Upload
trinhduong
View
215
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
RESEARCH PROJECT
EAPP – HUMANITIES
Ancient Civilisations Research Project
For this project, you will:
Investigate two ancient civilizations Prepare a 5 to 10 minute PowerPoint presentation explaining the key
elements of these civilisations Write an essay comparing/contrasting two ancient civilizations
Part One:
Choose two ancient civilisations that interest you and research them.
Part Two:
Create a 5 to 10 minute PowerPoint presentation.
Part Three:
Present your project to the class.
Part Four:
Use the listening sheet to take notes on your classmates’ presentations.
Part Five:
Use what you have learned to write a 5-paragraph essay comparing and contrasting two [or more] ancient civilisations.
Part One: RESEARCH
Choose two [2] ancient civilisations that interest you from the following list:
Assyrians
Aztecs
Babylonians
Chavin
Incas
Indus Valley Civilisation
Mayans
Mesopotamians
Olmec
Persians
Sumerians
Helpful Internet sites:http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/
http://www.regentsprep.org
http://ancienthistory.about.com
www.nationalgeographic.com
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/westasia/history/assyrians.htm
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/MESO.HTM
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook03.html#Sumeria
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook05.html#Persia:%20General
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/westasia/history/persians.htm
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/civamrca/incas.htm
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/civamrca/mayas.htm
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ancindia/ancindia.htm
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ancchina/ancchina.htm
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/india/history/index.htm
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/china/history/index.htm
http://www.harappa.com/har/har1.html
Images
http://www.google.com/images
Maps
http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/bl/bl_maps_index.htm
RESEARCH NOTES:
a) Time Period
When did this civilization begin?
When did this civilization end?
b) Geography
Where was the civilization located?
What is that place called today?
What type of geographic setting exists there? [mountains, lakes, oceans, etc.]
c) Government
Who was the ruler of this civilization?
How was this civilization organized?
Did they have rules/laws?
d) Religion
What kind of religion did they have?
Did they worship one God [monotheistic], or many Gods [polytheistic]
Did they believe in life after death?
e) Technology
What was the major contribution of this civilization to the world at their time?
What inventions/innovations did they have?
How did they build their buildings, roads, etc.
What farming techniques did they use?
Can we still see any evidence of lasting contributions today?
f) Writing
What type of writing did they have?
g) Art/Architecture
What was the main form of art in this civilization?
What was their architecture [buildings] like?
What can we learn about them from their art?
Part Two: POWERPOINT
Prepare a PowerPoint document that you will present to the class. It should include information about the following key elements of the civilisations:
Time Period [when did the civilization begin & how long did it last?] Geography [location, description of the setting] Government Religion Technology [Inventions and/or Contributions] Writing Arts & Architecture
Each key element should be on a separate slide.
Part Three: ORAL PRESENTATION [5 to 10 minutes]
Stand up and speak LOUDLY and CLEARLY.
Include IMAGES on each slide that illustrate [show] what you are talking about.
Do NOT type too much text onto each slide and then just read during your presentation.
Give your presentation IN YOUR OWN WORDS.
Part Four: LISTENING
Use this listening chart to help you write notes as you listen to your classmates’ presentations. These notes will help you write the comparative essay. You will hand in this sheet so take careful notes. Ask questions if you miss something.
KEY ELEMENT CIVILISATION: CIVILISATION:
Time Period
Geography
Government
Religion
Technology [Inventions and/or Contributions]
Writing
Arts & Architecture
Part Five: ESSAY
Choose two of the ancient civilizations that the class has studied and write an essay comparing these. Include one of the civilisations that you researched and one that was researched by one of your classmates.
For your points of contrast you should choose three key elements to focus on.
Follow this outline as you write your essay:
Comparison/Contrast Essay OutlineA Contrast of Civilisation X and Civilisation Y
I. Introduction (Include a hook and a thesis statement including the points of contrast 1,2, and 3)
II. Topic Sentence: Point of Contrast 1 A. Civilisation X
1. Detail or example
2. Detail or example
B. Civilisation Y 1. Detail or example
2. Detail or example
III. Topic Sentence: Point of Contrast 2 A. Civilisation X
1. Detail or example
2. Detail or example
B. Civilisation Y 1. Detail or example
2. Detail or example
IV. Topic Sentence: Point of Contrast 3 A. Civilisation X
1. Detail or example
2. Detail or example
B. Civilisation Y 1. Detail or example
2. Detail or example
V. Conclusion
(with a summary of points, a restatement of thesis, and a final comment)
Example of a Comparative Essay: Comparing Cats and Dogs
Introduction
Cats and dogs make excellent pets, but you must think about pet management, the cost of owning the pet, and whether the pet will need special accommodation before you decide which pet will be the right one for you.
1.Topic Sentence: Point of contrast 1
Cats do not change their owner’s lifestyle as much as dogs do.
A: Cats1. Detail: Don’t have to be watched during the day 2. Detail: Easier to get care if the owner travels
B: Dogs 1. Detail: Shouldn’t be left alone 2. Detail: Harder to get care when the owner is away
2. Topic Sentence: Point of contrast 2
Cats are less expensive to own and care for than dogs.
A: Cats 1.Detail: Food and health care are usually less expensive
2.Detail: Less likely to cause property damage B: Dogs
1. Detail: Food is more expensive 2. Detail: Over-breeding causes some health problems
3. Topic Sentence: Point of contrast 3
Cats don’t need special accommodation.
A: Cats 1. Detail: Don’t take up much space2. Detail: Less trouble
B: Dogs 1. Detail: Often need a yard and a fence 2. Detail: Require more safety and protective measures
Conclusion
When considering adopting a pet, a prospective owner must consider their lifestyle, finances, and household accommodations that the pet would require. Owners who do not compare these aspects will often not care for their pet in a safe manner.
Cats and Dogs
Cats and dogs make excellent pets, but an appropriate choice depends on pet
management, cost, and accommodations.
The first difference between cats and dogs is management. Cats don’t have to be
watched during the day. It is easier to get care for a cat if the owner travels. In
contrast, dogs shouldn’t be left alone. They may get in trouble if they are left by
themselves. And it is more difficult to find a good dog resort or someone to look
after the dog if the owner travels.
The second difference is cost. Cats are less expensive to own and take care of.
Food and health care costs are usually fairly low. Also, cats are less likely to
damage property or hurt themselves. On the other hand, dogs often chew on
furniture, damage gates or fences and sometimes they get into fights and hurt
themselves.
The final difference is accommodations. Cats don’t take up much space. They
don’t need a large area to run around and they can take care of themselves most
of the time. They don’t cause trouble to their owners or other people. Dogs,
however, often need a yard or a fence. And because they like to bark and run
around, they need more safety and protective measures.
When considering adopting a pet, you must consider the management, cost and
accommodations that the pet would require. Owners who don’t think about these
aspects will often not care for their pet in a safe manner.
Useful phrases:
The first similarity/difference is…
One similarity…
Another point they have in common…
A further similarity…
Also, …
However, …
One difference is…
Another difference is…
A further dissimilarity…
In contrast…
On the other hand…
Finally….
…and…
…but…
…so…
Editing checklist:Did you…〇 Spell all the words correctly?
〇 Write in complete sentences?
〇 Use a capital letter at the beginning of each sentence?
〇 Use a period at the end of each sentence?
Word Bank: Agriculture
Ancient
Architecture
Calendar
City
Civilisation
Climate
Communicate
Compare
Contrast
Contribution
Culture
Cuneiform
Describe
Desert
Evidence
Explain
Hieroglyphics
Highlands
Innovation
Investigate
Irrigation
Label
Livestock
Location
Monotheistic
Papyrus
Plow
Polytheistic
Present
Reflect
Settlement
Sickle
Similar
Stylus
Summary/summarise
Technology
Timeline
Transportation
Unlike
Village
Forming Comparative and Superlative AdjectivesOne-syllable adjectives.Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est for the superlative.
One-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
tall taller tallest
old older oldest
long longer longest
Mary is taller than Max. Mary is the tallest of all the students. Max is older than John. Of the three students, Max is the oldest. My hair is longer than your hair. Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e Comparative Form Superlative Form
large larger largest
wise wiser wisest
Mary's car is larger than Max's car. Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block. Max is wiser than his brother. Max is the wisest person I know.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
big bigger biggest
thin thinner thinnest
fat fatter fattest
My dog is bigger than your dog. My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood. Max is thinner than John. Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest. My mother is fatter than your mother. Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen.
Two-syllable adjectives.
With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Two-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
peaceful more peaceful most peaceful
pleasant more pleasant most pleasant
careful more careful most careful
thoughtful more thoughtful most thoughtful
This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning. Max's house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world. Max is more careful than Mike. Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful. Jill is more thoughtful than your sister. Mary is the most thoughtful person I've ever met.
If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add –est.
Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y Comparative Form Superlative Form
happy happier happiest
angry angrier angriest
busy busier busiest
John is happier today than he was yesterday. John is the happiest boy in the world. Max is angrier than Mary. Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest. Mary is busier than Max. Mary is the busiest person I've ever met.
Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the comparative and superlative forms.
Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -er, -le, or -ow Comparative Form Superlative Form
narrow narrower narrowest
gentle gentler gentlest
The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city. This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California. Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.
Adjectives with three or more syllables. For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Adjective with Three or More Syllables Comparative Form Superlative Form
generous more generous most generous
important more important most important
intelligent more intelligent most intelligent
John is more generous than Jack. John is the most generous of all the people I know. Health is more important than money. Of all the people I know, Max is the most important. Women are more intelligent than men. Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met.
Exceptions.
Irregular adjectives:
Irregular Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
good better best
bad worse worst
far farther farthest
little less least
many more most
Italian food is better than American food. My dog is the best dog in the world. My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking. Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most.Two-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form
clever cleverer cleverest
clever more clever most clever
gentle gentler gentlest
gentle more gentle most gentle
friendly friendlier friendliest
friendly more friendly most friendly
quiet quieter quietest
quiet more quiet most quiet
simple simpler simplest
simple more simple most simple
Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest. Big dogs are more gentle than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the most gentle.
Grammar worksheets taken from: http://www.eflnet.com/tutorials/adjcompsup.php