyl isophthalate

DAM Diallyl maleate

DAMP Diallyl metaphthalate

DAOP Diallyl orthophthalate

DAP Diallyl phthalate

DEP Diethyl phthalate

(Contd.)

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Appendix B: Abbreviations and Acronyms Plastics Design Library

224

Abbreviations Names

DSCDifferential scanningcalorimetry

EA Ethyl acrylate

EBA Ethylene butyl acrylate

EC Ethyl cellulose

ECO Epichlorhydrin rubber

ECTFEEthylenechlorotrifluoro-ethylene

EEA Ethylene ethyl acrylate

EMA Ethylene-methyl acrylate

EMACEthylene-methyl acrylate

copolymer

EPDMEthylene-propylene-dieneterpolymer

EPR Ethylene-propylene rubber

EPSExpandable (or expanded)polystyrene

EPTEthylene-propylene

terpolymer

ETFE Ethylenetetrafluoroethylene

EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate

EVAL Ethylene-vinyl alcohol

EVE Ethylene-vinyl ether

FC Fluorocarbon

FEA Finite element analysis

FEPFluoronated ethylenepropylene

FF Furan-formaldehyde

FPVC Flexible polyvinyl chloride

GMTP Glass mat reinforcedthermoplastic

GPPS General purpose polystyrene

GR-1 Butyl rubber

GR-N Nitrile rubber

GRP Glass reinforced plastic

GR-S Styrene butadiene rubber

HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon

HDPE High density polyethylene

Abbreviations Names

HIPS High impact polystyrene

HMW High molecular weight

HMW-HDPE High molecular-weight, high-density polyethylene

H-NBR Hydrogenated nitrile rubber

HPT Holding-pressure time

IIRButyl rubber (isoprene

rubber)

IM Injection molding

IR Isoprene rubber (synthetic)

LCM Liquid composite molding

LCP Liquid crystal polymerLIM Liquid injection molding

LLDPELinear low densitypolyethylene

LMCLow pressure moldingcompound or low molecular

weight

LPE Linear polyethylene

LPIMLow pressure injection

molding

LSR Liquid silicone rubber

LWP Lost wax process

MA Maleic anhydride

MABS Methylmethacrylate ABS

MAN Methyl acrylonitrile

MBSMethacrylate-butadiene-

styrene

MC Methyl cellulose

MCO Moldability and costoptimization

MDA Methylene dianiline

MDPE Medium density polyethylene

MEK Methyl ethyl ketone (solvent)

MEKP Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide

MF Melamine formaldehyde

MI Melt index

Table B.1. (Contd.)

(Contd.)

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225

Abbreviations Names

MIM Metal injection molding

MMA Methyl methacrylate

MMW Medium molecular weightMPDA M-phenylene diamine

MPFMelamine phenolformaldehyde

MPPO Modified PPO

MQ Dimethylsilicone elastomer

NBRNitrile butadiene rubber,nitrile rubber, or GR-1

NC Nitrocellulose

NCR Acrylonitrile chloroprenenitrate

NIR Acrylonitrile isoprene rubber

NR Natural rubber (polyisoprene)

NSR Nitrile-silicone rubber

OPP Oriented polypropylene

OPR Propylene oxide rubber

OPS Oriented polystyrene

OSA

Olefin-modified styrene-

acrylonitrile

P Phenyl

PA Polyamide (nylon)

PAA Polyacrylic acid

PAE Polyarylether

PAEK Polyaryletherketone

PAHPolycyclic aromatichydrocarbon

PAI Polyamide-imide

PAK Polyester alkyd

PAMS Polyalpha-methylstyrene

PAN Polyacrylonitrile

PAR Polyarylate

PAS Polyarylsulfone

PB Polybutylene

PBAN Polybutadiene-acrylonitrile

PBI Polybenzimidazole

Abbreviations Names

PBRPolybutadiene-vinylpyridene

PBS Polybutadiene-styrene

PBT Polybutadiene-terephthalate

PBZ Polybenzobisoxazole

PC Polycarbonate

PCA Polycarbonate-acrylic

PCDP Polydicyclopentadiene

PC/PBTPolycarbonate/polybutyleneterephthalate

PCTPolycyclohexylene

dimethylene-terephthalatePCTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylene

PE Polyethylene

PEA Poly(ethyl acrylate)

PEBA Polyether block amide

PECPolyphenylene ethercopolymer

PEEK Polyetheretherketone

PEI Polyetherimide

PEK Polyetherketone

PEKEKKPolyetherketoneether-

ketoneketone

PEKK Polyetherketoneketone

PEN Polyethylene naphthalate

PEO Polyethylene oxide

PEP Polyethylene polymer

PEPA Polyether-polyamide

PES Polyethersulfone

PET Polyethylene-terephthalate

PETGPolyethylene-terephthalateglycol

PFPhenol formaldehyde(phenolic)

PFA Perfluoroalkoxy

PFF Phenol furfural

PI Polyimide or isoprene rubber

PIB Polyisobutylene

Table B.1. (Contd.)

(Contd.)

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226

Abbreviations Names

PIR Polyisocyanurate

PMA Polymethyl acrylate

PMCA Polymethyl-n-chloroacrylatePMI Polymethacrylimide

PMMAPolymethyl methacrylate(acrylic or plexiglass)

PMP Polymethyl pentene

PMQ Phenylsilicone elastomer

PMS Paramethyl styrene

PO Polyolefin

POM Polyoxymethylene (acetal)

POP Polyoxypropylene

PP Polypropylene

PPA Polyphthalamide

PPE Polyphenylene ether

PPE/PPOPolyphenylene ether /polyphenylene oxide

PPMS Polypara-methylstyrene

PPO Polyphenylene oxide

PPOX Polypropylene oxide

PPS Polyphenylene sulfide

PPSS Polyphenylene sulfide sulfone

PPSU Polyphenylene sulfone

PPT Polypropylene-terephthalate

PS Polystyrene

PSBPolystyrene butadiene rubber(GR-S, SBR)

PSU Polysulfone

PTFE PolytetrafluoroethylenePTMG Polytetramethylene glycol

PUR Polyurethane

PVAC Polyvinyl acetate

PVAL Polyvinyl alcohol

PVB Polyvinyl butyral

PVCA Polyvinyl chloride acetate

PVC Polyvinyl chloride

PVDC Polyvinylidene chloride

Abbreviations Names

PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride

PVDM Polyvinyl fluoride

PVFM Polyvinyl formalPVIE Polyvinyl isobutyl ether

PVK Polyvinyl carbozole

PVP Polyvinyl pyrrolidone

PVT Pressure-volume-temperature

RIM Reaction injection molding

RMPS Rubber modified polystyrene

RP Reinforced plastic

RPBT Reinforced PBT

RPVC Rigid PVC

SAN Styrene-acrylonitrile

SB Styrene-butadiene

SBR Styrene-butadiene rubber

SBS Styrene-butadiene-styrene

SCR Styrene chloroprene rubber

S-EPDM Sulfonated-EPDM

SFT Screw-forward time

SIR Silicone isoprene rubber

SIS Styrene-isoprene-styrene

SLA Stereolithography

SMA Styrene maleic anhydride

S/MMA Styrene/methyl methacrylate

SMS Styrene methylstyrene

SPE Society of Plastics Engineers

SPISociety of the PlasticsIndustry

SR Polysulfide rubber

SR Synthetic rubber

SRP Styrene-rubber plastic

STLFile format used forstereolithography models

TAC Triallyl cyanurate

TCE Trichloroethylene

TFE Tetrafluoroethylene

TPA Terephthalic acid

Table B.1. (Contd.)

(Contd.)

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Abbreviations Names

TPI Thermoplastic polyimide

TPO Thermoplastic polyolefin

TPP Triphenyl phosphateTPS Toughened polystyrene

TPUThermoplasticpolyurethane

TPV Thermoplastic vulcanizate

TPX Polymethylpentene

TSSCToluenesulfonylsemicarbazide

UF Urea formaldehyde

UHMWPE Ultra high molecular weightpolyethylene

ULDPEUltra low densitypolyethylene

UP Unsaturated polyester

UPVC Unplasticized PVC

UR Urethane

Table B.1. (Contd.)

Abbreviations Names

V Vinyl

VA Vinyl acetate

VAE Vinyl acetate ethyleneVC/E Vinyl chloride/ethylene

VCM Vinyl chloride monomer

VC/MA Vinyl chloride/methylacrylate

VD Vinylidene

VDC Vinylidene chloride

VLDPEVery low densitypolyethylene

VMQ Vinylsilicone elastomer

VP Virgin plastic

VPE Vulcanized polyethylene

VT Vinyl toluene

XLPE Cross linked polyethylene

XMCExtra high strength molding

compound

XPS Expandable polystyrene

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228

(Contd.)

B.2 Material Names

Although standards and recommendations exist for polymer abbreviations and names, they are widely disre-

garded. Names in particular are subject to considerable variation. For example, you may see polymethylmethacrylate

rendered as polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl-methacrylate, poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(methyl methacry-

late), poly(methyl-methacrylate). Table B.2.1 offers the most commonly-used forms regardless of standard, and

provide alternatives only where these are more than variants in orthography.

Table B.2. Amorphous and Semicrystalline Thermoplastics Listed by Polymer Name

Common Name Abbreviation Alternative Name(s) Form

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ABS Amorphous

Acrylonitrile ChlorinatedPolyethylene Styrene

ACS Acrylonitrile Styrene ChlorinatedPolyethylene

Amorphous

Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate ASA Acrylate Styrene Acrylonitrile,

Polyacrylic Styrene Acrylonitrile

Amorphous

Cellulose Acetate CA Cellulose Diacetate, CelluloseEthanoate

Amorphous

Cellulose Acetate Butyrate CAB Cellulose Acetobutyrate,Cellulose Ethanoate Butanoate

Amorphous

Cellulose Acetate Propionate CAP Cellulose Acetopropionate,

Cellulose Propionate, CellulosePropanoate

Amorphous

Cellulose Nitrate CN Amorphous

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride CPVC Amorphous

Chlorortrifluoroethylene CTFE Semicrystalline

Cyclic Olefin Copolymer COC Cyclic Olefinic Copolymer Amorphous

Ethyl Cellulose EC Amorphous

Ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE Semicrystalline

Ethylene Ethyl Acrylate EEA Semicrystalline

Ethylene Propylene Copolymer EPM Semicrystalline

Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene ETFE Polyethylene Tetrafluoroethylene Semicrystalline

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate EVA Semicrystalline

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer EVAC Semicrystalline

Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol EVAL Semicrystalline

Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol EVOH Semicrystalline

Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene FEP Perfluoroethylene Propylene Semicrystalline

Ionomer ION Semicrystalline

Perfluoroalkoxyethylene PFA Perfluoroalkoxyalkane Semicrystalline

Polyacrylonitrile PAN Semicrystalline

Polyamide PA Nylon Semicrystalline

Polyamide Imide PAI Amorphous

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229

(Contd.)

Table B.2. (Contd.)


Polyamide/ABS PA/ABS Nylon/ABS Amorphous

Polyarylamide PARA Semicrystalline

Polyarylate PAR AmorphousPolyaryletherketone PAEK Polyarylether Semicrystalline

Polyarylsulfone PAS Amorphous

Polyarylsulfone PASU Amorphous

Polybutylene PB Semicrystalline

Polybutylene Terephthalate PBT Semicrystalline

Polycarbonate PC Amorphous

Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile

Butadiene Styrene

PC/ABS Amorphous

Polycarbonate/PolybutyleneTerephthalate

PC/PBT Amorphous

Polychlorortrifluoroethylene PCTFE Semicrystalline

PolycyclohexylenedimethyleneTerephthalate Glycol-modfied

PCTG Semicrystalline

Polyetheretherketone PEEK Semicrystalline

Polyetherimide PEI Amorphous

Polyetherketone PEK Semicrystalline

Polyetherketoneketone PEKK Semicrystalline

Polyethersulfone PESU Amorphous

Polyethersulfone PES Amorphous

Polyethylene PE Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Cross-linked XLPE Cross-linked Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Cross-linked PEX Cross-linked Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene High Density HDPE High Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene High Density PE-HD High Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Linear Low Density PE-LLD Linear Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Linear Low Density LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene SemicrystallinePolyethylene Linear Medium Density LMDPE Linear Medium Density

PolyethyleneSemicrystalline

Polyethylene Low Density LDPE Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Low Density PE-LD Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Medium Density PE-MD Medium Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Medium Density MDPE Medium Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Oxide PEO Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Oxide PEOX Semicrystalline

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Table B.2. (Contd.)

(Contd.)


Polyethylene Terephthalate PET Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-

modified

PETG Amorphous

Polyethylene Ultra High MolecularWeight

PE-UHMW Ultra High Molecular WeightPolyethylene

Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Ultra High Molecular

Weight

UHMWPE Ultra High Molecular Weight

Polyethylene

Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Ultra Low Density ULDPE Ultra Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polymethylmethacrylate PMMA Amorphous

Polymethylpentene PMP TPX Semicrystalline

Polyoxymethylene POM Acetal, Polyacetal,Polyformaldehyde

Semicrystalline

Polyphenylene Ether PPE Amorphous

Polyphenylene Oxide PPO Amorphous

Polyphenylene Oxide/Polyamide PPO/PA Polyphenylene Oxide/Nylon Semicrystalline

Polyphenylene Sulfide PPS Semicrystalline

Polyphenylsulfone PPSU Amorphous

Polypropylene PP Semicrystalline

Polystyrene PS Amorphous

Polystyrene High Impact HIPS High Impact Polystyrene Amorphous

Polystyrene Syndiotactic SPS Syndiotactic Polystyrene Semicrystalline

Polysulfone PSUL Amorphous

Polysulfone PSU Amorphous

Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE Semicrystalline

Polyurethene Linear PUR Thermoplastic Polyurethane Semicrystalline

Polyvinyl Alcohol PVAL Semicrystalline

Polyvinyl Alcohol PVOH Semicrystalline

Polyvinyl Chloride PVC Amorphous

Polyvinyl Chloride Chlorinated PVC-C Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride AmorphousPolyvinyl Chloride Plasticized PPVC Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous

Polyvinyl Chloride Plasticized PVC-P Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous

Polyvinyl Chloride Unplasticized PVCU Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous

Polyvinyl Chloride Unplasticized PVC-U Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous

Polyvinyl Chloride Unplasticized UPVC Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous

Polyvinyl Fluoride PVF Semicrystalline

Polyvinylidene Chloride PVDC Semicrystalline

Polyvinylidene Fluoride PVDF Semicrystalline

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Table B.2 (Contd.)


Styrene Acrylonitrile AS Amorphous

Styrene Acrylonitrile SAN Amorphous

Styrene Butadiene SB AmorphousStyrene Maleic Anhydride SMA Amorphous

Styrene Methylmethacrylate SMMA Amorphous

TrimethylhexamethyleneTerephthalamaide

TMDT Polyamide Aromatic Transparent Amorphous

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