06 - Bts Ovr Ran Sys _mod_new040303

1 © NOKIA WCDMA BTS Overview / BTS PCT/Version 2.0

NOKIA WCDMABTS

OVERVIEW


Nokia WCDMA Base Station Family 1/2Nokia UltraSite

WCDMA BTS Optima Compact

Outdoor

Nokia UltraSiteWCDMA BTS Supreme

Indoor Outdoor

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS Optima

Indoor

NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BTS OPTIMA INDOOR

NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BTS OPTIMA COMPACT OUTDOOR

NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BTS SUPREME INDOOR

NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BTS SUPREME OUTDOOR(Available in RN2.0)

Data Sheet:

Output power/carrier in antenna connector:UltraSite WCDMA BTS (SUPREME & OPTIMA)-10/20/40 W

UltraSite EDGE BTS (TRIPLEMODE), MetroSite - 5/2 W

Uplink Diversity

• 2-port standard

• SRC (Smart Radio Concept)-4 Port option (Supreme & Optima)

Downlink Diversity

•2-port /SRC option (Supreme & Optima)


Nokia WCDMA Base Station Family 2/2Triple mode

Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS

Indoor Outdoor

Nokia MetroSiteWCDMA BTS

TRIPLE MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE EDGE BTS INDOOR (not support US-WCDMA)

TRIPLE MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE EDGE BTS OUTDOOR (not support US-WCDMA)

NOKIA METROSITE WCDMA BTS.

Data Sheet :

Environmental Conditions

Indoor

•-5.. +50 ºC

•Compliant to ETS 300 019-1-3 Class 3.2 (Operational)

•IP 20

•Earthquake: ETSI 300019, 1-3//1-4

Outdoor

•-33 .. +50 ºC

•Compliant to ETS 300 019-1-3 Class 3.2 (Operational)

•IP 55

•Earthquake: ETSI 300019, 1-3//1-4

EMC Compliant

•European EMC directive 89/336/EEC

Safety

•IEC-950,UL1959,EN6950


Spectrum Allocations

Uplink Uplink Downlink Downlink

SATELLITE FDDTDDFDDTDD SATELLITE

Duplex 190 MHz

Frequency MHz22002025201019801920 21702110

60MHz 60MHz

3G(WCDMA) 2GHz frequency band for Europe and APAC

Uplink Downlink

FDDFDD

Duplex 80 MHz

Frequency MHz19101850 19901930

60MHz 60MHz

3G(WCDMA 1900) for U.S

5 ©NOKIA WCDMA BTS Overview / BTS PCT /

Fully compliant to 3GPP Air Interface Specifications

Transmission band: 2110 – 2170 MHz, 1930-1990MHz(US-WCDMA)

Reception band: 1920 – 1980 MHz, 1850-1910MHz(US-WCDMA)

Channel Bandwidth: 5 MHz


Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTSSUPREME -Indoor

•Configurations Ran 1.5 (20W)

• max. 2 carriers in one sector

• 1+1+1/2+2+2/1+1+1+1+1+1 sectored

•Configurations Ran 2.0 (10W&20W)

• max. 4 carrier per sector

• 4+4+4/2+2+2+2+2+2 sectored

•Code channel capacity

• max. 576 ch/cabinet Ran 1.5


•other features

• Smart Radio Concept Option

• AC or DC feed

In one sector we cannot fit more than 4 carriers because of a limit in WPA (WCDMA Power Amplifier).

This BTS contains a maximum of 18 WSP cards (WCDMA Signal Processor),

Each of them is able to handle 32 codes simultaneously in Ran 1.5 and

64 in Ran 2.0

Smart Radio Concept(UL or DL) is optional and consist in 4 Up-Link branch and up to 2 Down-Link branch for each sector in Ran2.0

•1800 x 600 x 600 mm (H x W x D)

•weight: 135 kg empty, max. 290 kg

•core: 110 kg


Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTSSUPREME-Outdoor

•Configurations Ran 2.0 (10W&20W)

• 4+4+4/2+2+2+2+2+2 sectored

•Code channel capacity


•other features

• Smart Radio Concept Option

• AC or DC feed

The Outdoor version has a different cabinet.

Mechanics might change in the Program.


Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTSOPTIMA-Indoor

• Configurations (20W) Ran1.5 & 2.0•1-3 carriers omni•1+1+1 sectored

• Configurations (10W&20W) Ran 2.0•2+2+2 sectored

• Code channel capacity•32 ch steps Ran 1.5 •max. 384 ch/cabinet Ran 1.5•64 ch steps Ran 2.0•max. 768 ch/cabinet Ran 2.0

• other features•2-port uplink diversity, standard•AC or DC feed

• 1100 x 600 x 600 mm(H x W x D)

• -5°C ... +50 °C, IP20


Optima Compact• Configurations Ran 1.5 (20W)

• Max. 2 carrier per sector• 1+1+1 • 1+1+1+1+1+1

• Configurations Ran 2.0 (10W&20W)• Max. 4 carrier per sector• 2+2+2 sectored• 2+2+2+2+2+2• 4+4+4

• Code channel capacity• max. 384 ch/cabinet Ran 1.5• max. 768 ch/cabinet Ran 2.0

• Other features• AC or DC feed• Smart Radio Concept Option

Optima compact comes in 2 versions with

• IBBU -integrated battery back up unit.

• RF Extension

• 1300 x 1200 x 790 mm (h,w,d)• weight: 145 kg empty, max. 390 kg• core: 120 kg• 475 kg with IBBU


Baseband 2• 6xWSP• 2xWAM• 1xWSM• 1xWPS• 1xWFA

Baseband 1• 6xWSP• 2xWAM• 1xWSM• 1xWPS• 1xWFA

Transmission (AXC)• 1xWSC (WCI)• 2xAXU• 2xIFU• 1xWPS• 1xWSM • 1xWFA(Not in the picture)

Antenna Filter • 3xWAF

Power Amplifier (1)• 3xWPA

Transmitter and Receiver (1)

• 3xWTR• 2xWIC

RF Sections

Antenna Filter • 3xWAF

Power Amplifier (2)• 3xWPA

Transmitter and Receiver (2)

• 3xWTR• 1xWIC• 1xdummypanel BB/AXC Section

WHX

Optima Compact Outdoor

Door size is different for RF extension compared with IBBU compact.


UltraSite WCDMA BTS Optima Compact with IBBU extension

•Rectifiers: 3 x BATA á 1.3 kW DC, total 3.9 kW DC

• Power Distribution Unit (PDU)

• Common Control Unit (CCUA)

• LTE space: 3 x HU

• Batteries: 90 Ah (@ 48 V DC)


Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS/TRIPLEMODECombines GSM, EDGE and WCDMA

• Single cabinet can house simultaneously

• either 12GSM/EDGE transceivers or 6 GSM/EDGE and 3 (6 in Ran 2.0)WCDMA carriers

•WCDMA Subrack•1+1+1 carriers, 8 W

(previously 5 W)•2+2+2 carriers, 4 W

(previously 2W)•160 code channels Ran 1.5•320 code channels Ran 2.0

Using the WCDMA Subrack for the Triple Mode BTS we must use WMP (WCDMA Mini Power amplifier) due to space and thermal problem. Triple mode BTS is available in Ran 1.5

The new output power is as above at the antenna connector and the naming of the WMP for the 8 Watts output is 12 Watts WMP


3 WCDMA carriers/Ran1.56 WCDMA carriers/Ran2.0

6 GSM/EDGE TRXs

Upgrading Nokia UltraSite EDGE BTS for WCDMA

1

2

-replace existing GSM/ EDGE equipment with WCDMA equipment.

-work required to be done can be done at site.

- available for Indoor and Outdoor cabinet

-In outdoor sites add new cabinet door contains heat exchange size corresponds current door size.


Configurations

• 1 carrier omni 8W (Ran1.5)

64 HW Ch - Ran 1.5

• 1 (8W) or 2 (4W) carrier omni (Ran2.0)

128 HW Ch - Ran 2.0

• Other features• same cabinet for indoor and outdoor usage• wall or pole installation• vertical and horizontal installation• AC or DC power feed• Internal antenna

Nokia MetroSite WCDMA BTS

This BTS supports only one sector because it has only 1 WAF (WCDMA Antenna Filter)

Different Amplifier (WMP) is used for this small BTS

Inside the cover(front plate) there is fixed a WCDMA antenna (range 1910-2170 ) that can be used instead of the external one.


Metrosite WCDMA BTS Unit positions

Common units in all Nokia WCDMA BTS

•WCDMA transmitter and receiver unit (WTR)

•input combiner (WIC)

•Antenna Filter (WAF)

•Summing and Multiplexing (WSM)

•Signal Processing unit ( WSP)

•Application Manager (WAM)

•Transmission Interface Unit (IFU)

•ATM Cross-Connection Unit (AXU)

•Input Combiner (WIC)

Specific Units

•Mini Power Amplifier (WMP)- used in both Metrosite and Triple-mode

•Summing and Multiplexing and System Clock integrated in one plug -in (WMC)-used in Metrosite

•WIB-indoor battery in Metrosite


SUPREME INDOOR

WTR = Transmitterand Receiver

WPS = Power Supply

WAM = Application Manager

WSP x 6 = Signal Processor

WSM = Summing and Multiplexing

WAF = Antenna Filter

WPA = Power Amplifier

WIC = Input Combiner

WSC = System Clock

AXU = ATM Multiplexer

IFU x 5 = Interface

WFA = Fan

WEA = External Alarm

Units are the in the same location in the Outdoor Supreme.


WIDEBAND EXTERNAL ALARM (WEA)

WEA - handles external alarms and controls, over voltage protection.Has 2 versions WEAA and WEAB .

Both versions uses the same PCB

WEAA and WEAB are mechanically and electrically compatible. Differences are:

max. current in EXT_AL lines

WEAA 500 uA/line WEAB 1 mA/line

max. current in EXT_CO lines

WEAA 20 mA/line WEAB 30 mA/line

A and B versions differs from each other by value/amount of certain resistors


WIDEBAND ANTENNA FILTER UNIT (WAF)

WAF - 3 versions WAFA

• Global version 12dB for 2100MHz

• WAFB-Japanese version 30dB for 2100MHz

• WAFC-US-WCDMA 1900MHZ

WAF has three modules; Filter, LNA/Divider and Interface Module

Filter module removes unwanted signals from the transmitting path and selects the wanted signals from the receiving paths. It also has an output that can be used to measure transmitting signals or to connect site test mobile equipment. The module will support location service system.

LNA/Divider module amplifies and divides received signals into four outputs.

Interface module feeds power to the unit, also passes power to Nokia MHA and antenna supervisor. It collects alarms from the unit, Nokia MHA and antenna supervisor, and delivers them to WAM. It also has a storage for the unit's electronic serial number.


WIDEBAND POWER AMPLIFIER UNIT (WPA)

20W WPA(WPAA/WPAB) - 28.2 Watts at the WPA output (Ran 1.5 Unit)

At the antenna connector you get 20 Watts.

To customers known as 30 Watts WPA.

WPAA is the AC version and WPAB is the DC version.

40W WPA (WPAC/D) - 40 Watts WPA for (Ran 1.5 Unit)

WPAC is the AC version and WPAD is the DC version

WPAA and WPAD cannot be combined with WOC. They should use separate WAF in one sector

The WPAG/H 1900 MHz 53 W WPA (40W Nominal at the top of cabinet) is based on current 53 W WPAC/D solution. Only difference (depend on raster) is frequency which is different in WPAG/H. WPAG is working on AC (230VAC) current and WPAH is working on DC current (48VDC).


WIDEBAND TRANSCEIVER UNIT(WTRB)

•WTRA is the version used for the global market in Release 1

•WTRB: 2 Separate TRX can operate in the same frequency or on different frequency

•WTRA and WTRB can be freely installed into same sector/frequency in any combination.

•Output power is from -10dBm to +10 dBm

•WTRB unit does not interwork with Release 1 WSMA unit:when WTRB will be taken in use all WSMAs must be replaced with WSMBs at the same time


WIDEBAND TRANSCEIVER UNIT(WTRC)

•WTRC: 2 Separate TRX can operate in the same frequency or on different frequency for US-WCDMA 1900

•Output power is from -10dBm to +10 dBm


WIDEBAND INPUT COMBINER (WIC UNIT)

Comb out Div in

Div out 1

Div out 2

Comb in 1

Comb in 2

Block diagram (RF part)

Wideband Input Combiner unit consists of RF and HUB module in same mechanics

The RF module is a RF divider and combiner

The main function of the HUB module is Ethernet repeater for example O&M buses

Notice: Depending on the base station configuration WTR and WPA cables are connected in different ways to combiner and divider through WIC


WIDEBAND SUMMING AND MULTIPLEXING UNIT (WSMB)

WSM unit routes and distributes digital bit streams between WTR and WSP units.

WSM unit receives spread downlink signals from 6 (max) WSP units, in the case of softer handover, from up to two neighboring sectors for final summing and then sends the composite signals forward to WTR for transmission,

WSMA: Ran 1.5 Release unit used together only with WTRA and WSPA

WSMB: Ran 2.0 Release unit compatible with WTRA, WTRB,WSPA,WSPC

WSMA and WSMB cannot be used together in one cabinet


WIDEBAND SIGNAL PROCESSOR UNIT (WSP)

WSPA: 32 HW channels (Ran 1.5 Specification Unit)

WSPC: WSPC has double the capacity of WSPA, Ran 2.0 Specification Unit. WSPA and WSPC and be installed in same cabinet and mixed used


WSP Functions

WSP performs RX and TX code channel processing, coding and decoding functions. For lower data rates convolutional coding/encoding and for higher data rates Turbo coding/encoding is used. WSP processes RX data samples from twelve receiver antennas (6 main and 6 diversity antennas) and performs a fast power control.

The number of uplink and downlink code channels is not the same. In softer handover downlink needs more code channels than uplink. RACH reception needs code channel processing only for uplink. RACH reception also has some extra requirements e.g. buffering of input data compared to other code channels.

WSP contains four similar signal processing blocks. Each block has a RAKE receiver and an encoding/decoding part.

MCU block is for controls and for up- and downlink data transfer between ATM SW and signal processing.


Rake Receivers Function• Impulse response measurements

• Channel estimation• Receiver fingers allocation

• Descrambling in fingers• Despreading in fingers

• Maximum ration combining (MRC)• Code tracking• Closed loop power control

• Signal to interference ratio (SIR) estimation

There are four RAKE blocks on the WSP unit. Each RAKE has two IRAD ASICs

and one RAKE DSP. The DSP is connected to the WAM unit via DSC ASIC.

Each RAKE block includes four finger banks which have each eight RAKE

fingers: four for the main antenna and four for the diversity antenna. Each finger

bank is time-multiplexed for two users.


Channel block (codec) functions

• Channel encoding: convolutional or Turbo coding

• Decoding (+ Viterbi and Turbo)• Interleaving / deinterleaving

• Rate matching• CRC checking / calculation

• Modulation• Spreading

• Scrambling• TPC (transmit power control)


User data rate /kbps

Decodingcapacity

Encodingcapacity

ERF voice 64 64

8 64 64

16 64 64

32 32 32

64 16 16

128 16 16

144 12 12

256 8 8

384 4 4

512 NA 4

WSPC Processing Capacity

WSPA: 32 HW channels (Ran 1.5 Specification Unit)

WSPC(Ran 2.0 Specification Unit): WSPC has double the capacity of WSPA. WSPA and WSPC can be installed in the same cabinet and mixed used

WSPA has half the capacity of the WSPC


WIDEBAND APPLICATION MANAGER UNIT (WAM)

WAM stands for Wideband Application Manager and is used in the BTS for O&M functions and carrier control.

Performs logical channel processing, ATM termination and controls other processing in its subrack.

One of the WAMs acts as the master controller for the whole BTS and performs common O&M functions such as:

-Operational SW local storage and distribution

-Configuration management

-Alarm collection and handling


WIDEBAND POWER SUPPLY UNIT(WPS)

•WPSB- DC VERSION -when you have a DC powered BTS

•WPSA- AC VERSION - when you have a AC powered BTS

•Supplies power to individual units in Base Stations.


WIDEBAND FAN UNIT, WFA

Main functions

Cool down the indoor cabinet baseband section.

Function together with the Heat Exchanger to Cool down the outdoor cabinet.


WIDEBAND SYSTEM CLOCK (WSC)

.

WCI:Common clock interface for both WSCs towards the AXC backplane

WSC performs synchronization functions and reference clock generation for the other BTS units (WTR, WAM, WSM) and slave BTS cabinets.

Two WSCs are placed one on top of the other and are connected to the WCI unit.

In case of WSC failure, another WSC becomes the active clock generator.

WCI unit provides a common interface for both WSC units through the transmission back plane to the other BTS units.

WCI switches the source clock and BS synchronization between the two WSCs.

Changeover to another WSC done automatically or by O&M.

Changeover for the second reference clock done automatically or by O&M in case of first reference failure

All three units are controlled by WAM unit as CCI-bus (Clock Control Interface) master.

Live insert for both WSCs

Operational temperature range -10°C - +85°C


WCDMA Supreme BTS architecture with three sectors

WAF

WTR WSM

WPAW

SP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

WAF

WTR WSM

WPA

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

WAF

WTR WSM

WPA

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

IFUIFU

AXU

IFU

WCI

Iub

CarrierInterFace

R-bus

T-bus

RT-bus

RR-bus

ST-bus SR-bus

WSCMAIN

WSCREDU

Master WAM

Slave WAM

Master WAM: responsible for the O&M functions of the BTS. The BTS software is installed inside the Master WAM and it is also responsible for the Alarm collection and handling. Furthermore, Master WAM is also the termination point for the C-NBAP.


Signal Interface(Continuing)

• CLK – Clock and synchronisation interface. This interface provides frequency reference, operational clocks and other timing signals for the use of other units in the BTS.

• R-BUS – Receive Bus. This interface delivers received samples from WSM unit to maximum 6 WSPs.

• SR-BUS – Sector Receive Bus. Samples from adjacent sectors (adjacent WSMs) are received via this interface and are further forwarded towards R-BUS.

• RR-BUS – Radio Receive Bus. This bus delivers the main and diversity received signal in digital form to the WSM unit for further distribution.

• T-BUS – Transmit Bus. Carries spreaded and summed signals from one WSP to WSM. WSM can take input from up to six WSPs simultaneously.


ST-BUS - Sector Transmit Bus. Data intended for transmission in adjacent sectors is delivered via this interface to the adjacent WSMs.

RT-BUS – Radio Transmit Bus. WSM composes the whole carrier data from own and adjacent sector input and forwards the resulting bit stream to WTR via RT-BUS for modulation and upconversion .

DSC-BUS – Data, Signaling and Control Bus. The 'backbone' of the BTS. All user data and signaling is carried via this interface from WAM to WSPs. 32-bit wide parallel bus, 1024 Mbps,

Signal Interface(Continuing)


CIF (Carrier Interface)

W A M 1 -0

IP to D C NU B R , P C R = 4 8 3 0 c e lls /s

IP to o th e r W A M sU B R , P C R = 4 8 3 0 c e lls /s

W A M p ro to c o l to o th e r W A M sC B R , P C R = 4 8 3 0 c e lls /s

T e s t lo o p , lo o p e d in A X UC B R , P C R = 4 8 3 0 c e lls /s

V P I/V C I

0 H /1 FH

0 H /1 E H

0 H /1 8 -1 CH

0 H /1 2 -1 6H

0 H /2 4H A A L 2 U se r D a ta to R N C

C B R

A A L 2 S ig n a llin g to R N CC B R

0 H /2 3 H

C o m m o n N B A P to R N CC B R

0 H /2 1 H

D e d ic a te d N B A P to R N CC B R

0 H /2 2 H

Nee

d to

be

conf

igur

edN

o ne

ed to

be

conf

igur

ed

CIF : Carrier Interface. 155 Mbps Interface between WAM and transmission subsystem(AXC). Carries user data and user related signalling and O&M information from/toRNC/NMS.

This figure summarizes all possible ATM connections of a WAM. As an example, the connections of WAM 1-0 are shown. Some VCI values will differ on other WAMs and some represent a proposal only. Of course, the amount of ATM connections depends on the configuration of the BTS. The Common-NBAP connection exists only once per BTS.

O&M IP over ATM/AAL5 in Master WAM

AAL2 user plane link, 1 per WAM

AAL2 signaling link, 1 per WAM

Common-NBAP, AAL5, 1 per BTS in Master-WAM

Dedicated-NBAP, AAL5, 1 per WAM


Logical model of WCDMA BTS at Ran network level

ChannelChannel

Channel

ChannelChannel

Channel

ChannelChannel

ChannelWCDMA BTS

RNC

WCDMA BTS Logical resource andchannelmanagement,PCH /BCCHtransmission

MSsignalingRACH/FACH



User dataDCH

User dataDCH

User dataDCH

WCDMA BTS O&M

Management

O&Mrelay

Logical connectionto NetworkManagement System

User dataDCH

DCHsignaling DCH

signalingDCHsignaling

DNBAP DNBAP DNBAPCNBAPTransmission

Control

AAL2 SignalingLink(s)

WCDMA BTS AAL2

Signaling

WCDMA BTS AAL2

Signaling

CNBAP

FP Termination

FPTermination

FPTermination

WCDMA BTS logical

resource manager

Cell(s) resource manager

WCDMA BTSAP


WCDMA BTSAP


WCDMA BTSAP

SectorNot a logical / control object within BTS SW !Several cells may be mapped to one sector e.g. 2+2+2Sector carriers summed (WIC, WOC)Do not mix sector with Supreme subrack!

Cell = one WCDMA 5 MHz carrier = WTR outputConsists of WSM, WTR(s), WPA(s), WAF + antennas Up to 4 receiving antennas (SRC 4 - way diversity)Referred as LCR (Local Cell Resource) in BTS: meaning LCR is one cell from system point of view.One to one mapping to RNC’s Cell_ID (by TCOM)Each cell has common channels (FACH, RACH, PICH)One cell have two WTR’s in case of 4-way diversity / SRCIn Roll Out configuration one cell consist of several sectorsSame TX to all sectors, separate RX from sector antennas


AXU

Iub

IFU

AXU

IFU

WCI

CarrierInterFace

WAFWTR

WPA

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

T-bus RT-bus

RR-bus

ST-bus SR-bus

WAFWTR

WPA

WSM WAM

R-bus

WAFWTR

WPA

WAFWTR

WPA

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

WAMWSM

WAFWTR

WPA

WAF

WPA

WSM

WTR

WSCMAIN

WSCREDU

Air IF

Architecture of Optima Compact RF Extension cabinet

WSM is used to support the 3rd sector and it is located in the transmission subrack


AXU

Iub IF

IFU

AXU

IFU

WCI

CarrierInterFace

WAFWTR

WPA

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

T-bus RT-bus

RR-bus

ST-bus SR-bus

WAFWTR

WPA

WSM WAM

WAFWTR

WPAW

SP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

WAMWSM

R-bus

WSCMAIN

WSCREDU

Air IF

Architecture of Optima and Optima Compact

IBBU cabinet


Architecture of Triplemode

IubAXU IFU

WSCWAF

WMP

WAFWTR

WMP

WAF

WMP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WSP

WAM

DSC-BUS

WSM

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

DUX

M2X

M2X

M2X

DUX

DUX

TRS

OtherBSs

BSC/RNC

2 + 2 + 2GSM/EDGE

900/1800 MHz

1 + 1 + 1WCDMA

(8W/carrier)

WTR

WTR

(RNC)

M 2x -2 way receiver multicoupler

DUX - duplexer


Example of Update path from Ran 1.5 to Ran 2.0


Release 1.5:1+1+1/ 20W

DPX

TXRXRXANT1/1

ANT2/1

WTRAWAFLPAWPAA

DPX

TXRXRXANT1/2

ANT2/2

WTRAWAF

DPX

TXRXRXANT1/3

ANT2/3

WTRAWAF

RX

diversity selection and combining

LPAWPAA

LPAWPAA

20W per sector

Here is the configuration we can achieve in Ran 1.5 already. When upgrading to the release Ran 2.0 we use the configuration 2+2+2. You can follow the next slide.

LPA: low noise power amplifier which is used in WPAA


Ran2.0 upgrade: Supreme 2+2+2, 20 W per carrierfrom Ran1.5: Supreme 1+1+1

3-6 WAM, 1-18 WSPB, 3 WPS, 1 WSC, 1 AXU, 1-5 IFU

Added:

2 WTRB,

3 WPA(50W),

3 WSMB.

Removed:

3 WSMA,

1 WTRA,

3 WPA(28W).

WSM

B

WTRWIC

RX

TXRX

TXRXRX

WPAC/D50 WANT1/1

WAF

DPX

WPAC/D50 WANT1/3

ANT2/3WAF

DPX

WTRB

RX

TXRX

TXRXRX

WPAC/D50 WANT1/2

ANT2/2

WAF

DPX

WSM

B

WTRB

RX

TXRX

TXRXRX

WIC

ANT2/1

WIC

WSM

B

WTR

This slide shows the upgraded configuration in Ran 2.0.


WIC

WIC

Ran2.0 upgrade: Supreme 2+2+2, 40 W per carrier

from Rel1: Supreme 1+1+1 3-6 WAM, 1-18 WSPB 3 WPS, 1 WSC, 1 AXU, 1-5 IFU

ANT1/3

ANT2/3

WSM

B

DPX

WAF

WPA50 W

DPX

WAF

WPA50 W

TXRXRX

WTRB

TXRXRX

WIC

Added:

2 WTRB,

3 WPA(50W),

3 WAF,

3 WSMB.

Removed:

3 WSMA

1 WTRA.

WSM

B

WTR

WTR

DPX

TXRXRX

ANT1/1

WAF

WPA50 W

DPX

TXRXRX

ANT2/1

WAF

WPA50 W

DPX

ANT1/2

WAF

WPA50 W

DPX

ANT2/2

WAF

WPA50 W

TXRXRX

WTRB

TXRXRX

WSM

B

This slides shows how you can upgrade from the 1+1+1,20W configuration to (Ran1.5) to 2+2+2, 40 Win Ran2.0


BTS MANAGER


AXC Manager FeaturesWith AXC Manager you can e.g.

• commission the AXC node

• create ATM cross-connections

• monitor the node alarms

• download and activate new software

• backup and restore AXC node configuration

• import network planningfiles


Nokia Ultrasite Site Support


Nokia UltraSite Support Supreme

• Dimensions:• W x D x H• 770 x 790 x 1940 mm• 770 x 850 x 1940 mm with extended door

• CSU depth increased from up to 350 mm to up to 405 mm

• Cabinet weight:• Empty: 120 kg approx• Maximum: 550 approx (770 kg approx in Extesion

Cabinet)

• External operating temperature range -33C to +50C.

• 2 options for internal Heat Management• Air Conditioner• Heat Exchanger

• IP55

Supreme

Integrated Solution •Rectifiers, batteries and auxiliary equipment

integrated into the same cabinet

•19” LTE space under heat management

•Space for stand-alone AXC unit

Reduced site complexity & Optimised space usage

Support for Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS and UltraSite EDGE BTS •Cabinet design based on WCDMA UtraSite BTS family

•Co-siting kits available for UltraSite EDGE BTS

Simplified site installation

Easy expansion to higher capacity•Modular design

Allows cabinet chaining Power System Management

•Remote message handling

•Remote & automatic battery testing

•Sophisticated alarm handling

Savings in operational costs

Heat Management System•Closed air flow for PDU, batteries and LTE space

•Optional air-conditioner for tropical environment

•Controlled environment for auxiliary equipment and battery compartment


• Dimensions:• W x D x H • 770 x 790 x 1300 mm• 770 x 850 x 1300 mm with extended door

• CSU depth increased from up to 350 mm to up to 405 mm

• Cabinet weight:• Empty: 100 kg approx• Maximum: 270 approx (620 kg approx in Extension

Cabinet)

• External operating temperature range -33C to +50C.

• 2 options for internal Heat Management• Air Conditioner• Heat Exchanger

• IP55

Nokia UltraSite Support Optima

Integrated Solution •Rectifiers, batteries and auxiliary equipment

integrated into the same cabinet

•19” LTE space under heat management

•Space for stand-alone AXC unit

Reduced site complexity & Optimised space usage

Support for Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS and UltraSite EDGE BTS •Cabinet design based on WCDMA UtraSite BTS family

•Co-siting kits available for UltraSite EDGE BTS

Simplified site installation

Easy expansion to higher capacity•Modular design

Allows cabinet chaining Power System Management

•Remote message handling

•Remote & automatic battery testing

•Sophisticated alarm handling

Savings in operational costs

Heat Management System•Closed air flow for PDU, batteries and LTE space

•Optional air-conditioner for tropical environment

•Controlled environment for auxiliary equipment and battery compartment


• Compact Battery Back Up solution for indoor

UltraSite BTS (GSM-EDGE and WCDMA) and IntraTalk

BTS

EmPowerEmPower 11001100--8 (8 (the Indoor solution)the Indoor solution)

•Max. 8,8kW integrated power supply system configuration

• Possibility to expand to 17,6kW with the extension cabinet

•Size 600 x 480 x 700 mm (W x D x H)

• Batteries in a separate rack (600 x 600 x 900 mm)

• Battery stand or wall installation

• Can be installed up to 10 m from existing power system

• PSM Hardware readiness with Q1IA (Q1 Interface Adaptor)


EmPowerEmPower 11001100--1414

• Compact Battery Back Up solution for indoor

UltraSite BTS (GSM-EDGE and WCDMA) and

IntraTalk BTS

•Max. 15,4kW integrated power supply system configuration

•Battery 3 x 200A

•Size 600 x 600 x 2000 mm (W x D x H)

•PSM Hardware readiness with Q1IA (Q1 Interface Adaptor)


• Compact Battery Back Up solution for indoor Talk Family-, UltraSite GSM/GSM-EDGE- and UltraSite WCDMA of BTS

Nokia EmPower 1900Nokia EmPower 1900--44

•Max. 7,6 kW integrated power supply system configuration

• Possibility to expand to 15,2kW with the extension cabinet

• Size 600 x 480 x 600 mm (W x D x H)

• Batteries in a separate rack (600 x 480 x 1000 mm)

• Battery stand or wall installation

• Can be installed up to 10 m from existing power system

• PSM Hardware readiness with Q1IA (Q1 Interface Adaptor)


• Compact Battery Back Up solution for indoor Talk Family-, UltraSite GSM/GSM-EDGE- and UltraSite WCDMA of BTS

Nokia EmPower 1900Nokia EmPower 1900--88

•Max. 15.2 kW integrated power supply system configuration

• Size 600 x 600 x 1000 mm (W x D x H)

• Batteries in the separate racks [either 600 x 600 x 1200 mm (WxDxH) rack or 600 x

600 x 900 mm (WxDxH)]

•PSM Hardware readiness with Q1IA (Q1 Interface Adaptor)


Nokia Power System Management (PSM)

BSC/RNC

NMS/NetAct

BTS+BBU/SiSS with Q1IAadapter or integratedCCUA controller

Remote Connection

• Enables real time power system remote monitoring

• Increased site information improves operational efficiency

• More reliable Site - Less Site visits!

• Available for Nokia power systems

Power system monitoring

- PSM enables power system remote monitoring via NMS/NetAct.

- PSM provide real time alarm/ power system management.

- NMS user can e-mail to site engineer e.g. alarm history or event log and engineer can connect to a node remotely to check site without site visit.

- Provides an alternative to site visits by allowing remote monitoring and any alteration to the site's operational parameters to be implemented by the Network Management System (NMS).

Operational efficiency

- Installing PSM reduces number of site visits.

- The reduced attention and un-planned site visits releases personnel for other tasks.

- Improved battery management, fault response, information management (logs, reports).

- Multiple access to site: locally at site, via node manager server, via network workstation, via remote connection to node manager server, via NMS/2000 X-term.

More reliable site => more revenue

- Remote site monitoring allows an operator to evaluate the condition of a site without a site visit.

- PSM will reduce site downtime.

- PSM allows possible faulty critical components to be replaced in time.

Nokia Power System Management (PSM)

- Available for all Nokia power systems (HW available separately for older power systems, integrated inboth EmPowers and Nokia UltraSite family power systems).

- Main parts are power system controller, Q1IA adapter module or CCUA with Q1 interface unit.

- Is a common management tool for all Nokia power systems.


Features & Benefits of Nokia Power SystemManagement

• Ensures a constant and cost-effective operation of power system and thus provides a high quality service to a BTS sites

• Offers more accurate information about power system and gives opportunity to maximise the electrical efficiency of batteries and charging system

• Is a common management tool for all Nokia power systems and thus provides better information, a better user interface and commonality of information between different systems

• Allows an operator to evaluate the condition of a site without a site visit => PSM reduces the amount of site visits

• Establish real time power system measurement/monitoring and alarm monitoring


Main PSM system elements

• Power supply system control unit

• Q1IA adapter module or CCUA controller unit with

Q1 interface unit

• PSM Node Manager software (PSMMan)

• NMS integration softwares

The following Nokia power system controller types are supported by PSM and the minimum required controller SW version is in brackets:

-PCU10.48 for PSSS6000/6600 (SW ver N/A, only one SW version available)

-PSC1000 for Nokia BBU750/15001700/1900, EmPower1900/1900-8/1900-8B (SW ver ≥2.6)

-PCS for EmPower1100/1100-14 (SW ver ≥1.11)

-CSM for Extratalk II/II+, Extratalk Mini (SW ver ≥8.05)

-CCUA for all UltraSite family power systems (NUSS/IBBU/Optima Compact SW ver ≥2.1.0 ), (Optima ≥3.0.3)

PSM relese SW can be used only with Nokia BBU’s/ SiSS’s and it consist of an embedded SW’s (PSMMan, PSM/CCUA and BIOS).

NMS integration SW’s are needed to integrate node manager server into NMS/2000 and e.g allow a usage of PSMMan in NMS machine via X-term window. The X-term window is a function which enables e.g node manger server display to be displayed on an NMS/2000 or terminal and enabling operation and control of the remote system by use of the local terminal.


Site information & tasks via PSM

• Real time power system monitoring/ measurement

• Real time alarm monitoring• Identifications

• Batteries• Rectifiers• Site• Heat Management• LTE

• System commissioning• Battery test

• Manually• Automatically (periodically)

• Software download• Locally• Remotely

Nokia Power System Management (PSM) allow user to monitor power system and its alarms in real time either remotely or locally. At the same it is a common management tool for all Nokia power systems. It also establish power system SW (if power system controller support this) or Q1IA/ CCUA embedded SW’s to be upgraded remotely through network without doing site visit.

Battery test can be started either manually or periodically, period can be set as every x months or after x days. All battery related paramters are adjustable like float voltage, boost charging settings, battery disconnection limit etc.

In addition of systems using CCUA all systems equipped with Q1IA have to commission using PSM own commissioning wizard to avoid communication errors between power system controller and Q1IA/ CCUA. Commissioning wizard includes all the system, rectifier, battery and site related information like serial numbers, product codes etc.

PSM improves maintenance efficiency that allows preventative maintenance and diagnosis of what has failed and hence the correct spare part for any failure can be taken from stores to the site.


Nokia Nokia Base Station Base Station AntennasAntennas

Please, refer to the note pages

• This slideset begins with an introduction to the antenna technology and its basic terms and theory.Continuing with the Nokia antenna portfolio, including the Nokia RealTilt and ending with different antenna types and solutions, including the antenna camouflage.

• The main focus in this slideset is on the GSM, GSM EDGE and WCDMA/UMTS antennas.


Why Base Station AntennasWhy Base Station Antennas??

The BTS antennas are

- the sending element when talking about the down link signal (BTS to Mobile)

- the receiving element when talking about the uplink signal(Mobile to BTS)

- an important part of the whole communication chain and therefore only approved antennas by Nokia should be used

Downlink

Uplink

Base Station (BTS)

Mobile

Antenna System

-It’s worth pointing out that if the antennas used in the network are not approved by Nokia, the qualityof the network service can go dramatically down because of Intermodulation, VSWR and/or Isolation problems which causes interfering on the channels.


Dipole (X-pol)Patch (X-pol)

Panel antenna technologyPanel antenna technology

Dipole (V-pol)

•The pictures showes the basic difference in the technology design used in the panel antennas of today


V-pol versus X-pol design

Vertical polarized antenna- one feeder connector per antenna

X polarized antenna

- dipoles slanted +/- 45° ⇒ X shape- two feeder connectors per antenna

-V-pol: Vertically polarized (omni or a panel antenna), horisontal radiating angle normally 30-120degrees for panels and 360 degrees for the omni, the dipole orientation is vertical, one connector

-X-pol: Cross polarized (panel antenna), horisontal radiating angle normally 30-90 degrees, the dipole orientation slanted +/-45 degrees compared to V-pol, two connectors (+45 and –45 degrees)


Horizontal beam widthHorizontal beam width

• The comparision between different antenna horizontal beam widths

65°

90°

105°

120°

360° (Omni)

• The beam width for antennas are given as the “half-power beam width“, the 3dB point

3dB

•As can be seen, the difference between the theoretical horizontal beam widths for the 90°, 105° and 120° antennas are small, and in real use the topography and its reflections makes them more or less equal.

•The 3dB point, is the point where the output power from the antenna is reduced to half. (Each 3dBstep decrease the power by half)


Vertical beam widthVertical beam width and and GainGain

• to concentrate the radiated power into the area around the horizon, half wave dipoles are arranged vertically and combined in phase

• with every doubling of the dipoles number

- the half power beam width approximately halves

- the gain increases by 3 dB in the main direction

•The picture shows the changes in the vertical beam width and gain when going from one (λαµδα/2)dipole to eight (λαµδα/2) dipoles.

•The resonance frequency of the dipole is determined by its mechanical lenght, which is half of thecorresponding wave length

•The relation between the frequency and the wave lenght can be calculated with the followingformula:

”lamda (m) = 300 (the speed of light) / frequency (MHz)”

•Due to the sidelobes (near the antenna) the beam width is not halved exactly, when doubling theamount of dipoles


• the network is divided into cells in a honeycomb structure

• sector sites with 3 cells of different frequencies for a higher amount of subscribers

• smaller cells in high traffic areas like citiesand city centers

• omni antennas for low traffic cells

• the topography, the repeatability of the frequencies and the antenna locations influence the network planning

ConfigurationConfiguration of of Cellular NetworksCellular Networks

•In a 3 sector site, three 65° antennas are normally used

•In a 6 sector site, six 30° or 45° antennas are used

•Omni antenna is used in a 1 sector site, giving a 360° coverage


Down tiltingDown tilting the the AntennaAntenna

• as a standard the vertical beam is pointing to the horizon

• downtilting of the pattern provides the following benefits

- the majority of the radiated power is concentrated within the sector

- the reduction of the power towards the horizon avoids interference problems with the next sector

• best results when fieldstrength in the horizon is reduced by 6 dB

• selected downtilt angle depends on the vertical half power beam width

Horizon

Horizon6dB

•To reduce the fieldstrength by 6dB the downtilt angle is smaller for an antenna which vertical beam width is narrow, than for an antenna which beam width is wide (see the picture of different beams onslide ”Vertical beam widthVertical beam width andand GainGain”)”)

•When downtilting the antenna and the downtilt angle is big, then also the sidelobes should be takeninto account.


MMechanical down tiltechanical down tilt

Clamp set

Deformation of thehorizontal pattern

Mechanical Down tilt kit

• No “real“ maximum tilt angle

• Mechanical down tilt causes deformation in thehorizontal pattern

• For a complete installation also clamps or a clamp set is required

Clamp

•The mechanical DT-kit increases the upper distance to the mast, making the antenna pointing down. An angle of up to 54 degrees possible with certain antennas.

•Different mechanical DT-kits might require different clamps or clamp sets.

•The requested downtilt angle is achieved only in the main direction (see pattern shape) causing adeformation of the horizontal pattern shape.

•The benefit using DT is that the radiated power can be concentrated within the sector and that thereduction of the power towards the horizon avoids interference problems with the next sector


Adjustable ElectricalAdjustable Electrical DDownown TTiltilt• The Adjustable EDT antennas can be adjusted manually or remotely

• Phase shifters provides variable phase distribution which in turn keeps the pattern shape constant

• Maximum Adjustable EDT range approx. 0-14° (normally 0-8°)

• For a higher downtilt angle a combination of the Mechanical DT and the AdjustableEDT is recommended

Horizontal patternremains constant

Remote use Manual use

•Manually you set the electrical down tilt by rotating the adjustment wheel which has a scale for thetilt range.

•The antenna is installed upright i.e. the antenna is not mechanically moved when tilting.

•The fixed phase distribution applies to all azimuth directions ⇒ electrical down tilt angle is constantkeeping the the shape of the horizontal pattern constant at all angles

•Remote tilt adjustment requires optionally an Electrical Tilt Adjuster (ETA) to be fitted to themechanical interface of the antenna. The ETA is controlled by the Antenna System Controll Unit (ASCU). The ASCU can be controlled locally by a PC or remotely by the Nokia NetAct Framework via the BTS.

-The benefit using DT is that the radiated power can be concentrated within the sector and that thereduction of the power towards the horizon avoids interference problems with the next sector


Adjustable ElectricalAdjustable Electrical DDownown TTiltilt DesignDesign• Phase shifters for each dipole group provides variable phase distributions• For sidelobe control the dipole groups are fed with different power• The phase shifter design is based on capacitive coupling, to avoid IM-products

phase shifter

power splitter

”tilt

e d s

i gn a

l ”

phase shifter

•Phase shifters provide continious downtilt angle adjustments.

•The antenna is not mechanically tilted (the antenna is installed upright), the selected tilt is achieved by rotating the adjustment wheel which in turn moves the phase shifters inside the antenna.

•The phase shifters takes care of the electrical tilting by varying the phase delays (i.e. ”cable lenght”) to the dipoles.

•By using capacitive coupling there is no risk for Intemodulation Products (IM) or limitation of the lifetime of the Phase Shifter.


Dual Band Antenna

• separate radiation elements for 1800MHzand WCDMA

• 1800MHz dipoles interlocked between the WCDMA dipoles

• vertical dipole spacing one wave length ⇒ higher number of 1800MHz dipoles⇒ higher gain

• two feeder connectors per frequency band ⇒ 4 connectors per antenna

•The XX-pol antenna shown in the picture is a Dual Band GSM1800/WCDMA 65/65 degree antenna without combiner.

•If the antenna would be fitted with an internal combiner, the amount of connectors would reduce totwo, meaning that both frequency ranges (in this case GSM1800 and WCDMA) would be connected to the same antenna connectors.

•Also Dual Band antennas available where the upper band is Wide Band (1710-2170MHz).


The benefit using Dual and Triple Band antennas

Instead of mounting three or two antennas, only one antenna is required, per sector

•The benefit in using only one Dual Band or one Triple Band antenna on the site per sector instead ofthree respectively two is that the mounting space required is extremely reduced.

•By using only one Dual or Triple Band antenna even the amount of feeders can be minimized by using diplexers or triplexers.

•Regulations might allow only one antenna to be installed at the site in city areas.


BTS BTS Antennas Antennas in the Nokia in the Nokia portfolioportfolio

• Antennas for the following cellular systems• UMTS / WCDMA• GSM and GSM EDGE• Tetra (a limited selection)

• Main types available are 33/45°, 65° & 88/90° Panel antennas with adjustable electrical down tilt and Omni antennas

• All main types with a selection of 2-4 different gain versions• Antennas for Single, Dual, Wide or Triple Band use• Smart Radio Concept (SRC) antennas

Antenna types

-Single Band: Antennas for one cellular system (ex. 1710-1880MHz)

-Dual Band: Antennas for two different (or twice the same) cellular systems (ex. 824-960/1710-1880MHz or 1710-2170/1710-2170MHz)

-Broad (or Wide) Band: Antennas that covers more than one cellular systems (ex. 1710-2170MHz)

-Triple(or Tri or Multi) Band: Antennas for three different cellular systems (ex. 824-960/1710-1880/1920-2170MHz or an antenna with one lower band with twice the same upper band ex. 824-960/1710-2170/1710-2170MHz)

Nokia Smart Radio Concept (SRC)

-Similar as two separate antennas side-by-side, but in the SRC case within one radom. It’s a Dual Band antenna with twice the same wide frequency band (1710-2170MHz) for optimizing the use of space diversity with one antenna.

-Improvements when using the Nokia SRC:

- The coverage is improved 2.5-3.0 dB on the uplink side

- The capacity is increased by 75% on the down link side

-The SRC-antenna can also be used as a dual band antenna for two separate cellular systems (ex. 1800 and UMTS).

Frequency band for some cellular systems:

-UMTS/WCDMA: 1920-2170MHz

-GSM1900: 1850-1990MHz

-GSM1800: 1710-1880MHz

-GSM900: 890-959MHz

-GSM800:

-Tetra: 380-430MHz or 806-869MHz


TX/RX antennafor the used frequency band

UMTS: 1920-2170MHzGSM 1900: 1850-1990MHzGSM 1800: 1710-1880MHz

GSM 900: 890-960MHz•2 RF feeders/sector• RX diversity used

BTS

Antenna Line for 1 Sector, Single Band

•One single (X-pol) antenna per sector used when having only one cellular system

•The configuration is TX/RX + TX/RX div (diversity)

•For a remote controll of the adjustable electrical down tilt (AEDT) one Electrical Tilt Adjuster (ETA) isrequired, if the mechanical interface exist.

Frequency band for some cellular systems:

-UMTS/WCDMA: 1920-2170MHz

-GSM1900: 1850-1990MHz

-GSM1800: 1710-1880MHz

-GSM900: 890-959MHz

-GSM800:

-Tetra: 380-430MHz or 806-869MHz


TX/RX antennafor GSM1800/GSM1900/UMTS

(1710-2170MHz)•2 RF feeders/sector• no need for diplexersat the antenna end dueto wide/broad band elements

• RX diversity used

GSM1800

UMTS

Diplexer Diplexer

Antenna Line for 1 Sector, Wide Band

•One wide band (X-pol) antenna per sector used when having one or two cellular systems at the site,combined to one antenna.

•If more than one cellular system is configured to be used in the same antenna, then they are to be combined with a diplexer.

•The configuration is TX/RX + TX/RX div (diversity).

•For a remote controll of the adjustable electrical down tilt (AEDT) one ETA is required. The tilt isadjustable in common for both bands.


Bias-T with DC-block

GSM1800

UMTS

Diplexer

DC-blocks formulti-MHA use

MHA DC-feeds from BTS

1800 MHAs WCDMA MHAs

Diplexers

• With external diplexers • 2 RF feeders/sector• Rx diversity used

TX/RX antennafor two times Wide Band

(1710-2170/1710-2170MHz)

The Nokia Smart Radio Concept can be used with this antenna, if all four ports are used for the same frequency band

Antenna Line for 1 Sector, Dual Band (SRC)

•One SRC-dual band (XX-pol) antenna per sector used when having two cellular systems at the site,combined to one antenna or using the Nokia Smart Radio Concept (SRC) for one cellular system.

•The amount of feeders used are 4 per antenna or 2 per antenna if diplexers are used.

•The configuration is TX/RX + TX/RX div (diversity) per wide band element when two separate cellular systems.

•The configuration is TX/RX + TX/RX div + RX div + RX div when SRC.

•For a remote controll of the adjustable electrical down tilt (AEDT) two ETA’s are required. The tilt isindividually adjustable for each band.


GSM900

• With externaltriplexers • 2 RF feeders/sector• RX diversity used

GSM1800

Triplexers

Triplexers

UMTSGSM900

GSM1800

UMTS

• Without triplexers• 6 RF feeders/sector• RX diversity used

TX/RX antennafor 900/1800/UMTS

Antenna Line for 1 Sector, Triple Band

•One triple band (XXX-pol) antenna per sector used when having three cellular systems at the site combined to one antenna.

•The amount of feeders used are 6 per antenna or 2 per antenna if triplexers are used.

•The configuration is TX/RX + TX/RX div (diversity) per band

•For a remote controll of the adjustable electrical down tilt (AEDT) three ETA’s are required. The tilt isindividually adjustable for each band.


• Antenna tilt is controlled remotely from within the NetAct Framework by the user

• In a later NetAct version, both antenna control and optimal tilt calculation can be carried out automatically by the Optimizer tool running within the Nokia NetAct Framework, if required

O&M data

0º tilt

14º tilt

NetAct

O&M dataO&M data

0º tilt

14º tilt

0º tilt

14º tilt

0º tilt

14º tilt

NetAct

Nokia RealTilt with NetAct

•The RealTilt Hardware (see next slide) will be available 4Q2002

•Remote tilt controlled from the BTS element manager will be available in RAN2.0 (estimated 1Q2003)

•Full integration into Optimizer and automated tilt functionaility will be available in RAN3.0

•When building WCDMA networks, antenna tilt angle is a critical parameter to be considered during network planning and network deployment . Inaccuracies in the initial network plan or adjustment errors during the antenna installation result in the need to reset the antenna tilt angle. In addition, as new cells or new sites are added, there is a need to readjust the tilt angle of several sites at a time.

•Very dramatic changes in traffic density can occur within a very short period due to sports events, trade fairs etc. Under these circumstances it is essential to be able to dynamically adjust antenna tilt angle to direct the signal towards the area of high traffic density.

•RealTilt offers complete flexibilty in antenna tilt adjustment. From the network management system Nokia NetAct the user can monitor and adjust antenna tilt angle. By using dominance area maps and Key Performance Reports which show the effect of tilt on the network, the optimal tilt angle can be calculated and visualised. Future releases will enable automated tilt which will use sophisticated algorithms to calculate the optimal tilt angle and adjust the antennas accordingly. The user will be able to control the level of automation applied when tilting the antennas.

•Operational savings are derived from the reduced effort in analyzing the optimal antenna tilt angle and elimination of the need to visit sites to carry out the tilt adjustment. Capital savings are derived from the fact that optimising the existing infrastructure postpones the addition of extra cells or sites when the load density increases.


Nokia RealTilt

ETA

Antenna

Additionalcontrol cable

Feeder lines

Splitter

• Nokia RealTilt is a fully integrated solution which enables the optimization of WCDMA networks by adjusting antenna tilt angle remotely from the network management system, Nokia NetActO&M Center

BTS

ASCU

-ASCU – Antenna System Controll Unit (at the BTS). Max. 9 ETA’s can be controlled by one ASCU.

-ETA – Electrical Tilt Adjuster (at the Antenna)

-Splitter – A 1:3 splitter when more than one ETA is to be controlled by the ASCU

-Control cable for the power supply (28VDC) and signal controll (RS485) to the ETA

-Connection from the ASCU to the O&M Center via Ethernet


Integrated

Hidden

Painted

Antenna camouflage

• Camouflage is coming more and more in to the picture when coverage should exist but the antennas should not be seen in the environment ...

• NOTE: Antennas from the Nokia portfolio can be used, but the camouflage work tobe done by a subcontractor.

Pictures shown:

• Omni antenna integrated on top of the onion tower

• Hidden antennas in a artificial chimney – Cover construction of glasfibre andpainted

• Perfect matching in the environment by painting the antenna radome

• For painting the antenna normally available commercial paints consisting of one or two components are suitable. Paints with metallic effects or metallic components are not permissible.


Nokia WCDMA MastHead Amplifier System


Why to use Mast Head Amplifier

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

0 2 4 6 8 10Feeder loss (dB)

Syst

em N

F (d

B)

Without MHA

With MHA

The curves have been derived by using Friis' formula for cascaded stages, with the following assumptions:

•Antenna filter unit WAFA Gain 18 dBNF 2.2 dB

•MHA for WCDMA Gain 12 dBNF 1.8 dB

1 dB improvement in system Noise Figure typically means 10 % less sites in uplink limited WCDMA network


Nokia WCDMA Dual MHA

Gain 12 dBNoise Figure 1.7 dB

Dimensions 230mm x 125mm x 115mmWeight 6 kg

Connectors 7-16 femaleSealing IP 65

Noise Figure is the max at room temp, max over operating temp is 1.9dB


Nokia WCDMA Mast Head Amplifier Features

• Considerable increase in system sensitivity, even with small cable losses (>1.5 dB)->bigger cells, less sites, higher indoor location probability

• Extends the battery life time of mobile terminals-due to increased sensitivity mobiles can transmit at lower power

•High reliability-Excellent MTBF (600 000 hours)

Third party MHAs tpically need an external Power Distribution Unit and cables, also alarms have to be routed through the external alarms interface


Nokia Mast Head Amplifier block diagram

RXin FILTER RXout FILTER

BTS

DC CURRENT

ANTENNA

TX FILTER

InternalBIAS TEE

BYPASS PATH

Current Sense, Bypass & Alarm Control Circuit

In case of MHA failure the signal is routed through the by-pass path, thus allowing the cell to operate (with degraded performance)


WCDMA Bias Tee

BTS port ANT portDC block(capacitor)

RF choke (inductor)

Broadband detectorslevel comparatorsalarm-sense logic

Lightning protection

Fwd. powercoupler

Rvrs. power coupler

DC pwr in

Alarm out

•Feeds the power to MHA through feeder line •Handles MHA and VSWR alarms

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) measurement is integrated in the WCDMA BiasT.

At the moment VSWR monitoring can be performed on TX antenna line only.

Pure Rx diversity antenna can not be monitored now - "Comparing RSSI (received signal strenght indication) Value" will do it in later software releases

The fixed VSWR thresholds are as follows:

VSWR 2.6 or lower: antenna operation OK

VSWR greater than 2.6: indicates antenna fault

An alarm is generated in case of antenna fault when VSWR threshold exceeded. -> alarm raised in the O&M system and the affected TRXs turned off.

VSWR is designed to detect major faults in antenna line, not to be a high accuracy measurement feature- Note a big RL difference between the antenna line with MHA (e.g.15 dB) and without MHA (e.g. 20 dB)!

- 'Call drop rate' and 'Handover success rate' are still good referencies to make sure antenna line is OK


Nokia Antenna Line


Nokia Antenna Line Products• Complete antenna line

with guaranteed performance

• Excellent IMD and return loss characteristics

• Capable of broadband operation

• With Nokia AntennaSystem Co-Siting products it is possible to combine different frequencies/BTSs into a single feeder

Nokia Antenna Line products are manufactured to meet demanding electrical and environmental specifications and they have been field proven in numerous networks around the world.

IMD= intemodulation distortion

Antenna line products cover all the relevant GSM/WCDMA frequencies.

Most products cover the frequency range of 800-2200MHz.

Co-siting products:

•Diplexers combine different frequency base station outputs into a single antenna cable

•900/1800MHz, 800/1900MHz, 900/WCDMA, 1800/WCDMA

•Triplexer 900/1800/WCDMA

•Multi-band DC stop for using Diplexer & MHA together applications with all diplexers and triplexer

•Multiband antennas with internal diplexers

•Hybrid Combiners combine same frequency base station outputs into a single antenna cable

•900 MHz

•900 MHz, 1800MHz Metrosite


Diplexers

WideBand diplexer (singe and double unit)• Lower Band = 800 to 1000 MHz • Upper Band = 1700 to 2170 MHz • DC pass function to MHA (1000mA)• IP 65• Compact, Lightweight

126 x 274 x 28 mm, 1.7 kg w/ mounting bracket

150 W avg.GSM1800 / WCDMA

250 W avg.GSM 900

Rated Power

-159dBcAny RX Band

Passive Intermodulation

21 dBReturn Loss

50 dBIsolation

0.3 dBInsertion loss

RF Performance


DiplexersGSM1800/WCDMA diplexer(single and double unit)• Lower Band = 1710 to 1880 MHz • Upper Band = 1920 to 2170 MHz • DC pass function to MHA (1000mA)• IP 65 • Compact design, 216 x 315 x 55 mm, 3.4kg

40 W avg.WCDMA

240 W avg.GSM 1800

Rated Power

-159 dBcAny RX Band


21 dBReturn Loss

50 dBIsolation


RF Performance


GSM 900 BTS WCDMA BTS

TriplexersGSM900/GSM1800/WCDMA Triplexer

• Used to combine base station TRXs of three different frequenciesto a single feeder cable

• Bands: Lower = 880 to 960 MHz Middle = 1710 to 1880 MHzUpper = 1920 to 2170 MHz

• DC pass function to MHA (1000mA)• IP 65 • Compact design, 251 x 318 x 60 mm, 4.8kg

40 W avg.WCDMA

240 W avg.GSM 900/1800

Rated Power

-159 dBcAny RX Band


21 dBReturn Loss

50 dBIsolation


RF Performance

GSM 1800 BTS


• Works together with Bias Tee to prevent the DC supplyto MHA from shorting to ground Via the antenna or base station output / input

• Installed on diplexer port which is not connected to a Bias Tee or the MHA

• Small compact design• Practical installation

• Reliable connection designed to withstand demanding environmental conditions, IP 65 design

DC Stop

Documents

06 - Bts Ovr Ran Sys _mod_new040303