07 - BTS Ovr RAN SYS -Transmiss_mod_new

1 © NOKIA 2001 RAN Transmission.ppt / BTS PCT

WCDMA BTS as Transmission Hub

Towards RNC

SiteSite

Site

Site

WCDMA BTS


Integrated & Stand-alone AXC

AXU IFU

IFU

IFU

IFU

IFU

• AXC (ATM Cross Connect) is the Integrated ATM Transmission Node of the Nokia WCDMA Basestationand a Stand-alone ATM Transmission Network Element. The Integrated AXC supported 4 IFU while S-AXC support 5 IFU. The S-AXC can be installed in a standard ETSI or 19-inch rack and co-located with the BTS

S-AXC needed:

• In Japan, providing at the RNC site interface conversion for the JT2 and STM-0 interfaces

- No JT2 and STM-0 interfaces are available for the RNC at the moment

• Provide additional slots for interface units at WCDMA BTS sites

- At some sites the available 5 slots for interface units in the BTS integrated AXC may not be sufficient

• A Hub for grooming/concentrating WCDMA traffic at a site without WCDMA BTS


AXU - ATM Cross Connect Unit-AXUA

Power moduleProcessor Module

LED

Ethernet

Q1 management

External clock 120 Ωor

External clock 75 Ω

• There are two AXU units available: AXUA and AXUB.

• AXUB provides the centralized AAL2 feature. It is enabled by the ATM Adaptation Module (AAM)

Performance:

• Switching Capacity: 1.2G

• Supported Simultaneous Connections: 1000 (with any mix of VP and VC)

• Supported ATM Service Categories: CBR, UBR

• Supported Cross-connection: Semi-Permanent Virtual Path Connection, Semi-Permanent Virtual Channel Connection


AXU - ATM Cross Connect Unit-AXUB

• AXUB provides the centralized AAL2 feature. It is enabled by the ATM Adaptation Module (AAM)

Performance:

• Switching Capacity: 1.2G

• Supported Simultaneous Connections: 1000 (with any mix of VP and VC)

• Supported ATM Service Categories: CBR, UBR

• Supported Cross-connection: Semi-Permanent Virtual Path Connection, Semi-Permanent Virtual Channel Connection


WCDMA BTS Transmission Connections

3 x Flexbusinterfaces

3XSTM-0/STM-13XOC-1/OC-3i

nterfaces

E1/JT1/JT2/T1interfaces

IFU UnitsFlexihopper

max. 16 x 2Mbits/s

Metrohoppermax. 4 x 2Mbits/s

NokiaGSM BasestationFlexbus

cable

DMC AltiumSTM-1(155 Mbits/s)

Optical Fiber,SDH equipment orATM Leased Lines

Fiber cable

Leased Lines orPDH/SDH equipment

GSM Basestations(Nokia and others)Copper

cable

BTS

IFU slots available:Ultrasite EDGE Triple-mode: 1Ultrasite WCDMA Supreme: 5Ultrasite WCDMA Optima: 3Metrosite WCDMA: 1

AXU IFU

IFU

IFU

IFU

IFU

AXC

AXU: ATM Cross Connection Unit. It houses an ATM Switch Fabric, the Local Management Port and clock distribution circuitry.

IFU: Interface Unit. Provides the physical connection to the outer world. It supports several types of interfaces and physical media.

• Minimum Configuration:- One ATM Cross Connect Unit, AXU- One Interface Unit, IFU (any IFU possible)

• Maximum Configuration:- One ATM Cross Connect Unit, AXU.- Five Interface Units, IFUs (any IFU and any combination of IFUs possible)

• Any combination of interfaces and interface units is possible with a very few limitations- Maximum switching capacity <1.2Gbit/s- Total amount of physical STM-1 interfaces < 15- Total amount of physical E1 interfaces <40- Up to 4 IMA groups per E1 IFU- Up to 8 IMA groups per Flexbus IFU- Between 2 and 8 E1 links per IMA group for E1 IFU- Between 2 and 16 E1 links per IMA group for Flexbus IFU


AXC Transmission Interface UnitsIFUA (IFU 8P1 balanced)

• 8 x E1/T1/JT1 interfaces (110 Ω / 120 Ω balanced TQ-connectors )

• with Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA)

• unstructured CES

• structured CES

• fractional Interface(E1/T1/JT1)

IFUB (IFU 4P2)

• 4 x JT2 interfaces(75 Ω BT-43 connectors)

• with IMA

IFUA

CES to map TDM traffic in TDM cells

• complete E1/T1/JT1 frame transported in ATM cells (unstructured)

• Fractional E1/T1/JT1, only TDM timeslots transported withinATM cells

CES is implemented in RAN 2.0(C2.0 for AXC)

IFUB

JT2: 4JT1(6.312M)

Fractional Interface(E1/T1/JT1)

each of the interfaces can be configured as

• ATM over full E1/T1/JT1

• fractional E1/T1/JT1 (timeslots not used byATM traffic could be filled up with TDM trafficby external cross-connections


AXC Transmission Interface UnitsIFUC (IFU3S)• 3 x SDH optical interfaces, which can be configured

independently as:

STM-0 (51.8 Mbit/s) or STM-1 (155.5 Mbit/s)OC-1(51.8 Mbit/s) or OC-3 (155.5 Mbit/s)

IFUD (IFU8P1 coaxial)• 8 x E1 interfaces

(75 Ω unbalanced BT 43-connectors )• IMA Supported• Unstructured CES• Structured CES• Fractional interface(E1)

IFU3S: 3 x SDH optical interfaces, which can be configured as (mixed configuration supported):

- STM-0 (VC-3 )Optical Intra-officeOptical Short-Haul

- STM-1 (VC-4,)As in STM-0

- OC-1 American SDH(American Standard)- OC-3 American SDH(American Standard)

STM-0 Physical Interface

Network elements:

RNC - 4 interfaces per plug-in-unit (Supported in RAN1.5)

BTS - 3 interfaces per IFU (Supported in RAN1)

OC-1 American SDH in RAN2.0

Bit rate: 51.84 Mbit/s

Used connector: optical, LC –type

ATM Mapped into VC-3,

STM-1 Physical Interface

Network elements:

RNC - 4 interfaces per plug-in-unit (Supported in RAN1.5)

BTS - 3 interfaces per IFU (Supported in RAN1)

Bit rate: 155.52 Mbit/s

Used connector: optical, LC –type

ATM Mapped into VC-4,


FLEXBUS Interface for Radios

FIU19"

BS Site

BTS

E1

BS Site

BTS

Flexbus(16 x 2M)

Flexbus(16 x 2M)

RAN1 Solution

RAN 1 Phase 1.5 solution:FIU19" removed, Flexbus IFU unit installed directly into the BTS

RAN1 Phase 1.5Solution

• RAN 1 Phase 1.5 / AXC Flexbus: For ETSI market, a Flexbus interface is introduced into AXC, enabling direct connection from WCDMA BTS to Nokia FlexiHopper or MetroHopperor Nokia GSM Basestations.

IFU3FB: 3 x Flexbus with IMA. Flexbus capacity up to 16 x E1.

- Connects Nokia microwave radio

- Interconnects Nokia GSM BTS

- Allows combination of 2G (TDM) and 3G (ATM) traffic with a granularity of E1

Flexbus Physical Interface

Network elements:

BTS - 3 interfaces per plug-in-unit

RNC site - Flexbus interface is implemented using Stand-alone AXC or FIU19" equipment

With Flexbus feature BTS connects directly to Nokia Flexi/Metro Hopper

Capacity: max. 16 x 2M (4 x 2M for MetroHopper)

ATM Mapped into n x E1s

ATM Inverse Multiplexing functionality (IMA) within one plug-in-unit

2M crossconnection within one plug-in-unit


IMA GroupE1/JT1

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

AXCIMA Group

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

NIP1

Inverse Multiplexing for ATM

Single ATM cell stream from ATM layer

Link # 0

Link # 1

Link # 2

Original ATM cell stream to ATM layer

IMA virtual link

TX direction cells distributed across links in round robin sequenceRX direction cells recombined into single ATM stream

• IMA allows the combining of several physical links (E1 or JT1, ) to one logical link

Maximum 8 IMA links per Group

Max 4 IMAGS on IFUA/D and 8 IMAGs on IFUE


RNC

WAM

WBTS

WAM

WAM

ATM Connection TableHW VPI VCI

x x x

VCI

x

VPI

x

HW

x

Term-1Term-1Term-1Term-1Term-1Term-1Term-1

1111111

33343536373839

Router AXC

NetAct

C-NBAPTCP/IP

D-NBAPUP

C-NBAPTCP/IP

UP

AAL2 sig

C-NBAPTCP/IP

D-NBAPUPUP

AAL2 sig

D-NBAPUPUP

AAL2 sig

AXU

50515253545556

5555555

Term-2Term-2Term-2Term-2Term-2Term-2Term-2

ATM VPCs

To other BTSs ATM VCCs

WCDMA BTS - RNC Connections

UP

UP

UP

AXC Features

• Virtual Path (VP) & Virtual Channel (VC) ATM Cross Connect

• Supports different Transmission Network Topologies like Star, Chain, Tree

• Fully compatible with existing underlying transmission technologies PDH and SDH- Present TDM networks can be used- Existing spare capacity can be used- Existing investments can be preserved- Minimize initial UMTS investments

• Fully compatible with existing ATM transmission networks (if any)

• Supports 3G-PP, Japanese and ETSI/ITU standards.

• Provides Up-to-Date WEB-based Management.

• Switching capacity up to 1.2Gbit/s

• Up to 1000 simultaneous connections

• Supports UNI/NNI format at ATM layer

• Support of different QoS Categories like CBR.1, UBR.1 ,UTR.2 etc.

• Traffic Management Function:

• Connection Admission Control

• Usage Parameter Control

• Traffic Shaping for CBR&UBR connections

• Support of OAM flows

• This picture is only for a example and the real situation will be different according to project


Iub cross connections in AXC

AXUIFUxslot 2if 1

STM-1 or E1 CIF 1

VCI 120

VPI 1

VCI 56

BTS

WAM 1-0

VCI 72

VCI 40

AXC

VCI 36

VPI 0

CNBAP

AAL2UP

VCI 33

VCI 34

VCI 35

Name ATM interface VPI VP PCR [cells/s]

VCI VC PCR [cells/s]

ATM Interface VPI VP PCR [cells/s]

VCI VC PCR [cells/s]

Service Category

CNBAP CIF 1 0 58726 33 300 Unit 2 Interface 1 1 4528 56 300 CBRDNBAP CIF 1 0 58726 34 150 Unit 2 Interface 1 1 4528 72 150 CBR

AAL2SIG CIF 1 0 58726 35 150 Unit 2 Interface 1 1 4528 40 150 CBRAAL2UP CIF 1 0 58726 36 3618 Unit 2 Interface 1 1 4528 120 3618 CBR

DNBAP

AAL2SIG


SARRNC

CNBAP

DNBAP

AAL2SIG

AAL2UP

Virtual Channels between RNC and BTS

AXUIFU

CIF-1

BTS

WAM

CNBA

P

DNBA

P

AAL2

SIG

AAL2

UP

STM-1or E1 (IMA)

VC cross connections

C-NBAP, connected to telecom master WAM. Uses AAL5adaptation and QoS is CBR.

D-NBAP, connected to each WAM. Uses AAL5 adaptation and QoS is CBR.

AAL2SIG, connected to each WAM. Uses AAL5 adaptation and QoS is CBR.

AAL2UP, 1-3 User Plane VC’s per WAM. Uses AAL2 adaptation and QoS is CBR.

O&M (DCN), connected to SAR device in AXC. Uses AAL5adaptation and QoS class is UBR.

O&M VPI 0 (DCN to BTS)

VPI 1 (Iub to BTS)

O&

M


AXC Transmission Example

RNC

3G-SGSN

ATMModule

MSC

RNC

WCDMABTS

WCDMABTS

WCDMABTS

WCDMABTS

S-AXC

S-AXC

IMA(nXE1)STM-1

STM-1STM-1

STM-1STM-1

STM-1

Common MSC / RNC / GPRS Site

IubIurIu-csIu-ps

S-AXCAXU 8 x E1

8 x E18 x E18 x E1

3 x STM-1

Hub Site

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

IMA(nXE1)

STM-1


ATMNokiaUltraSiteWDCMA

BTS

GSMBTS

IubAbis

PDH/SDHNokiaUltraSiteWDCMA

BTS

GSMBTS

IubAbis Share PDH/ SDH Capacity

(RAN1 Phase 1: n x 2M)

(RAN1 Phase 1.5: n x 64k Fractional E1 if)

Share ATM Capacity

RAN2.0 (Unstructed & Structed

Circuit Circuit Emulation)

Both options supported

Combining WCDMA and GSM traffic

TDM

Using external PDH and SDH equipment to Add and Drop different traffic interface(E1,STM-1,T1,…)Nokia's Metrohub, DN2 or the GSM BTS DTRU/TRUA can perform these required cross-connections

ATM traffic starts always with TS1 to TSn and then TSn+1 for TDM. For changing TS a 64 cross-connect necessaryAdvantage: existing GSM traffic does not have to be disturbed.

ATM

Using Circuit Emulation Service to add GSM (TDM) traffic to WCDMA (ATM) trafficDisadvantage: GSM transmission has to be interrupted before connecting it to the WCDMA transmission


Common TDM transport for GSM and UMTS traffic

RNC

BSC

ETCOMMONTRANSPORTON MICROWAVE

n x E1 or FB from 3G BTS

GSM BTSTRX

TRX

TRX

WSP WSP WSP

3G BTS AXC

...WAM

WSP WSP WSP...WAM

TRUA

IFU

E1 for GSM BTSTRX

TRX

TRX RRIC

Metrohub

n x E1 from 3G BTS

ATMSWITCHIFU


Common ATM transport for GSM and UMTS traffic

RNC

BSC

ETCOMMONTRANSPORTON MICROWAVE

FB from 3G BTS

GSM BTSTRX

TRX

TRX

WSP WSP WSP

3G BTS AXC

...WAM

WSP WSP WSP...WAM

TRUA

IFU

n x E1 or FB for GSM BTSTRX

TRX

TRX RRI

Stand-aloneAXC

ATMSWITCHIFU


TDM links with Fractional PDH interface• Physical link can be Fibre, Microwave, leased service, ...• BTS site:

•WCDMA BTS connected to GSM Abis•WCDMA BTS supports ATM over Fractional Interface(E1/T1/JT1)

• BSC/RNC site:•TDM traffic (GSM + WCDMA) separated by TDM cross-connect Hub•Possible, not earlier groomed, Fractional E1 traffic is terminated with a standalone AXC

GSM BTS

WCDMA BTS

TDM link (PDH/SDH)HUB BSC

RNC

Combined Abis and Iub

TDM crossconnect function (n x 64 kbits/s)

Fractional E1 (partly filled) (n x 64 kbits/s)

Fractional E1

Fractional E1

Full E1 Full E1


Circuit Emulation Service

BTS

WCDMABTS

CES = Circuit Emulation Service

AXC

StdIF

AXC

StdIF

Notes:

1. The link between BTS and BS can be one or more E1/T1 connections. Any of them can be fractional or full E1/T1 frames. Circuit Emulation is using AAL1 conversion and CBR QoS class.

2. At the RNC site shall be a CES Interworking Function which shall be implementedby a standalone AXC.

There can be severalAXC's in the access networkalong the route

This connection can be- one standard E1/T1, also fractional possible- several E1/T1's, also fractional- Flexbus containing E1's as above

RNC/BSC siteBTS/BS site

StdIF

TDMATM

CES byAAL1

RNCAXC

StdIF

BSCStdIF

N

StdIF

CES

Standalone

N x

E1/

T1

Two alternatives:

- Unstructured service is intended to emulate a point-to-point E1 circuit

- Structured service is intended to emulate a point-to-point Fractional E1 circuit

Fully synchronous service because of UMTS requirements

No Statistical Multiplexing Gain because of its CBR nature

Unstructured circuit emulation service might be used to perform E1 TDM cross connection within AXC, e.g. from one E1 to Flexbus and vice versa


BTS AAL2 multiplexingRAN architecture

WAM

AAL2TP 1

AAL2TP 2

WAM

AAL2TP 1

AAL2TP 2

WAM

AAL2TP 1

AAL2TP 2

AXC

SECTOR 3

SECTOR 2

SECTOR 1

BS

RNC

Each WAM AAL2 TP can handle up to 1.5M

VPCAAL2

VCC

6

5

4

3

2

1

This is Ran2.0 and AXC 2.0 feature.

BTS AAL2 Multiplexing enables higher statistical multiplexing gain at AAL2 layer

The expected Iub transmission capacity savings are 10-20 % or more

Less AAL2 VCCs in the Iub to be configured

AAL2 connections from several BTS AAL2 Termination Points (TPs) are multiplexed into a single AAL2-VCC between RNC and BTS

Introduces a new BTS AAL2 Multiplexing Module (AAM) in BTS site. AAM is a HW module that is attached to the BTS/ AXC ATM switch unit AXU


Interface Protection MSP 1:1 for SDH

• Protects against interface failures between SDH and and either BTS or RNC• For path protection, use other SDH features (e.g. SNCP Subnetwork

Protection

Site

Protectingli k

Link inti

Operating STM-0/VC-3 or STM-1/VC-4i t fProtecting Interface (at the same IFU or differentIFU)

Configuration:

SDHADM

SDH Network- SDH path protection

ie.g.SNCP- e.g. 2M, VC-3 or VC-

4protectedti

Fibre

Fibre

SNCP : Subnetwork ConnectionP t tiSDH ADM : SDH Add-dropM lti l

Nokia AXC features protection mechanisms, which enable to maintain the transmission service in the event of failure:

Redundancy protection (featured in Ran2.1, C2.1):

Two AXU will be installed. One in the first slot, the other in the last slot.

Interface protection:

• IFUE: FB 1 and FB 2 can protect each other (featured in C1.7)

• FUC: Multiple Section Protection (MSP) 1:1 for STM-1/STM-0/OC-3/OC-1against equipment failures (at the interface), against point-to-point link failures(featured in C2.0)

Documents

07 - BTS Ovr RAN SYS -Transmiss_mod_new