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7/21/2019 01 Concept & Definition
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Concept & Definition of Health & Safety
Occupational safety and health(OSH) also commonly referred to as occupational health
and safety(OHS) or workplace health and safety(WHS) is an area concerned with
thesafety,healthandwelfareof people engaged in work or employment. The goals of
occupational safety and health programs include to foster a safe and healthy work
environment.!"OSH may also protect co#workers, family mem$ers, employers, customers,
and many others who might $e affected $y the workplace environment. %n the &nited States
the term occupational health and safety is referred to as occupational health and
occupational and non#occupational safety and includes safety for activities outside work.'"
Occupational safety and health can $e important for moral, legal, and financial reasons. %n
common#law urisdictions, employers have a common law duty (reflecting an underlying
moral o$ligation) to take reasona$le care for the safety of their employees, "Statute law may
$uild upon this to impose additional general duties, introduce specific duties and create
government $odies with powers to regulate workplace safety issues* details of this will vary
from urisdiction to urisdiction. +ood OSH practices can also reduce employee inury and
illness related costs, including medical care, sick leave and disa$ility $enefit costs.
s defined $y the World Health Organi-ation(WHO) occupational health deals with all
aspects of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention
of ha-ards./"Healthhas $een defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social
well#$eing and not merely the a$sence of disease or infirmity. 0"Occupational health is a
multidisciplinary field of healthcareconcerned with ena$ling an individual to undertake
theiroccupation,in the way that causes least harm to their health. Health has $een defined
as %t contrasts, for e1ample, with the promotion of health and safety at work, which is
concerned with preventing harm from any incidentalha-ards, arising in the workplace.
Since !203, the %nternational 4a$our Organi-ation(%4O) and theWorld Health
Organi-ation(WHO) have shared a common definition of occupational health. %t was adopted$y the 5oint %4O6WHO 7ommittee on Occupational Health at its first session in !203 and
revised at its twelfth session in !220. The definition reads*
The main focus in occupational health is on three different o$ectives* (i) the maintenance
and promotion of workers8 health and working capacity9 (ii) the improvement of working
environment and work to $ecome conducive to safety and health and (iii) development of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-Fanning-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-WAgdoc-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jobhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jobhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jobhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Labour_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safetyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-Fanning-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-WAgdoc-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jobhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Labour_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization7/21/2019 01 Concept & Definition
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work organi-ations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at
work and in doing so also promotes a positive social climate and smooth operation and may
enhance productivity of the undertakings. The concept of working culture is intended in this
conte1t to mean a reflection of the essential value systems adopted $y the undertaking
concerned. Such a culture is reflected in practice in the managerial systems, personnelpolicy, principles for participation, training policies and :uality management of the
undertaking.
;5oint %4O6WHO 7ommittee on Occupational Health