Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems
Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks
Dr. Murad M. Alaqtash
Department of Electrical Engineering
Tafila Technical University
Second Semester 2013
1
Instructor Information Instructor: Dr. Murad M. Alaqtash
Office: College of Engineering, 3rd Floor
Office Hours: Sun, Tue: 9:00 am - 10:00 am
Mon, Wed: 9:30 am - 10:30 am
Or by Email: [email protected]
2
Course Information
Title:
Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems (0107551)
Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks (0102575)
Time: Sun, Tue, Thr: 8:00 – 9:00 am
Credit: 3 Hours
3
Course Information TextBooks:
1. S. Russell and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall 2010.
2. Timothy J. Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, 3rd edition, John Wiley 2010.
3. Tom M. Mitchell, Machine Learning, McGraw-Hill 1997.
Reference Website: http://aima.cs.berkeley.edu/
4
Grading Policy Homework, Quizzes, and Projects 10%
First Exam (14/3/2013) 20%
Second Exam (18/4/2013) 20%
Final Exam 50%
5
Homework, Quizzes, and Projects At the end of each topic, there will be a homework
and a quiz cover that topic.
Projects will be assigned to groups of 3-4 students during the semester.
Programming knowledge of any programming language is required to do the projects, Matlab is very useful.
All projects must be submitted ON TIME, late work will be graded out of 75% up to 3 days. Any late further than 3 days will NOT accepted.
6
Course Topics
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Problem Solving – Search Algorithms
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning- Fuzzy Logic
Machine Learning - Neural Networks
7
Chapter 1
8
Outline What is AI?
State of the Art Applications
9
What is AI? The science of making machines that:
10
Acting humanly: Turing Test Turing (1950) "Computing machinery and intelligence":
"Can machines think?" "Can machines behave intelligently?"
Operational test for intelligent behavior: the Imitation Game
Predicted that by 2000, a machine might have a 30% chance of fooling
a lay person for 5 minutes
Do we really need a machine that passes it?
Too hard! – Very useful applications can be built that don’t pass the
Turing test 11
Recent AI Goal: Build “intelligent” programs that are useful for a
particular task
Suggested major components of AI:
Knowledge representation
Reasoning
Machine learning
Language understanding
12
Acting rationally: Rational agent Rational behavior: doing the right thing
The right thing: that which is expected to maximize goal achievement, given the available information
An agent is an entity that perceives and acts
This course is about designing rational agents
Abstractly, an agent is a function from percept histories to actions:
[f: P* A]
For any given class of environments and tasks, we seek the agent (or class of agents) with the best performance
13
State of the art - Natural Language
Speech technologies (e.g. Siri)
Automatic speech recognition (ASR)
Text-to-speech synthesis (TTS)
Dialog systems
Language processing technologies
Question answering (e.g. IBM Watson)
Automated translation
Web search
Text classification
14
State of the art– Vision (Perception)
Object and face recognition
Scene segmentation
Image classification
15
State of the art – Robotics
16
State of the art - Decision Making
Scheduling, e.g. airline routing
Route planning, e.g. Google maps
Medical diagnosis
Web search engines
Spam classifiers
Automated help desks
Fraud detection
Product recommendations
17
State of the art Which of the following can be done at present?
Play a decent game of table tennis?
Play a decent game of Jeopardy?
Drive safely along a curving mountain road?
Drive safely along Telegraph Avenue?
Buy a week's worth of groceries on the web?
Buy a week's worth of groceries at Berkeley Bowl?
Discover and prove a new mathematical theorem?
Converse successfully with another person for an hour?
Perform a surgical operation?
Put away the dishes and fold the laundry?
Translate spoken Chinese into spoken English in real time?
Write an intentionally funny story? 18
Unintentionally Funny Stories One day Joe Bear was hungry. He asked his friend
Irving Bird where some honey was. Irving told him there was a beehive in the oak tree. Joe walked to the oak tree. He ate the beehive. The End.
Henry Squirrel was thirsty. He walked over to the river bank where his good friend Bill Bird was sitting. Henry slipped and fell in the river. Gravity drowned. The End.
Once upon a time there was a dishonest fox and a vain crow. One day the crow was sitting in his tree, holding a piece of cheese in his mouth. He noticed that he was holding the piece of cheese. He became hungry, and swallowed the cheese. The fox walked over to the crow. The End.
[Shank, Tale-Spin System, 1984] 19
