04-T1. Assignement 1 - DISI, University of Trentodisi.unitn.it/~dalpiaz/ois/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=04-t1-zachman.pdf · 04-T1. Assignement 1 Zachman fwk ... Describe the organization

© F. Dalpiaz & J. Mylopoulos -- OIS 2011-12 Slide 1

04-T1. Assignement 1Zachman fwk, class diagram, ECA rules


Assignment 1: outline

Choose an existing or a new organization

Describe it textually (Zachman, row 1)

Model the organization (Zachman, row 2)

Create a report about your analysis (rows 1 & 2)


Assignment 1

● Step 1. Choose an existing or a new organization; for example,● DISI● a new company you want to make that sells website services

(creates, re-designs, maintains websites)● a new mobile communication network provider

If it is a large organization (e.g., hundreds of employees / stakeholders) you may want to focus on some part of the organization. For example, for DISI, you may want to focus on the PhD programme

TODO: Choose team-mate and send a 15-20 lines description to [email protected] within March, 12th

mailto:[email protected]


Assignment 1

● Step 2. Present the organization to the class (March, 14th)● Presentation to the class (max 10 minutes, 2-3 slides)● What to present?

– An overview of the organization (sector, size, location, …)– Specific features (that make it different from competitors!)– Hypothetical plans about the future of the organization

Why this step?

Get feedback from class and instructor!


Assignment 1

● Step 3. Describe the organization in natural language (English/Italian). Use the Zachman framework to determine what to model. Focus on row 1 of the Zachman table (Scope)

● Step 4. Identify objects (such as products and important objects in the domain) as well as time constraints:

● Model objects in terms of class diagrams ● Model time constraints as ECA rules


Assignment 1

● Step 5. Identify actors (agents, positions, roles) and define for them role, partOf and authority hierarchies

● Model: organizational chart (suggested: i* or ADONIS)

● Step 6. For important actors in the organization, identify their goals and interdependencies

● Model: i* dependency and rationale diagrams

● Step 7. Identify business processes through which the organization delivers services and conducts its business. Model at least two of them;

● Model: BPMN / ADONIS

Tuto

rial 2

Tuto

rial 3


Assignment 1

● Step 8. Report on your problem, models and analysis.

DEADLINE (strict):

April, 20th


Step 1-2

● HSD is a hardware/software wholesaler established in 1998 ● The company started as a small enterprise (2 associates and 3

employees) and has grown to become medium sized (80 employees)● HSD targets European retailers of any size, from small computer

shops to large electronics chains. Supplies are bought from Taiwan● HSD aims wantsto provide high quality products to retailers and

ensure very competitive prices. In order to do so, it buys goods from producers. The success of HSD is also due to efficient logistics based on just-in-time policies

● Future plans: the management wants now to target end users as well


The Zachman frameworkFocus of A1


Step 3: Contextual view

● (Why) Goal List: primary high level organizational goals● (How) Process List: list of all known processes● (What) Material List: list of all known organizational entities● (Who) Organizational Unit & Role List: list of all organization

units, sub-units, and identified roles● (Where) Geographical Locations List: locations important to

organization; can be large and small● (When) Event List: list of triggers and cycles important to

organization


(Who) Organizational Units & Roles

● Organizational units:● Purchase department● Sales department● Logistics department

● Roles:● Supplier● Customer● Sales agent● Supplies manager● Website developer

● Sales campaign manager● Complaints responsible● Warehouseman● Shipper● Bank● ...


Why/Goal List

● Supplier: sell produced goods, expand market

● Customer: purchase hardware/software, quick delivery of supplies, low cost, free shipping

● Salesman: find new customers, increase own salary, customers satisfaction

● Supplies manager: find cheap and reliable providers, check on-time delivery, prevent products unavailability

● Warehouseman: earn salary, place items in warehouse

● Website developer: develop easy-to-use website, attract online customer, check concurrent websites

● ...


(How) Process List

● Verify whether orders are fulfillable● Define “low-cost guarantee” sales campaigns● Sell and ship products to retailer● Buy product from manufacturer● Hardware warehousing ● Attract new customers via salesagents● ...


(What) Material List

● Goods● Hardware: producer, model, technical features● Software: SW house, name, version, description

● Invoice

● Order

● Supplier: name, address, country, rating

● Bank account: rates, amount, bank ID

● Website

● Warehouse: layout, slots availability, ...

● ...


(When) Event List

● Suppliers promote new products● An order is shipped● Warehouse is almost full● An order cannot be fulfilled● Market share decreases● ...


(When) Event List

● Suppliers promote new products● An order is shipped● Warehouse is almost full● An order cannot be fulfilled● Market share decreases● ...


(Where) Geographical Locations List

● Suppliers factory● Warehouse● Website ● Order management information system● Customer retailers● ...


Steps 4-7: Conceptual view

● Motivation/Why: Policies, procedures and standards for each process [i* goal model]

● Function/How: Business processes [BPMN / ADONIS]● Data/What: Business data [class diagram]● People/Who: Roles and responsibilities in each process [i* +

BPMN / ADONIS]● Time/When: Events for each process and sequencing of

integration and process improvements [ECA rules]● Network/Where: Locations related to each process [class

diagram] → Not required in A2


Step 4a: Identify objects

● Model and describe the WHAT column of the first row of the Zachman framework

● Use an UML class diagramClass

Specialization

Association

Composition

Aggregation


Class diagrams: tips

● Use classes to represent entities● Use attributes to describe entity properties● Use association to link two classes via a generic relation● Model part-whole class relations

● aggregation if the part can exist without the whole● composition if the part cannot exist without the whole

● Use specialization to relate generic entities to more specific ones


Class diagram for HSD


Step 4b: “When?”

● It is crucial to define when things should happen!● e.g. when should an activity be executed?

● ECA Rules tie together events and actions● Event: the signal that triggers the rule● Condition: if evaluates to true, the rule applies● Action: something to perform

● Semantics: ● “if the event happens and the condition is true, then the action must be

performed”


ECA rules via business processes

● Business process models inherently support ECA rules● As they are state machines!

● How?● Events can be associated to transitions: if the event happen, the

transition is triggered● The condition is represented by the activity the transition starts from● The action is the activity the transition ends to

● Transitions might be triggerless (the event is the completion of the source activity)


ECA rules: example

ordershippedto(o,c)

[o.invoice > 1000€]

feedbackprovided(c,o) within 2 days

Ship order

Requestfeedback

Notify logistics

[status= customer out]

[status=wrong address]

[status=shipped]

...

[invoice >1000€]

Documents

04-T1. Assignement 1 - DISI, University of Trentodisi.unitn.it/~dalpiaz/ois/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=04-t1-zachman.pdf · 04-T1. Assignement 1 Zachman fwk ... Describe the organization