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Product Description of TCSM2A

and TCSM2E

dn02208557Issue 2-1 en

# Nokia CorporationNokia Proprietary and Confidential

1 (87)

2003353

Nokia BSC/TCSM S11.5 ProductDocumentation

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The information in this documentation is subject to change without notice and describes only theproduct defined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for theuse of Nokia's customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the documentationis submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means without theprior written permission of Nokia. The documentation has been prepared to be used byprofessional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility whenusing it. Nokia welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous developmentand improvement of the documentation.

The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding butshall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia and the customer. However, Nokia hasmade all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the documentation areadequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia will, if necessary, explain issueswhich may not be covered by the documentation.

Nokia's liability for any errors in the documentation is limited to the documentary correction of errors. NOKIA WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THISDOCUMENTATION OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL(INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this documentation or the

information in it.

This documentation and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrightaccording to the applicable laws.

NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.

Other product names mentioned in this documentation may be trademarks of their respectivecompanies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright © Nokia Corporation 2005. All rights reserved.

2 (87) # Nokia CorporationNokia Proprietary and Confidential


Product Description of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

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Contents

Contents 3

List of tables 5

List of figures 6

Summary of changes 7

1 Overview of Product Description for TCSM2A and TCSM2E 91.1 Use of the terms TCSM2, TCSM2A and TCSM2E 101.2 Your comments 10

2 Introduction to TCSM2 applications and configurations 11

3 Functional description of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 15

4 Architecture of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 194.1 TCSM2A 194.2 TCSM2E 214.3 Descriptions of the plug-in units 234.4 Synchronisation 244.5 TRCO - TR communication links 254.5.1 TRCO TR12-T 254.5.2 TRCO TR16-S 264.5.3 TRCO - ET communication links 274.6 Timeslot allocation for TCSM2A 284.7 Timeslot allocation for TCSM2E 394.8 TRAU operating modes 54

5 Interfaces of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 57

6 Confi gurations, capacity, and performance of TCSM2A andTCSM2E 61

6.1 Rack capacity of TCSM2A 636.2 Rack capacity of TCSM2E 646.3 Performance 66

7 Reliability of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 67

8 Software of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 69

9 Hardware model and power supply of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 719.1 Plug-in units 719.2 Cartridges 719.3 Rack (R198A-S/R198A-T) 749.4 Applicable NEBS3 compliance (optional) 759.5 Structure of the power supply 759.6 Power consumption 76



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Contents

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10 Operation of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 7910.1 Access control of the MMI terminal interface 7910.2 Supervision 8010.3 Diagnostics 82

10.4 Administration and reconfiguration status 8210.5 Statistics 83

11 Operating environment of TCSM2A and TCSM2E 8511.1 Equipment room 8511.2 Environmental conditions 86




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List of tables

Table 1. Circuit types supported by the TCSM2A 28

Table 2. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface in the case of 16 kbit/sTRAU frame submultiplexing 29

Table 3. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface in the case of 8 kbit/sTRAU frame submultiplexing 30

Table 4. Channel allocation for circuit type D on the Ater-interface 32

Table 5. Channel allocation for circuit type E on the Ater-interface 33

Table 6. Mixed allocations 35



Table 9. Circuit types supported by TCSM2E 40

Table 10. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 16 kbit/s TRAUframe submultiplexing (64 kbit/s switching network in the BSC) 41

Table 11. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 16 kbit/s TRAUframe submultiplexing 42

Table 12. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 8 kbit/s TRAUframe submultiplexing 44

Table 13. Channel allocation for circuit type D on the Ater-interface 46

Table 14. Channel allocation of circuit type E on the Ater-interface 47




Table 18. TCSM2A capacity 64

Table 19. TCSM2E capacity 65

Table 20. Reliability figures, worst case (half rate configuration) 67

Table 21. Maximum consumption for a normal TCSM2A application 77

Table 22. Maximum consumptions for a normal TCSM2E application 77



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List of tables

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List of figures

Figure 1. The operating environment of the TCSM2A 12

Figure 2. The operating environment of the TCSM2E 13

Figure 3. TCSM2A block diagram 20

Figure 4. TCSM2E block diagram 22

Figure 5. Equipping of the TC2E rack 62

Figure 6. TC1C cartridge in the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E applications 72

Figure 7. Equipping of ET1TC in the TCSM2A application 73

Figure 8. Equipping of ET1TC in the TCSM2E application 74

Figure 9. Power feeding principle 76

Figure 10. Typical floor layout for the TCSM2A and for the TCSM2E racks 86




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Summary of changes

Summary of changes

Changes between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document

issue contains all changes made to previous issues.

Changes made between issues 2-1 and 2-0

Information on the TCSM2A-C removed.

Minor editorial changes made.

Abbreviation GSWB removed.

Changes made between Issues 2-0 and 1-0

Editorial changes made; no contents changes.

Issue 1-0

This is the first issue of the document.



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Summary of changes

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1 Overview of Product Description for

TCSM2A and TCSM2E

The Product Description for TCSM2A and TCSM2E describes the Nokia DX

200 Transcoder and Submultiplexer (TCSM2A and TCSM2E) equipment,

functions, architecture, interfaces, and configurations in the following Sections:

. Introduction to TCSM2 applications and configurations

. Functional description of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Architecture of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Interfaces of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Configurations, capacity, and performance

. Reliability of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Software of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Hardware model and power supply of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Operation of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

. Operating environment of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

Note

This document applies to both ANSI and ETSI environment unless otherwise

stated.



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1.1 Use of the terms TCSM2, TCSM2A and TCSM2E

The TCSM2 is the general term for the second generation Transcoder and

Submultiplexer equipment. TCSM2A stands for the ANSI (US) version andTCSM2E for the ETSI (European) version of the transcoder.

TCSM2A and TCSME are used in two ways:

. The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E units: The units (group of cartridges and

their plug-in units) are responsible for transcoding and submultiplexing the

traffic channels carried by a single PCM (T1 or E1) circuit between the

BSC and the transcoding site.

. The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E equipment: The assembly of racks

housing the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E units of one or more BSCs.

The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E units are functional units of the BSC, but they

can be physically located either at the BSC or the MSC site.

1.2 Your comments

We are always interested whether our manuals provide the information you need.

If you have any comments about this document or any other Nokia manual,

please inform your local Nokia sales representative.




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2 Introduction to TCSM2 applications and

configurations

For a general introduction, see Overview of Product Description for TCSM2A and

TCSM2E.

Applications

The Nokia DX 200 Second Generation Transcoder and Submultiplexer

(TCSM2A and TCSM2E) provides transcoding for traffic channels in the

GSM900/GSM1800/GSM1900 digital cellular network. This function is located

in the Base Station Subsystem (BSS). The TCSM2A and TCSM2E are used with

the Nokia GSM/EDGE BSC and the Nokia Base Transceiver Station (BTS).

TCSM2A applications may exist with cellular network based on DCS 1800

system instead of GSM/PCS 1900, even if the transmission interfaces are of the

T1 type.

Each TCSM2A and TCSM2E serves up to seven PCM (MSC side) trunks. The

number of TCSM2A and TCSM2E units serving a particular BSC is determined

by the capacity of the BSC.

The TCSM2E and TCSM2A units are functional units of the BSC, but can be

located either at the BSC or MSC site. When they are located at the MSC site,

transmission capacity between the BSC and the MSC is saved, because the signal

is transmitted up to the MSC in transcoded form.

Operating environment of the TCSM2A and TCSM2E

The figures below show the operating environments of the TCSM2A and theTCSM2E. The major telecommunication interfaces are the A-interface towards

the MSC and the Ater-interface towards the BSC.



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Figure 1. The operating environment of the TCSM2A

T1

T1

T1

T1

DN9833491

TCSM2AEQUIPMENT

MSC

TCSM2AUNIT

Ater interface

Ainterface

TCSM2AUNIT

BSC

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0

T1

0




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Figure 2. The operating environment of the TCSM2E

TCSM2EEQUIPMENT

MSC

TCSM2EUNIT

Ater interface

A

interface

TCSM2EUNIT

DN9832702

BSC

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

E1

E1

0

0



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3 Functional description of TCSM2A and

TCSM2E

The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E are specifically designed to be used in a cellular

network. Attention has been paid to important aspects for the network operator, as

listed below.

For a general introduction, see Overview of Product Description of TCSM2A and

TCSM2E .

Easy to engineer

. hardware is dimensioned modularly according to capacity demand

. equipment can be installed at an MSC site or a BSC site

. compact structure requires minimal floor space

. power consumption per traffic channel is low.

Easy to install and update

. installation effort is minimised by the pre-installed rack structure and

simple cabling

. self test capability

. software is downloadable from the BSC or local PC

. configuration files are uploadable and downloadable to/from local PC

. hardware updating is made easy by the use of field programmable circuits

and built-in programming interfaces

. hardware versions and interchangeability codes are electronically readable

via MMI.

Low operating costs

. terrestrial transmission costs are minimised by submultiplexed traffic

channels.



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Reliable in operation

. software and data are secured by flash memories

.

high availability

. high fault localisation accuracy.

Features

. Full Rate (FR), Half Rate (HR), Enhanced Full Rate (EFR), and Adaptive

Multirate (AMR) speech codecs available

. Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC)

. 14.4 kbit/s data rate

. High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) capability

. Noise Suppression (NS)

. Tandem Free Operation (TFO).

Future considerations

. easy upgrading for future transcoding improvements

. high performance DSP technology.

Advanced O&M

. central supervision via the BSC

. central configuration management via the BSC.

Description of functions

Each traffic channel block of the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E is a Transcoding

and Rate Adaptation unit (TRAU). The TRAU converts the 64 kbit/s traffic

channels arriving from the MSC into 8 kbit/s, 16 kbit/s, 32 kbit/s, or 64 kbit/s

channels and multiplexes these channels to fit the PCM line timeslots going

towards the BSC. The same principle also applies to the other direction (BSC toMSC) in reverse (that is, conversion from 8, 16, 32, or 64 kbit/s to 64 kbit/s).

A TCSM2A unit can handle up to seven T1 lines (DS-1) of the MSC.

A TCSM2E unit can handle up to seven PCM trunks (2048kbit\s) of the MSC.

The operation and maintenance functions of the TCSM2A and TCSM2E are co-

ordinated using the BSC.




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The telecommunication functions of the TCSM2A and TCSM2E are listed

below:

. transcoding and rate adaptation of traffic channels carried between the BTS

and the TRAU

. submultiplexing of 8, 16, 32, and 64 kbit/s capacity TRAU frame channels

onto 64 kbit/s timeslots

. through-connection of entire selected timeslots

. providing interface functions for the PCM lines

. receiving clock synchronisation from the MSC-direction T1 lines or PCM

lines and being part of the synchronisation chain extending down to the

BTSs.



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4 Architecture of TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

4.1 TCSM2A

The TCSM2A units are independent of each other, even though they are located

in the same rack.

The TCSM2A unit consists of four main blocks (block diagram is presented in

the figure below):

. the controller plug-in unit, TRCO

. up to 14 transcoder plug-in units, TR12-T

. the PSC1 or PSC1-S plug-in unit that supplies the +5 V and -5 V operatingvoltages to the TRCO and TR12-Ts

. up to four ET2A plug-in units

The TRCO incorporates a microcomputer that controls and supervises the

operation of the TCSM2A.

The TRAU functions (12 channels) are performed by 12 DSPs in the TR12-T

unit.

Note

For the sake of brevity, the term ET2E is often used in this document to refer to

ET2E/ET2E-S/ET2E-T, ET2E-C/ET2E-SC/ET2E-TC; likewise, the term ET2A is

often used in this document to refer to ET2A/ET2A-T.



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The TCSM2A has seven PCM line interfaces towards the MSC and one T1 line

interface towards the BSC. The functions related to the T1 line interfaces are

handled by the ET2A plug-in unit (two T1 interfaces per unit).

The details and abbreviations related to the figures below are explained in the

subsequent sections.

Figure 3. TCSM2A block diagram

TCSM2A

PSC1

UB

+5V

V.24

ESO

ESI

LI

LAPD

CPU

186

TRCO

RAM

PROM

FLASH

TRUNK

TIMINGBLOCK

LI

VDU

ESO

ESI

01ET2A

0 Ater (BSC)

A

(MSC)

TRCI SUBA TRI CLOCKS

1

TR12-T

10

13

TR12-T

2

5

TR12-T

0

23ET2A

1

45ET2A

2

67ET2A

3

DN9833519




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4.2 TCSM2E

TCSM2E units function independently of each other, even though they are

located in the same rack.

A TCSM2E block diagram is presented in the figure below.

The TCSM2E unit consists of four main blocks:

. Transcoder Controller plug-in units (TRCO)

. up to 14 Transcoder plug-in units (TR16-S)

. The Power Supply plug-in unit (PSC1 or PSC1-S) that supplies the +5 V

and -5 V operating voltages to the TRCO and TR16-Ss

. Exchange Terminal plug-in units (ET2E/ET2E-S/ET2E-T, ET2E-C/ET2E-

SC/ET2E-TC)

Note


ET2E/ET2E-S/ET2E-T, ET2E-C/ET2E-SC/ET2E-TC.

The TRCO incorporates a microcomputer that controls and supervises the

operation of the TCSM2E.

The TRAU functions (16 channels) are performed by 16 DSPs in the TR16-S

unit.

The TCSM2E has seven PCM line interfaces towards the MSC and one PCM line

interface towards the BSC. The functions related to the line interfaces are handled

by the ET2E plug-in unit (two PCM interfaces per unit).

The details and abbreviations related to the figure shown below are explained in

the subsequent sections.



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Figure 4. TCSM2E block diagram

TCSM2E

PSC1

UB

+5V

V.24

ESO

ESI

LI

LAPD

CPU186

TRCO

RAM

PROM

FLASH

TRUNK

TIMING

BLOCK

LI

VDU

ESO

ESI

01ET2E

0 Ater (BSC)

A

(MSC)

TRCI SUBA TRI CLOCKS

1

TR16-S

10

13

TR16-S

2

5

TR16-S

0

23ET2E

1

45ET2E

2

67ET2E

3

DN9832917




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4.3 Descriptions of the plug-in units

Note




Transcoder Controller plug-in unit (TRCO)

The TRCO plug-in unit controls the overall TCSM2A and TCSM2E functions. It

provides a path for the trunk signals to the ET2A/ET2E, and TR12-T plug-in

units (TCSM2A) or to the ET2E and TR16 S plug-in units (TCSM2E). These

internal trunk signals are called Transcoder Interface (TRI) and Line Interface

(LI) signals. They have a bit rate of 4096 kbit/s and fill the timeslots of two PCM

trunks.

The BSC controls the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E units over the LAPD O&M

link. Local intervention is possible using a local terminal attached to the front

panel of the TRCO.

The TRCO includes five LAPD functions, four of which control the ET2A/ET2E

plug-in units and one of which communicates with the BSC.

The TRCO incorporates an 80186EB processor, with the proprietary Pectus

operating system and FLASH, PROM, and RAM.

Exchange Terminal plug-in unit (ET2A)

The ET2A plug-in unit has two DS-1 ports. The ports of the first ET2As are

shared, so that the first DS-1 port takes care of the BSC direction and the second

of the MSC direction.

The ET2A unit takes care of the conversion between the bit rates 1544 kbit/s and

2048 kbit/s (or 4096 kbit/s, which is the bit rate of the interface signals inside theTCSM2).

The internal O&M signals between the TRCO and each ET2E are carried over a

dedicated timeslot of the LI signal.

The ET2A incorporates an 80188 processor with the proprietary Pectus operating

system. This processor is the common control unit for both of the DS-1 ports.



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Exchange Terminal plug-in unit (ET2E)

The ET2E plug-in unit is used both in the TCSM2E applications. In the

TCSM2E, each ET2E plug-in unit has two PCM line interfaces. The PCM

interfaces of the first ET2E (0 and 1) take care of the BSC and MSC direction,

respectively.

The internal O&M signals between the TRCO and each ET2E are carried over a

dedicated timeslot of the LI signal.

The ET2E incorporates an 80188 processor with the proprietary Pectus operating

system. This processor is the common control unit for both of the E1 ports.

Transcoder plug-in unit (TR12-T and TR16-S)

Traffic channels and through-connected timeslots are handled by the TR12-T andthe TR16 S plug-in units.

Each TRAU block has one Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which performs the

transcoding and rate adaptation functions in both transmission directions. A DSP

can alternatively perform the switching-through of a 64 kbit/s timeslot between

the BSC side and MSC side T1 lines.

The DSP is a fixed-point processor with 40 MIPS capacity. It has five Kwords of

internal RAM and an address space of 64 Kwords for program and data memory.

The TR16-S unit is similar to the TR12-T, except for the case when it has 16DSPs.

Power Supply plug-in unit (PSC1)

The PSC1 is the power supply unit of the TC1C cartridge. Its power feeding

capacity is +5 V / 24 A and -5 V / 7.5 A.

Another power supply variant is the PSC1-S. It can deliver +5 V / 40 A and -5 V /

7.5 A. Possible use of this variant is subject to future product enhancements.

4.4 Synchronisation

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The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E units support hierarchical synchronisation of the

BSS. The units are synchronised to one of the MSC side T1/E1 or PCM line

signal inputs or to an external 1544 kHz or 2048 kHz clock (a multiple of 4 kHz

between 8 and 8192 kHz), via the External Synchronisation Input (ESI). The unit supervises the incoming T1/E1 signals and, if an error is found, the signal is

rejected and synchronisation is taken from another signal. The TRCO provides a

2048 kHz clock output (ESO) for measurement purposes (no line coding).

The T1/E1 signal outputs and TRCO - TR12-T internal 4096 kbit/s data signals,

the PCM line signal outputs and TRCO - TR16-S internal 4096 kbit/s data signals

are bit and frame synchronised to the master clock. Due to elastic buffers, the

received T1/E1 or PCM signal frame phase can be arbitrary (for a slip-free

operation, however, the average bit rate must be the same as the master clock in

the TRCO). The incoming data is clock-buffered in the ET2A/ET2E plug-in unit.

The BSC synchronises one of its TCSM2As or TCSM2Es, and the return T1/E1

or PCM signals from the BSC thus have the same average frequency, and slip-

free operation is possible also in the BSC to MSC direction.

The synchronisation source is automatically changed under the following

circumstances:

. incoming signal is missing

. frequency of incoming signal is out of limits

.

incoming signal is an Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)

. frame synchronisation is lost

. CRC multi-frame alignment is lost (concerns the TCSM2E)

. T1/E1 or PCM line loop-back is active (back to the equipment).

4.5 TRCO - TR communication links

The connections between the TRCO and the TR12-T and between the TRCO andthe TR16-S (the TCSM2E) are presented in the sections below.

4.5.1 TRCO TR12-T

The connections between TRCO and TR12-T are presented below.



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Transcoder Interfaces (TRI)

Four TRI serial interface buses transfer the signals of the traffic channels and

through-connected timeslots between the TRCO and the TR12-Ts at a bit rate of

4096 kbit/s. Each TRI signal thus carries two 2048 kbit/s signals.

The interfaces are synchronised to the master 8192 kHz and 8 kHz clock signals

of the TRCO. The buses are driven by asymmetric driver circuits.

Transcoder Control Interface (TRCI)

The TRCI is a bi-directional internal bus. The bus transfers the control messages

(such as the operating mode settings) and supervision messages (such as alarms)

between the TRCO and the TR12-T plug-in units, as well as the program code of

the TR12-T units.

The TRCI is made up of three parts: an address, an 8-bit data part and a control

part. The TRCO is the master, while the TR12-Ts are slaves on the bus. The bus

signals are driven by asymmetric driver circuits.

Via this bus, the TRCO verifies that the TR12-T obeys the SUBA bus data

switching commands, thereby securing the SUBA and TRCI bus functions.

Submultiplexing Address bus (SUBA)

The SUBA bus is a unidirectional 8-bit parallel bus. Via this bus, the TRCO

controls the traffic channel routing function of each DSP, in each TR12-T unit, inreal time. The bus signals are driven by asymmetric driver circuits.

4.5.2 TRCO TR16-S

The connections between TRCO and TR12-S (in TCSM2E) are presented below.

Transcoder Interfaces (TRI)

Four TRI serial interface buses transfer the signals of the traffic channels and

through-connected timeslots between the TRCO and the TR16-Ss at a bit rate of

4096 kbit/s. Each TRI signal thus carries two 2048 kbit/s signals.

The interfaces are synchronised to the master 8192 kHz and 8 kHz clock signals

of the TRCO. The buses are driven by asymmetric driver circuits.




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Transcoder Control Interface (TRCI)

The TRCI is a bi-directional internal bus. The bus transfers the control (for

example, operating mode settings) and supervision messages (for example,

alarms) between the TRCO and the TR16-S plug-in units as well as the program

code of the TR16-S units.

The TRCI consists of three parts: an address, an 8-bit data part and a control part.

The TRCO is the master while the TR16-Ss are slaves on the bus. The bus signals

are driven by asymmetric driver circuits.

Via this bus, the TRCO verifies that the TR16-S obeys the SUBA bus data

switching commands, thereby securing the SUBA and TRCI bus functions.

Submultiplexing Address bus (SUBA)

The SUBA bus is a uni-directional 8 bit parallel bus. Via this bus the TRCO

controls the traffic channel routing function of each DSP in each TR16-S unit in

real time. The bus signals are driven by asymmetric driver circuits.

4.5.3 TRCO - ET communication links

Traffic signals between the TRCO and ET2A/ET2E are carried over the LI. The

ET2A/ET2E Operation and Maintenance (O&M) link uses timeslot 0 of the 2048

kbit/s signal (the first 2048 kbit/s signal of the ET2A/ET2E). The program code is

also loaded over this timeslot.

In addition, the ET2A/ET2E transmits the two clock signals extracted from the

DS-1/E1 or PCM receive signals to the TRCO.

The signals of the LI interface are driven by symmetric driver circuits.

Note






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4.6 Timeslot allocation for TCSM2A

Numerous timeslot allocations can be programmed and loaded into the TRCO.

The selected timeslot allocation controls the signal routing between the BSC-sideand MSC-side trunk interfaces and must be supported by the BSC. Different

TCSM2As of the same BSS may use different allocations.

Note




The supported channels, speech coding and the Ater-interface capacity units are

shown in the table below.

Table 1. Circuit types supported by the TCSM2A

Circuit

type

Supported channels and speech coding

algorithms

Capacity unit on Ater

interface

A FR speech, EFR speechFR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)

16 kbit/s

B HR speech

HR data (6 or 3.6 kbit/s)

8 kbit/s

C FR speech, EFR speech, HR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)


16 kbit/s

D FR speech, EFR speech, HR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)


HSCSD max 2 × FR data (14.5, 12 or 6 kbit/s)

2 × 16 kbit/s

E FR speech, EFR speech, HR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)



4 × 16 kbit/s




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Table 1. Circuit types supported by the TCSM2A (cont.)

Circuit

type


algorithms

Capacity unit on Ater

interface

F AMR Speech 16 kbit/s

Each Ater trunk may carry different channels. Each of the A-interface PCMs is

individually programmed to the appropriate circuit type: A, B, C, D, E, or F. The

maximum number of A-interface PCMs supported by a TCSM2A is, however,

dependent on the circuit types.

Channel allocations for circuit types A, C, and F

The TCSM2A uses an allocation with 16 kbit/s traffic channels for the use of EFR, AMR (or FR) traffic. An example is shown in the table below.

The first (number 0) T1 interface of ET2A number 0 (or number 4 in the lower

part of the ET1TC cartridge) is the Ater-interface, while the subsequent T1

interfaces are the MSC-side T1 line interfaces.

Table 2. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface in the

case of 16 kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

01 LAPD 2 3 4

02 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

03 9 10 11 12 ET2A 0/1

04 13 14 15 16 ET2E 1/0

05 17 18 19 20

06 21 22 23 24

07 1 2 3 4


09 9 10 11 12 ET2A 1/0

10 13 14 15 16 ET2E 1/1



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Table 2. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface in the

case of 16 kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing (cont.)

11 17 18 19 20

12 21 22 23 24

13 1 2 3 4


15 9 10 11 12 ET2A 1/1

16 13 14 15 16 ET2E 2/0

17 17 18 19 20

18 21 22 23 24

19 1 2 3 4


21 9 10 11 12 ET2A 2/0

22 13 14 15 16 ET2E 2/1

23 17 18 19 20

24 21 22 23 24

F

In 'ET2A 0/1', the first number (0) refers to the number of the plug-in unit and the second number (1) refers

to the number of the interface.

Channel allocations for circuit type B

Half Rate (HR) traffic uses either an allocation with 16 kbit/s or an allocation

with 8 kbit/s traffic channels. The table below shows an example of an 8 kbit/s

allocation. The 16 kbit/s allocation is similar to the one shown in the table above.

Table 3. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface in the case

of 8 kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8




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of 8 kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing (cont.)

01 LAPD 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

02 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 0/1

03 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 1/0

04 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

05 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 1/0

06 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 1/1

07 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

08 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 1/1

09 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 2/0

10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

11 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 2/0

12 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 2/1

13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

14 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 2/1

15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 3/0

16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 3/0

18 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 3/1

19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of:

20 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 3/1

21 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E -/-

22

23

24

F



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of 8 kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing (cont.)

In 'ET2A 0/1', the first number (0) refers to the number of the plug-in unit and the second number (1) refers tothe number of the interface.

Channel allocations for HSCSD traffic

The basic requirement for HSCSD data transmission capability is that the

associated BSC is equipped with an 8 kbit/s switching network or Bit Group

Switch. Channel allocations for TCSM2A configured to transmit the data

exclusively at the maximum rate of 2 × FR (type D) or 4 × FR (type E) are shown

in the following tables. The same allocations accept also speech channels (FR/

EFR, HR) instead of data, allowing an optimised use of transmission capacity for

mixed speech/data use. The capacity unit reserved for an HSCSD connection onthe A-interface is:

. 8 32 kbit/s (4 bits of a timeslot) for a 2 × 16 kbit/s channel

. 8 64 kbit/s (an entire timeslot) for a 4 × 16 kbit/s channel

Table 4. Channel allocation for circuit type D on the Ater-interface

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD - 2

02 3 4

03 5 6

04 7 8

05 9 10 Channels of:

06 11 12 -ET2A no.0,

07 13 14 interface 1

08 15 16 -or ET2E no.1

09 17 18 interface no.0

10 19 20




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Table 4. Channel allocation for circuit type D on the Ater-interface (cont.)

11 21 22

12 23 24

13 1 2

14 3 4

15 5 6

16 7 8


18 11 12 -ET2A no.1,


20 15 16 -or ET2E no.1

21 17 18 interface no.1

22 19 20

23 21 22

24 23 24

F

Table 5. Channel allocation for circuit type E on the Ater-interface

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD -

02 2

03 3

04 4

05 5



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Table 5. Channel allocation for circuit type E on the Ater-interface (cont.)

06 6

07 7

08 8

09 9

10 10

11 11 Channels of:

12 12 -ET2A no.0

13 13 interface no.1

14 14 -or ET2E no.1

15 15 interface no.0

16 16

17 17

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

F

Mixed allocations

Examples of mixed allocations with separate 16 kbit/s and 8 kbit/s portions for

different types of calls are listed in the following two tables.




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Table 6. Mixed allocations

Bits

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 2 3 4

02 5 6 7 8 Channels of

03 9 10 11 12 ET2A 0/1

04 13 14 15 16 ET2E 1/0

05 17 18 19 20

06 21 22 23 24

07 1 2 3 4


09 9 10 11 12 ET2A 1/0

10 13 14 15 16 ET2E 1/1

11 17 18 19 20

12 21 22 23 24

13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of

14 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 1/1

15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 2/0

16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of

17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 2/0

18 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 2/1

19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of

20 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 2/1

21 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 3/0



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Table 6. Mixed allocations (cont.)

22 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channels of

23 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ET2A 3/0

24 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ET2E 3/1

In 'ET2A 0/1', the first number (0) refers to the number of the plug-in unit and the second number (1) refers to

the number of the interface.

The table above shows how TCSM2A can be programmed to handle types A/C/F

(for example, FR) and type B (for example, HR) trunks on different channels.


Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD - 2

02 3 4

03 5 6

04 7 8


06 11 12 ET2A no.0


08 15 16 -or ET2E no.1


10 19 20

11 21 22

12 23 24

13 1

14 2




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15 3

16 4

17 5 Channels of:

18 6 ET2A 1

19 7 interface 0

20 8 -or ET2E 1

21 9 interface 1

22 10

23 11

24 12

The last PCM is only partially used.

The table above shows how TCSM2A can be programmed to process both type D

(HSCSD maximum 2 × FR data) and type E (HSCSD maximum 4 × FR data)

trunks on different channels.


Bits

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 2 3 4


03 9 10 11 12 ET2A 0/1

04 13 14 15 16 ET2E 1/0

05 17 18 19 20

06 21 22 23 24



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07 1 2

08 3 4

09 5 6

10 7 8


12 11 12 ET2A 1/0

13 13 14 ET2E 1/1

14 15 16

15 17 18

16 19 120

17 21 22

18 23 24

19 1

20 2 Channels of:

21 3 ET2A 1/1

22 4 ET2E 2/0

23 5

24 6

The last PCM is only partially used. In 'ET2A 0/1', the first number (0) refers to the number of the plug-in unit

and the second number (1) refers to the number of the interface.

The table above shows how TCSM2A can be programmed to process type A/F

(for example, FR), type D (HSCSD maximum 2 × FR data) and type E (HSCSD

maximum 4 × FR data) trunks on different channels.

Each DSP of the TR12-T is permanently assigned to a particular timeslot on a

particular MSC-side line. This allocation is based on the TR12-T slot in the

cartridge and the DSP logical number in the TR12-T. The allocation on the BSC-

side bit (or bits) is controlled by the SUBA bus.




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A number of 64 kbit/s timeslots can be through-connected transparently

(Common channel signalling, O&M connection) between an MSC-side line and a

BSC-side line.

When a DSP switches through an entire timeslot, some other DSPs remain

without any function. Those DSPs (like all non-allocated DSPs) are then in sleep

mode and are not supervised.

Examples of approved through-connections are:

. A interface trunk number 1 / timeslot 24 is connected to Ater-interface

trunk timeslot 22


trunk timeslot 23


trunk timeslot 24

Typically, there are two Common Channel Signalling (CCS) channels between

the BSC and the MSC and one X.25 (ITU-T) channel connection between the

BSC and the Network Management System (NMS/2000), through the MSC.

4.7 Timeslot allocation for TCSM2E

Note


ET2E/ET2E-S/ET2E-T, ET2E-C/ET2E-SC/ET2E-TC.

Numerous timeslot allocations can be programmed and loaded into the TRCO.

The selected timeslot allocation controls the signal routing between the BSC-side

and the MSC-side trunk interfaces and must be supported by the BSC. Different

TCSM2Es of the same BSS may use different allocations.

The supported channels, speech codings, and the Ater-interface capacity units are

shown in the table below.



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Table 9. Circuit types supported by TCSM2E

Circuit

type


algorithms

Capacity unit on

Ater interface

A FR speech, EFR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)

16 kbit/s

B HR speech


8 kbit/s

C FR speech, EFR speech, HR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)


16 kbit/s

D FR speech, EFR speech, HR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)



2 × 16 kbit/s

E FR speech, EFR speech, HR speech

FR data (14.5, 12, 6 or 3.6 kbit/s)



4 × 16 kbit/s

F AMR Speech 16 kbit/s

Each Ater trunk may carry different channels. Each of the A-interface PCMs is

individually programmed to the appropriate circuit type: A, B, C, D, E, or F. The

maximum number of A-interface PCMs supported by a TCSM2E is, however,

dependent on the circuit types.

Channel allocations for circuit types A, C, and F

The TCSM2E uses an allocation with 16 kbit/s traffic channels for FR/EFR, HR,

and AMR traffic use. In these allocations, HR channels in fact use only half of the

16 kbit/s capacity. Examples are shown in figures below. The allocation uses the

capacity more efficiently, but requires an 8 kbit/s switching network in the BSC.

The first (number 0) PCM interface of ET2E number 0 (or number 4 in the lower

part of the ET1TC cartridge) is the Ater-interface, while the subsequent PCM

interfaces are the MSC-side PCM line interfaces.




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Table 10. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 16

kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing (64 kbit/s switching networkin the BSC)

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 1 2 3

02 4 5 6 7

03 8 9 10 11

04 12 13 14 15 Channels of:

05 16 17 18 19 ET2E 0,

06 20 21 22 23 interface 1

07 24 25 26 27

08 28 29 30 31

09 - 1 2 3

10 4 5 6 7

11 8 9 10 11

12 12 13 14 15 Channels of:

13 16 17 18 19 ET2E 1,

14 20 21 22 23 interface 0

15 24 25 26 27

16 28 29 30 31

17 - 1 2 3

18 4 5 6 7

19 8 9 10 11

20 12 13 14 15 Channels of:



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Table 10. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 16

kbit/s TRAU frame submultiplexing (64 kbit/s switching network

in the BSC) (cont.)

21 16 17 18 19 ET2E 1,

22 20 21 22 23 interface 1

23 24 25 26 27

24 28 29 30 31

*25

*26

*27

*28

*29

*30

*31

*TSs 25-31 can be left unused, or programmed to carry TSs1, 16, 30, and/or 31 of any MSC trunk.

Table 11. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 16 kbit/

s TRAU frame submultiplexing

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 1 2 3

02 4 5 6 7

03 8 9 10 11

04 12 13 14 15 Channels of:

05 16 17 18 19 ET2E 0,

06 20 21 22 23 interface 1




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Table 11. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 16 kbit/

s TRAU frame submultiplexing (cont.)

07 24 25 26 27

08 28 29 30 31

09 - 1 2 3

10 4 5 6 7

11 8 9 10 11

12 12 13 14 15 Channels of:

13 16 17 18 19 ET2E 1,

14 20 21 22 23 interface 0

15 24 25 26 27

16 28 29 30 31

17 - 1 2 3

18 4 5 6 7

19 8 9 10 11

20 12 13 14 15 Channels of:

21 16 17 18 19 ET2E 1,

22 20 21 22 23 interface 1

23 24 25 26 27

24 28 29 30 31

25 - 1 2 3

26 4 5 6 7


28 12 13 14 15 ET2E 2,

29 16 17 18 19 interface 0

30 20 21 22 23

31 24 25 26 27



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This allocation is used with the 8 kbit/s switching network in the BSC.

Channel allocations for circuit type B

The table below shows an example of an 8 kbit/s allocation.

Table 12. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 8 kbit/s

TRAU frame submultiplexing

Bits

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:

02 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 0,

03 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 1

04 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

05 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:

06 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 1,

07 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 0

08 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

09 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:

10 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 1,

11 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 1

12 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

13 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:

14 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 2,

15 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 0

16 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

17 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:




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Table 12. Allocation of different channels on the Ater-interface with 8 kbit/s

TRAU frame submultiplexing (cont.)

18 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 2,

19 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 1

20 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

21 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:

22 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 3,

23 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 0

24 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

25 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of:

26 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 3,

27 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 1

28 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

*29 64 kbit/s

*30 64 kbit/s

*31 64 kbit/s

*TSs 29-30 can be programmed to carry either signalling or O&M connections.

Channel allocations for circuit types D and E

The basic requirement for HSCSD data transmission capability is that the

associated BSC must be equipped with an 8 kbit/s switching network or Bit

Group Switch. Channel allocations for TCSM2E configured to transmit data at

the maximum rate of 2 × FR (type D) or 4 × FR (type E) are shown in figures

below respectively. The same allocations accept also speech channels (FR/EFR,

HR) instead of data, allowing an optimised use of transmission capacity for mixed speech/data use. The capacity unit reserved for an HSCSD connection on

the A-interface is:

. 8 32kbit/s (4 bits of a timeslot) for a 2 × 16 kbit/s channel

. 8 64kbit/s (an entire timeslot) for a 4 × 16 kbit/s channel



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Table 13. Channel allocation for circuit type D on the Ater-interface

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD - 1

02 2 3

03 4 5

04 6 7

05 8 9 Channels of

06 10 11 ET2E 0:


08 14 15

09 16 17

10 18 19

11 20 21

12 22 23

13 24 25

14 26 27

15 28 29

16 30 31

17 - 1

18 2 3

19 4 5

20 6 7

21 8 9 *Channels of




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Table 13. Channel allocation for circuit type D on the Ater-interface (cont.)

22 10 11 ET2E 1:


24 14 15

25 16 17

26 18 19

27 20 21

28 22 23

29 24 25

30 26 27

31 28 29

*The last PCM is only partially used.

Table 14. Channel allocation of circuit type E on the Ater-interface

Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD -

02 2

03 3

04 4

05 5

06 6

07 7

08 8

09 9



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Table 14. Channel allocation of circuit type E on the Ater-interface (cont.)

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15 Channels of

16 16 ET2E 0:

17 17 interface 1

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 27

28 28

29 29

30 30

31 31

Mixed allocations

Examples of mixed allocations, with separate 16 kbit/s and 8 kbit/s portions for

different types of calls, are shown in figures below.




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Bits

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 1 2 3

02 4 5 6 7


04 12 13 14 15 ET2E 0,

05 16 17 18 19 interface 1

06 20 21 22 23

07 24 25 26 27

08 28 29 30 31

09 - 1 2 3

10 4 5 6 7


12 12 13 14 15 ET2E 1,

13 16 17 18 19 interface 0

14 20 21 22 23

15 24 25 26 27

16 28 29 30 31

17 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of

18 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 1,

19 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 1

20 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

21 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of



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22 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 2,

23 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 0

24 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

25 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of

26 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 2,

27 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 1

28 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

29 - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 Channels of

30 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ET2E 3,

31 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 interface 0


The table above shows how TCSM2E can be programmed to process types A/C/F

(for example, FR) and type B (for example, HR) trunks on different channels.


Bits

TS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD - 1

02 2 3

03 4 5

04 6 7

05 8 9

06 10 11

07 12 13 Channels of




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08 14 15 ET2E 0;


10 18 19

11 20 21

12 22 23

13 24 25

14 26 27

15 28 29

16 30 31

17 1

18 2

19 3

20 4

21 5

22 6

23 7 *Channels of

24 8 ET2E 1;

25 9 interface 0

26 10

27 11

28 12

29 13

30 14

31 15




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The table above shows how TCSM2E can be programmed to process both type D

(HSCSD maximum 2 × FR data) and type E (HSCSD maximum 4 × FR data)

trunks on different channels.


Bits

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

00 TS 0

01 LAPD 1 2 3

02 4 5 6 7


04 12 13 14 15 ET2E 0,

05 16 17 18 19 interface 1

06 20 21 22 23

07 24 25 26 27

08 28 29 30 31

09 - 1

10 2 3

11 4 5

12 6 7

13 8 9

14 10 11

15 12 13 Channels of

16 14 15 ET2E 1,


18 18 19

19 20 21




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20 22 23

21 24 25

22 26 27

23 28 29

24 30 31

25 1

26 2

27 3 Channels of

28 4 ET2E 1,

29 5 interface 1

30 6

31 7

The last PCM is only partially used.

The table shows how TCSM2E can be programmed to process types A/C/F (for

example, FR), type D (HSCSD maximum 2 × FR data) and type E (HSCSD

maximum 4 × FR data) trunks on different channels.

Each DSP of the TR16-S is permanently assigned to a particular timeslot on a

particular MSC-side line. This allocation is based on the TR16-S slot in the

cartridge and the DSP logical number in the TR16-S. The allocation on the BSC-

side bit(s) is controlled by the SUBA bus.

A number of 64 kbit/s timeslots can be through-connected transparently

(Common channel signalling, O&M connection) between an MSC-side line and a

BSC-side line.

When a DSP switches through an entire timeslot, some other DSPs remain

without any function. Those DSPs (like all non-allocated DSPs) are then in sleep

mode and are not supervised.

Examples of valid through-connections are:



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. A-interface trunk number 1, timeslot 16 is connected to Ater-interface

trunk timeslot 29


trunk timeslot 30


trunk timeslot 31

Typically there are two Common Channel Signalling (CCS) channels between the

BSC and MSC and one X.25 (ITU-T) channel connection between the BSC and

NMS, through the MSC.

4.8 TRAU operating modes

The control of remote TRAUs is defined in various GSM 06 series ETSI

recommendations.

TRAU software is capable of handling both full rate (FR) and half rate (HR)

speed traffic channels, that is, 16 kbit/s and 8 kbit/s TRAU frames. It is possible

to configure the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E equipment to support the circuit

pools defined in GSM recommendation 08.08. At the low end of circuit

capacities, three different circuit types are possible (A, B, C, and F). They handle

FR, EFR, HR, and AMR traffic channels.

At the high end of circuit capacities, two speeds for HSCSD are available. Circuit type D speed supports multiplexing of up to two 16 kbit/s TRAU frame streams.

Circuit type E supports multiplexing of up to four 16 kbit/s TRAU frame streams.

Thus, it is possible to establish connections with data rates of 19.2 kbit/s, 28.8

kbit/s, 38.4 kbit/s, 43.2 kbit/s, and 57.6 kbit/s.

Different transcoding programs can co-exist in the TRCO memory, that is, for

example, different versions of the same TRAU program can be stored.

The PCM coding law can be selected to be either µ-law or A-law.

Note

Regarding the GSM900/GSM1800/GSM1900 system: even though the term FR

is widely used, normally only EFR is used in new installations.




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Special attention has been paid to the quality of voice and data transmission

through the network. Advanced TRAU features include:

. adjustable fixed and adaptive gains for voice signal volume

. full support of Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) on the Air-interface

. Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) for FR, EFR, AMR, and HR (optional)

. Noise Suppression (NS) for FR, EFR, AMR, and HR (optional)

. Tandem Free Operation (TFO) for FR, EFR, and HR (optional)

. Text Telephony (TTY) support.



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5 Interfaces of TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

Note




T1 line interfaces to the MSC and BSC

The connectors of the two T1 interfaces (DS-1 ports) are located on the front

panel of the ET2A unit. The connector is an RJ48 type modular jack, having the

two transmission directions in the same connector. The applicable standard for the physical characteristics is ANSI T1.403. The line interface provides a large

dynamic range. It does not feed current to the line.

The operating mode can be selected to be either one of the following:

. Extended Super Frame (ESF)

. Super Frame (SF)

The T1 line interfaces incorporate the T1.403 ESF data link function.

E1 line interfaces to the MSC

The connectors of the two E1 interfaces are located on the front panel of the

ET2E unit. The connector is a Euroconnector, having the two transmission

directions in the same connector. This interface is intended for in-house cabling

and follows specification ITU-T G.703.

The operating mode can be selected to be either one of the following:



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. CRC4 in use

. CRC4 not in use

PCM line interfaces to the MSC and BSC

The connectors of the two PCM interfaces are located on the front panel of the

ET2E unit. Two connector types are provided:

. 75 ohm coaxial subminiature connectors receive and transmit in different

connectors

. 120 ohm balanced (symmetric) Euroconnectors receive and transmit in the

same connector

The applicable standard for the physical characteristics is G.703 (ITU-T).

The physical interface to the MSC consists of one or more PCM lines. The

synchronisation for the TCSM2E is extracted from a PCM signal from the MSC.

The gross bit rate of the traffic channel is 64 kbit/s. The PCM coding follows A-

law. Signalling related to call handling is provided by Common Channel

Signalling (CCS) at a 64 kbit/s rate.

The physical interface to the BSC is a PCM line. The bit rate of a traffic channel

is 16 kbit/s, 8 kbit/s, or a multiple of 16 kbit/s (HSCSD).

MMI terminal interface

A standard terminal (VT 52 or VT 100) is used as the MMI terminal. The

terminal interface is located on the front panel of the TRCO. It is an asynchronous

V.24/V.28 serial interface. The electrical characteristics conform to

recommendation V.28 (ITU-T). The physical connector is a 25-pin D-connector,

conforming to ISO standards.

External synchronisation interfaces (ESI, ESO)

An External Synchronisation Input (ESI, 1544 kHz/2048 kHz) and an External

Synchronisation Output (ESO, 2048 kHz) are provided on the front panel of the

TRCO. The connectors are subminiature coaxial connectors. Since the

synchronisation of TCSM2A is extracted from the T1/E1 or the PCM lines, these

interfaces are meant for test purposes only.

Wired alarm input in the TRCO

Wired alarm interfaces (eight inputs and three outputs) are available on the rear

panel of the TC1C cartridge. The alarms are handled by the TRCO unit. Alarm

condition is indicated by a defined logic voltage level.




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Three of the inputs are used as an alarm bus common to a bigger number of

TCSM2 units. The bus is made by linking the inputs with cables. Each TCSM2

also has output access to each of these three wires and drives a wire into active

state if certain types of fault appear. One or two of the TCSM2 units is selected as

master, reading the alarm input states and sending an alarm to the BSC.

FPGA programming interface

Special consideration has been paid to the future use of the TRCO, TR12-T, and

TR16 S units. Any necessary updating can, in many cases, be done in the field.

The TC1C cartridge has a connector on the rear side for the Field Programmable

Gate Arrays (FPGAs) of the TRCO, TR12-T, and TR16 S units. Programming

can only be done on a cartridge with no live traffic.



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6 Configurations, capacity, and

performance of TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

The figure below presents the equipping of the TC2E rack, and the followingsections detail the configurations, capacity, and performance of the Transcoder

TCSM2A and TCSM2E.



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Figure 5. Equipping of the TC2E rack

DN9833534

2

30

58

88

120

152 POWER INPUT BLOCK

TC1C 0

TCSM2 0

TC1C 2TCSM2 2

TC1C 4

TCSM2 4

TC1C 6TCSM2 6

TC1C 1

TCSM2 1

TC1C 3TCSM2 3

TC1C 5

TCSM2 5

TC1C 7TCSM2 7

01 37

01 13

ET1TC 0TCSM2 0TCSM2 1



0

1

2

3

01 13

01 37

01 37

01 37


4

5

6

7




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6.1 Rack capacity of TCSM2A

Note




The rack offers a modular extension of capacity. All shelves, cartridges, and

internal cables are supplied, even if the corresponding plug-in units are not.

Dimensioning of the TCSM2A is closely related to the dimensioning of the BSC.Consider the following:

. the number of traffic channels and the number of MSC trunk cables

. the allocation of traffic channels in the Ater-interface, whether Full Rate,

Half Rate, Enhanced Full Rate, Adaptive Multirate, or a mixture of these

. the number of through-connected channels

A fully configured TC2E rack is equipped with:

.

Eight cartridges of the type TC1C, each housing one TCSM2A unit. Thecartridges sit on four shelves (two cartridges per shelf).

. Four cartridges of the type ET1TC, each housing up to eight ET2A/ET2A-

T plug-in units. The cartridges are placed on a single shelf, in groups of

two.

A rack can house TCSM2As belonging to different BSSs, allowing a smooth

extension of TC2E racks on an MSC site.

The table below shows how the TCSM2A capacity depends on the number of

equipped plug-in units. Capacity is increased by adding TCSM2A units.



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Table 18. TCSM2A capacity

Plug-in

unit

Capacity unit on

Ater: 16 kbit/s

Capacity unit on

Ater: 8 kbit/s

Capacity unit

on Ater: 2 × 16

kbit/s

Capacity unit on

Ater: 4 × 16 kbit/s

(Circuit types A,

C, F)

(Circuit type B) (Circuit type D) (Circuit type E)

TR12-T 2 to 8 2 to 14

2 to 12

2 to 4 2

ET2A 1 to 3 1 to 4 1 to 2 1

ET2E 1 to 2 1 to 3 1 to 2 1

TCH 23 to 95 22 to 166

22 to 142

24 to 47 23

In the above table, TCH means traffic channels. In calculating the minimum

traffic channel capacities, it has been assumed that CCS signalling and the X.25

O&M channel reserve one timeslot per Ater line. In calculating the maximum

capacities, however, no allowance is made for CCS or X.25.

6.2 Rack capacity of TCSM2E

Note



often used in this document to refer to ET2A/T2A-T.

The rack offers modular extension of capacity. All shelves, cartridges, and

internal cables are supplied, even if the corresponding plug-in units are not.

A rack can house TCSM2Es belonging to different BSSs, allowing a smooth

extension of TC2E racks on an MSC site.

Dimensioning of the TCSM2E is closely connected to BSC dimensioning.

Consider the followings:




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. the number of traffic channels and the number of MSC trunks

. the allocation of traffic channels in the Ater-interface, whether FR, EFR,

AMR, HR, HSCSD or a mixture of these

. the number of through-connected channels

A fully configured TC2E rack is equipped with:

. Eight cartridges of the type TC1C, each housing one TCSM2E unit. The

cartridges sit on four shelves (two cartridges per shelf).

. Four cartridges of the type ET1TC, each housing eight ET2E/ET2E-T

plug-in units. The cartridges sit on a single shelf, in groups of two.

The table below shows how the TCSM2E capacity depends on the number of

equipped plug-in units. Capacity is increased by adding TCSM2E units.

In the table below, TCH means traffic channels. In calculating the minimum

traffic channel capacities, it has been assumed that CCS and the X.25 NMS

channel each reserve one timeslot per Ater-line. However, in calculating the

maximum capacities no allowance is made for CCS or X.25.

Table 19. TCSM2E capacity

Plug-in unit Capacity unit on

Ater: 16 kbit/s

Capacity unit on

Ater: 8 kbit/s

Capacity unit

on Ater: 2 × 16

kbit/s

Capacity unit

on Ater: 4 × 16

kbit/s

(Circuit types A,

C, F)

(Circuit type B) (Circuit type D) (Circuit type E)

TR16-S *)

2...6

2...8

2...14 2...4 2

ET2E *)

1...2

1...3

1...4 1...2 1

TCH *)

29...90

or 29...120

29...210 29...60 30

*) If BSC-side submultiplexing is carried out by the SMUX unit and three PCMs are multiplexed onto Ater.



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6.3 Performance

Voice transmission

. delay of the voice signal meets ETSI GSM recommendations

. adjustable fixed gains for voice signal volume: +6 to -6 dB in uplink and

downlink directions

Delay

Signal delay (64 kbit/s through-connected channel) through TCSM2A: 400 µs

maximum

Clock system

Clock pull-in range: ± 2 ppm

Clock accuracy in plesiochronous mode:

. initial accuracy: ± 1 x 10-9

. ageing: 1 x 10-6 / year

. jitter transfer function gain at frequencies less than 0.1 Hz: more than 0.2

dB

Jitter

Inherent jitter and jitter filtering conform to ANSI specification.

Carrier-to-Customer Installation - DS1 Metallic Interface.

ANSI T1.403-1989.

The equipment is designed according to the guidelines of recommendation G.823

(ITU-T).




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7 Reliability of TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

The design objectives shown in the table below have been adopted to ensure that

the downtime of the TCSM2A or the TCSM2E is very low. The figures are

calculated on the basis of an average repair time of 2.5 hours. It is assumed in thecalculation that a TCSM2A or a TCSM2E unit is available if it provides service

to at least half of the traffic channels.

Table 20. Reliability figures, worst case (half rate configuration)

Parameter Unprotected configuration

(single TCSM2A or

TCSM2E)

Protected configuration

(e two TCSM2As or two

TCSM2Es per BSC)

Availability > 99.999 % > 99.9999 %

Downtime < 5.5 min/year < 0.005 min/year

The objective for TCSM2A and TCSM2E fault intensity is one fault in 40,000

hours (one fully equipped TCSM2A or TCSM2E unit, half rate configuration).

To achieve the highest availability level, a minimum of two TCSM2A or two

TCSM2E units (possibly only partly equipped) per BSC is recommended, even if

the traffic dimensioning requires only one.

The following objectives have been established for the servicing of the TCSM2A

and TCSM2E:

. mean active repair time per fault: less than half an hour

. fault localisation accurate to one plug-in unit: 95 %

. fault localisation accurate to one TCSM2A or one TCSM2E unit: 100%



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8 Software of TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

Note




The processors in the TRCO, ET2A, and ET2E are provided with the proprietary

Pectus operating system. The TR12-T and TR16-S DSPs are fixed point

processors with software written in low-level language. Their program does not

include an operating system.

The TRCO keeps master copies of the following software and data in its non-

volatile memories:

. TRCO programs

. ET2A/ET2E and ET2A-T/ET2E-T programs, downloadable from the

TRCO

. TR12-T and TR16-S programs, downloadable from the TRCO

. TCSM2A and TCSM2E configuration data for TRCO, ET2A/ET2E,

ET2A-T/ET2E-T, TR12-T, and TR16-S including timeslot allocations

The TCSM2 supports downloading of the entire software (TRCO, ET2A/ET2E,

ET2A-T/ET2E-T, TR12-T, and TR16-S) from the BSC and a PC via the VDU

interface. The protocol employed in downloading from the PC is Kermit.

Application software

The software in the TRCO consists of modules that are responsible for the

following:



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. state administration

. general supervision

.

alarm handling. diagnostics

. LAPD interface

. service terminal interface (including the local terminal interface)

. master clock control

. TR12-T and TR16-S interfaces (supervision and control)

. trunk supervision.

The software in the ET2A/ET2E consists of modules that are responsible for the

following:

. state administration

. general supervision

. diagnostics

. LAPD

. T1/E1 and PCM line interface functions.

The software in the DSPs of the TR12-T and the TR16 S consists of modules that

are responsible for the following:

. TRAU frame synchronisation

. companding conversions for A-law and µ-law

. the speech coding algorithms themselves

. Voice Activity Detection (VAD)

. uplink and downlink Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)

. data transmission

. time alignment

. O&M functions

. self testing

. Text Telephony (TTY) algorithms.




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9 Hardware model and power supply of

TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

9.1 Plug-in units

Note




The plug-in units follow the hardware model of the DX 200 system.

The plug-in unit sizes (H × W × D) are:

. TRCO, TR12-T, and TR16-S: 233.4 mm × 4 TE × 220 mm

. PSC1: 233.4 mm × 5 TE × 220 mm

. ET2A/ET2E : 100 mm × 4 TE × 220 mm

9.2 Cartridges

Note






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TC1C cartridge

The dimensions of the TC1C cartridge are (H × W × D):

. 262 mm × 360 mm × 300 mm

The cartridge is equipped with a PSC1, a TRCO, and up to 14 TR12-T and TR16-

S plug-in units. The equipping principle of the cartridge is shown in the figure

below.

Figure 6. TC1C cartridge in the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E applications

ET1TC cartridge in the TCSM2A

Dimensions of the ET1TC cartridge are (W × H × D):

. 120 mm × 262 mm × 300 mm

In the TCSM2A application, the cartridge houses eight ET2A plug-in units in two

rows of four (see the figure below).

DN04191851

:

: :

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

:

0 21 5 764 8 11 1312103 9

T R C O

P S

C 1

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6

T R 1 2 / T R 1 6




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Figure 7. Equipping of ET1TC in the TCSM2A application

ET1TC cartridge in the TCSM2E

Dimensions of the ET1TC cartridge are (W × H × D):

120 mm × 262 mm × 300 mm.

The cartridge houses eight ET2E plug-in units in two rows of four (see the figure

below).

TCSM2An (even)

DN9832823

4 x ET2A

4 x ET2A

0 1 2 3

4 5 6 7TCSM2An+1 (odd)



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Figure 8. Equipping of ET1TC in the TCSM2E application

9.3 Rack (R198A-S/R198A-T)

The TC2E rack is based on the general Nokia DX 200 system mechanics. The

number of racks which can be grouped together is limited only by the dimensions

of the room. A row furnished with rack doors, side panels, top structure, and

bottom plates forms an electro-magnetically shielded enclosure.

The rack frame R198A-S or R198A-T is 1880 mm (6.17 ft) high, 800 mm (31.5

in) wide, and 450 mm (17.7 in) deep.

The rear and front doors add 50 mm (2 in) to the depth, and the length of the rack

row increases by 2 × 40 mm (2 × 1.55 in) when the side panels are installed. The

adjustable mounts add 50 mm (2 in) to the height, and upper frame structure on

top of the rack add 90 or 100 mm (4 in).

The total dimensions of a single rack are as follows:

0 1 2 3

4 5 6 7

TCSM2E

n (even)

TCSM2En+1 (odd)

DN9832726

4 x ET2E

4 x ET2E




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. Height: 2020 or 2030 mm (6.66 ft)

. Width: 880 mm (34.6 in)

.

Depth: 500 mm (19.7 ft)

The rack is also equipped with a pair of Power supply adapters (PSA20) and

Power supply fuse panels (PSFP).

9.4 Applicable NEBS3 compliance (optional)

The TCSM2 can be upgraded to meet applicable NEBS level 3 compliance. This

is achieved by fitting the rack with alternative doors and side plates including

hinge bars as well as by installing fire protection plates and earth bonding-point

bracket. The floor mounting in this case should be based on rails. Furthermore,

there are dedicated cable conduit and cabling rack items for raised floor

installations when TCSM2 is upgraded to meet applicable NEBS level 3

compliance.

9.5 Structure of the power supply

The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E operate on DC voltage from high frequency

transformers using a chopper technique.

The input voltage range is -40.5 to -72 V. Because of this wide range, the main

battery voltage is 48 V or 60 V.

The PSA20 unit and the PSFP unit are connected to both the power inputs. The

PSA20 has two circuit breakers with a 20 A rating. The PSFP has 12 outputs with

10 A fuses.



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Figure 9. Power feeding principle

9.6 Power consumption

Special consideration has been given to keeping the power consumption low.

This has been made easier by adopting low voltage technology (3 V) for DSPs

and RAMs in the TR12-T and in the TR16 S units. This keeps the thermal

dimensioning of the equipment room reasonable, yet the traffic channel capacity

of the rack high.

The power consumption of a rack or rack row can be estimated by the following

formula:

P(Watts) = Nf × 0.38 + Ne × 0.38 + Nh × 0.36 + Nd × 0.38 + A × (Nf × 0.02 +

Ne × 0.18 + Nh × 0.17 + Nd × 0.27),

where

-UB1 -UB2

PSA20 0 PSA20 1

TC1C 0

TC1C 2

TC1C 4

TC1C 1

TC1C 3

TC1C 5

TC1C 6 TC1C 7

ET1TC 0/0 ET1TC 0/1...

ET1TC 3/0 ET1TC 3/1

...

DN9832738




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Nf = number of (ETSI) FR TCHs

Ne = number of EFR/AMR TCHs

Nh = number of HR TCHs

Nd = number of HSCSD (2 × 16 kbit/s or 4 × 16 kbit/s) channels

A = traffic (0 to 1 Erl/TCH)

As regards FR, EFR, and HR channels, the formula primarily applies for voice

traffic. Data traffic results in consumption values which are considerably lower.

If HR is implemented with the circuit type C principle, the formula cannot be

directly applied. Instead of using the Nf , Ne , and Nh values as such, the traffic

portions of EFR/FR mode and HR mode must be estimated. Based on these

estimates, the values of Nf , Ne , and Nh should be modified prior to making the

calculation.

Cartridge maximum power consumptions are shown in the following two tables.

Table 21. Maximum consumption for a normal TCSM2A application

Cartridge Consumption

TC1C Full rate only 30 W

TC1C Half rate only 80 W

TC1C Enhanced full rate only 50 W

ET1TC Full rate only 18 W

ET1TC Enhanced full rate only 18 W

ET1TC Half rate only 25 W

Table 22. Maximum consumptions for a normal TCSM2E application


TC1C Full rate only 40 W

TC1C Half rate only 105 W



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Table 22. Maximum consumptions for a normal TCSM2E application (cont.)


TC1C Enhanced full rate only 65 W

ET1TC Full rate only 18 W

ET1TC Half rate only 25 W

ET1TC Enhanced full rate only 18 W




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10 Operation of TCSM2A and TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

The operation of TCSM2A and TCSM2E is made easier by the integrated O&M

of the BSC and the NMS/2000. All TCSM2A and TCSM2E functions related to

O&M can be carried out:

. by a remote session from the BSC or NMS/2000

. by using a local terminal

The O&M link of the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E to the BSC uses a 16 kbit/s

LAPD channel.

The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E internal settings and hardware configuration

data are stored in the non-volatile memory of the TRCO. The hardware layout

data of the rack is stored in the BSC.

Commissioning of the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E is simplified by the self-test of

all the channels and timeslots, which are activated by a command.

10.1 Access control of the MMI terminal interface

The local terminal has a higher priority than the BSC's O&M link to access the

TCSM2A and the TCSM2E. If a session is under way through the local MMI

terminal, the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E will respond to BSC commands by

noting that the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E are currently reserved. During this

period, the BSC-side status administration for the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E

(including supervision) is operational, but remote MMI is inhibited.

A password is used in local MMI. The user interface has a menu with a help

function.

A BSC MML session can access all the MMI functions, either like a remote

terminal or pure MML.



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10.2 Supervision

Note




Supervision by the BSC

The BSC checks that the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E status administration

program works as intended. The BSC compares the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E

status information it expects with the status reported by the TCSM2A and the

TCSM2E.

Internal supervision of the TRCO

The TRCO state is internally supervised by a watch-dog and regular tests of the

RAM, ROM, and FLASH memories.

Internal supervision of the ET2A/ET2E, ET2A-T/ET2E-T units and TR12-Ts

The TRCO constantly supervises:

. ET2A/ET2E, ET2A-T/ET2E-T responsiveness to supervision messages

. TRAU responsiveness to supervision messages

. the condition of the SUBA and TRCI buses

. alarms originated by the TRAU blocks

If an abnormal situation between the TRCO and the TR12-Ts is detected, a

further supervision procedure blocks individual TR12-T units from the TRCI and

TRI buses, as appropriate. In this way, it is possible to localise the faulty TR12-T

unit and leave it disconnected from the buses.

Internal supervision of the ET2Es, ET2E-Ts, and TR16-Ss

The TRCO continuously supervises:

. ET2E/ET2E-T responsiveness to supervision messages

. TRAU responsiveness to supervision messages




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. the condition of the SUBA and TRCI buses

. alarms originated by the TRAU blocks

If an abnormal situation between the TRCO and the TR16s is detected, a further supervision procedure blocks individual TR16 units from the TRCI and TRI

buses, as appropriate. It is therefore possible to localise the faulty TR16 unit and

leave it disconnected from the buses.

Internal supervision of the T1/E1 line interfaces

The ET2A/ET2A-T supervises the T1 PCM lines. Likewise the ET2E/ET2E-S/

ET2 T supervises the E1 PCM lines. The TRCO supervises the ET2A/ET2A-T

and the ET2E/ET2E-S/ET2 T units and forwards the alarms of the T1/E1 PCM

lines to the BSC.

Rack supervision

Two types of alarms can be generated by the power feeding system:

. the PSA20 circuit breaker has disconnected the voltage

. the PSFP fuse has blown

Two alarm wires of each type (one for each physical unit) are connected to a

particular rack. The rack can combine the alarms into fewer alarm wires and lead

them to external alarm inputs of the MSC, BSC, or some other equipment.

Alarms

Alarms are transferred over the O&M link to the BSC. Current alarms can,

however, be viewed on a local MMI terminal. The alarms are shown in text form,

so they can be easily understood.

The BSC assigns an identity, time stamp, alarm class, text string, and physical

location to each alarm. The BSC stores information on the physical location of

each TCSM2A and TCSM2E unit. It converts the logical location information of

the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E alarms into a physical address.

Alarms which indicate that traffic channels, trunks, or other portions of the traffic

capacity are lost, cause blocking of the respective elements by the BSC. The

TCSM2A and the TCSM2E are not aware of the blocking measures taken by the

BSC.



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10.3 Diagnostics

An alarm can normally be narrowed down to a single plug-in unit. Local

diagnostics also guarantee a very high accuracy in locating faults. The probabilitythat faults can be narrowed down to one plug-in unit is 95 %.

The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E support the following diagnostic procedures:

Memory test

In a reset situation, a simple memory test for the RAM is carried out and the

program checksums are verified.

In an explicit diagnostic procedure (such as after a restart), a block test performs a

more thorough memory test for the RAM as well as verifying the program check sums.

LAPD connection test

If the LAPD link transfers idle frames, then it is considered to be working. If it

does not carry idle frames, the LAPD loop test is activated. In the test, a loop

back of the LAPD signal transmitted by the TRCO is generated, and the looped-

back signal is compared to a transmitted test sequence.

Traffic channel loop tests

Traffic channel loop tests are activated by a command. The loop test coverageselected can be either one of the following:

. One (MSC side) T1/E1 (PCM) signal, all timeslots

. All T1/E1 signals, all timeslots

The automatic diagnostic procedure, when activated, tests all the timeslots of all

the lines.

In this test, the ET timeslot loops are activated on the timeslot corresponding to

the TRAU. Each TRAU is individually commanded to carry out the loop test to

the MSC and the BSC. The TRAU sends a test sequence in each direction and

checks if the returning signal corresponds to the one sent.

10.4 Administration and reconfiguration status

Note




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The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E are functional units from the viewpoint of the

BSC. It can have the following states:

. WO-EX: working, executing

. WO-RE: working, restarting

. TE-EX: testing, executing

. BL-EX: blocked, executing

. BL-ID: blocked, idle

Restart the TCSM2A or the TCSM2E (remotely from the BSC or locally) when

you suspect that it is not working normally. Upon receiving a restart command,

the TRCO restarts the ET2As/ET2Es, ET2A-Ts/ET2E-Ts, TR12s, and TR16s as

appropriate.

The TRCO can perform reconfiguration inside the TCSM2A and in the TCSM2E

as follows:

. activates a restart in the ET2As/ET2Es, ET2A-Ts/ET2E-Ts

. activates a restart in the TRAUs

. activates a restart in the TR12 or in the TR16, (in connection with a

software download)

. blocks TR12s, TR16s off the bus

10.5 Statistics

Note






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The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E collect statistical information about:

. T1/E1 and PCM line performance

- bit errors: G.821 (ITU-T)

- unavailable time: G.821 (ITU-T)

- slips

. number of restarts in the DSPs

. number of restarts in the ET2A/ET2E units.

The user can make a query requesting the statistical information calculated by the

ET2As/ET2Es/ET2A-Ts/ET2E-Ts.




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11 Operating environment of TCSM2A and

TCSM2E


TCSM2E.

11.1 Equipment room

The mechanical structure of the TCSM2A and the TCSM2E does not place any

special requirements on the ceiling, walls, or floor. A raised floor is not necessary.

The height of the room should be at least 2500 mm. This ensures that there will

be approximately 500 mm of open working space above the cable channels on

top of the racks. The rack height including the upper frame structure and

adjustable feet is 2020 mm.

Leave space for the rear doors to open for maintenance.

The racks are functionally independent, which makes different floor layouts

possible. Any number of racks can be placed in one rack row. The figure below

shows an example of a floor layout.



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Operating environment of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

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Figure 10. Typical floor layout for the TCSM2A and for the TCSM2E racks

11.2 Environmental conditions

The TCSM2A and the TCSM2E have been designed to conform to the

environmental principles of the DX 200 system.

Temperature

The temperature of the equipment room should stay between +5 and +40°C (41

and 104°F). In practice the heating/cooling system should maintain a range of

+10 to +35°C (+50 to +86°F).

Electromagnetic environment

Our objective is to comply with the requirements of the following documents:

DN9832741

WORKING AREA

RACK 1 RACK 1

600

m i n i m u m

9 0 0

5 0 0

m i n i m u m

9 0 0

500

(BSC2)1280

(TSCM2)1680

3 0 0 ( B S C

2 )

o r

4 0 0

( T S C

M 2 )

FRONT SIDE




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. Electromagnetic compatibility and electrical safety generic criteria for

network telecommunications equipment. TA-NWT-001089. Bell

Communications Research.

.

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Chapter 1, Part 15, Subpart J.Federal Communications Commission.

. Requirements of EMC directive 89/336/EEC.

Operating environment of TCSM2A and TCSM2E

Documents

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