EPC Exhibit 136-174/26/13

THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

Dewey Section

To: Caroline Kent, ChairDecimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee

Cc: Members of the Decimal Classification Editorial Policy CommitteeKarl E. Debus-López, Chief, U.S. General Division

From: Michael Panzer, Editor in ChiefWinton E. Matthews, Consulting Assistant EditorDewey Decimal ClassificationOCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc.

Re: Weapons

Nonlethal weapons

At EPC 134 meeting, we were asked where nonlethal weapons would be classed.

Webster’s Third New International Dictionary defines a weapon as an instrument of offensive or defensive combat : something to fight with.

The Department of Defense defines non-lethal weapons as follows:weapons, devices and munitions that are explicitly designed and primarily employed to immediately incapacitate targeted personnel or materiel, while minimizing fatalities, permanent injury to personnel, and undesired damage to property in the target area or environment. Non-lethal weapons are intended to have reversible effects on personnel and materiel. Non-lethal weapons are designed and employed to achieve military objectives while minimizing human casualties or damage to property and equipment.

From http://jnlwp.defense.gov/about/purpose.html#definition extracted 4/18/2013

Nonlethal weapons are used both by military and police forces. Some are used by civilians for self-defense, e.g., pepper spray. The weapons are either anti-vehicle or anti-personnel.

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A firearm is nonlethal when nonlethal rounds are used. Examples of these rounds are rubber bullets (including those with electroshock effect), wax bullets, plastic bullets, beanbag rounds, and ring airfoil projectiles (both kinetic and tear gas projectiles).

Hand grenades come in several less-lethal varieties, such as "flashbang" (stun) grenades, "sting" grenades with rubber shrapnel, and grenades designed to release chemical irritants (described below).

Examples of gases and sprays are water from water cannons, malodorants that produce smells so horrible they cause people to leave the affected area, tear gas, pepper spray, and mace.

Electroshock weapons are incapacitant weapons used for subduing a person by administering electric shock aimed at disrupting superficial muscle functions. One type is a conductive energy device (CED), an electroshock gun popularly known by the brand name "Taser", which fires projectiles that administer the shock through a thin, flexible wire. Other electroshock weapons such as stun guns, stun batons, and electroshock belts administer an electric shock by direct contact.

Directed energy weapons are weapons that emit energy in an aimed direction without the means of a projectile. They are nonlethal and can immobilize people as well as machines (e.g., vehicles). Directed energy weapons include electromagnetic weapons (including laser weapons), particle beam weapons, and sonic weapons.

Recommendation

The above information indicates that any type of weapon can be a nonlethal weapon. Thus, the topic of nonlethal weapons is a general aspect of weapons. We recommend that “nonlethal weapons” should be given in a class-here note at the numbers for weapons. (See the proposed schedules in “Comprehensive works number for military engineering of weapons” and “Military science aspects of weapons and ordnance”.)

However, when we reviewed when weapons are mentioned in the schedules, we noticed several problems areas, which are given next. Weapons

In the following problem areas, the following two items are applied:“Civilian” means non-military. These weapons are used both by police and similar forces, e.g., transportation security forces, and by individuals for self-protection or for equipment in a sporting event.

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Unless specifically mentioned, combat vehicles, e.g., fighter planes, tanks, are not part of the exhibit.

Comprehensive works number for military engineering of weapons

Is 623.4 “Ordnance” or 623.44 “Small arms and other weapons” the comprehensive works number for military engineering of weapons?

The index entry for the military engineering of weapons is:Weapons

engineering 623.4Thus, according to the index, 623.4 Ordnance is the comprehensive works number.

On the other hand, when one looks in the schedule, the first mention of weapons is at 623.44 Small arms and other weapons. The subdivisions of 623.44 are:

623.441 Weaponry of prefirearm origin623.442 Portable firearms623.443 Handguns623.445 Chemical weapons623.446 Destructive radiation weapons623.447 Destructive vibration weapons

Thus, it would seem as if 623.44 was the comprehensive works number.

However, other weapons are given in the subdivisions of 623.4 Ordnance, which are:623.41   Artillery623.42   Specific pieces of artillery623.43   Gun mounts623.44   Small arms and other weapons623.45   Ammunition and other destructive agents623.46   Accessories

Because various kinds of weapons are mentioned in 623.41, 623.42, 623.44, and 623.45, which included bombs and missiles, 623.4 is the correct number for weapons. (The index entry is correct.)

Because 623.4 is the comprehensive works number for weapons, what is meant by “other weapons” in the caption at 623.44 “Small arms and other weapons”? There are three possible interpretations:

1) Does “other weapons” mean “other than small arms”?This is an interpretation that presents 623.44 as a comprehensive weapons number candidate, but this interpretation is wrong.

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2) Is the caption to be understood as “small (arms and other weapons)”?Because some of the weapons in 623.44 are not small, e.g., catapults (mentioned in the including note at 623.441, the caption cannot be understood as “small (arms and other weapons)”.

3) Does the “other” refer only to the weapons given in 623.44 that are not small arms? This interpretation is correct. However, this interpretation requires miscellaneous, not other, as part of the caption and a limiting scope note. (See Editorial Rule 4.8 “Miscellaneous” headings and Rule 4.9 “Other heading”).

Recommendations

We recommend adding “Class here weapons” to the 623.4 entry. We also recommend adding “nonlethal weapons” to the new class-here note. (See recommendation given above.)

At 623.44, we recommend changing the “other” to “miscellaneous” and adding a limiting scope note.

623.4 Ordnance

Class here weapons, nonlethal weapons

Class combat ships in 623.82

For combat vehicles, see 623.74

623.44 Small arms and other miscellaneous weapons

Standard subdivisions are added for small arms and other miscellaneous weapons together, for small arms alone

Only those named below

Class here side arms

Class artistic aspects of arms and armor in 739.7. Class vehicle-mounted small arms with the vehicle, e.g., armored cars 623.7475

See also 623.455 for small arms ammunition

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Military science aspects of weapons and ordnance

Currently in Military science are the following entries:

355.8 Military equipment and supplies (Matériel)Class here weapons (ordnance); . . .

355.81 Clothing, food, camp equipment, office supplies355.82 Specific kinds of weapons (ordnance)

For combat vehicles, see 355.83355[.8201-.8209] Standard subdivisions

Do not use; class in 355.801-355.809355.821 Artillery355.822 Specific pieces of artillery355.823-.826 Other specific kinds of weapons355.83 Transportation equipment and supplies

Class here combat vehicles355.85 Communication equipment355.88 Medical supplies

_______________________> 356-359 Specific kinds of military forces and warfare

Except for modifications shown under specific entries, add to each subdivision identified by * as follows:****

8 Equipment and supplies (Matériel)Class here weapons

82 Weapons other than combat vehicles83 Combat vehicles

At 355.8, ordnance and weapons are synonymous terms. However, ordnance is defined in Webster’s Third New International Dictionary as military supplies including weapons, ammunition, combat vehicles, and maintenance tools and equipment. Should the class-here note at 355.8 be changed from “Class here weapons (ordnance);” to “Class here ordnance;”? Should the heading at 355.82 be changed from “Specific kinds of weapons (ordnance)” to “Weapons”?

The notation 1-7 in the 356-359 add table is a cut-down version of 355.1-355.7. Notation 8 is a modified version of 355.8. Should notation 8 be more of a version of 355.8?

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Recommendations:

The class-here note at 355.8 should be limited to ordnance, the heading at 355.82 changed to Weapons, and “Class here nonlethal weapons” added at 355.82. The same changes should be made in the add table. These changes do not parallel the development at 623.4, which does not include the other supplies given in 355.8.

However, we do not recommend adding more provisions to notation 8 in the add table to make a development that is exactly parallel to 355.8.

355.8 Military equipment and supplies (Matériel)

Limited to equipment and supplies common to two or more land forces, or to at least two of the three major defense forces, e.g., missiles and tanks, supplies of land and sea forces

Including auxiliary techniques and procedures

Class here weapons (ordnance); apparatus, equipment, materials; military aspects of research and development (other than procurement and contracting) of specific kinds of equipment and supplies

Class mobilization of military industrial resources in 355.28; class comprehensive works on military aspects of research and development of equipment and supplies, of weapons in 355.07; class weapons limited to a specific land force in 356–357. Class interdisciplinary works on research and development of a specific kind of supplies and equipment with the kind in338.47, e.g., small arms 338.4762344

For administration of specific kinds of equipment and supplies, see 355.621

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355.82 Specific kinds of weapons (ordnance) Weapons

Class specific kinds of weapons a kind of weapon limited to a specific land force in 356–357

Class here nonlethal weapons

For combat vehicles, see 355.83

See also 327.174 for problems of arms limitation and of verifying arms-control treaty provisions for specific kinds of weapons

See Manual at 355–359 vs. 623

355[.820 1–.820 9] Standard subdivisions

Do not use; class in 355.801–355.809

_______________________> 356–359 Specific kinds of military forces and warfare

Class here history of specific military forces not limited to any one war, services and units dedicated to specific forces, countermeasures against specific forces

All notes under 355 are applicable here

Except for modifications shown under specific entries, add to each subdivision identified by * as follows:

+ + +8 Equipment and supplies (Matériel)

Class here weapons ordnance82 Weapons other than combat vehicles

Class here nonlethal weaponsFor combat vehicles, see 83

83 Combat vehicles

Class comprehensive works in 355. Class a specific countermeasure with the force wielding it, e.g., coast artillery 358.16 (not 359)

See Manual at 355–359 vs. 623; also at 930–990 vs. 355.009, 355–359Comprehensive works number for engineering and manufacturing of weapons

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The interrelationship between engineering and manufacturing is given in the notes in the following two entries:

620 Engineering and allied operationsClass here manufacturing of products of various branches of engineeringClass comprehensive works on manufacturing in 670

670 ManufacturingClass here manufactured productsClass military applications in 623 . . .

For manufacture of products based on specific branches of engineering, see 620; . . . for manufacture of final products for specific uses not provided for elsewhere, see 680

Both the engineering and manufacturing of military weapons are classed in 623.4. The class-elsewhere note at 670 indicates that military applications are classed in 623. In addition, the first see reference at 670 indicates that products of specific branches of engineering are classed in 620, of which 623.4 is a subdivision.

The manufacturing of final products for specific uses not provided for elsewhere is classed in 680. A subdivision of 680 is 683.4 Small firearms.

How to handle weapons in 683 “Hardware and household appliances” is complicated. 683.4 “Small firearms” also covers ammunition, but it does not cover other types of weapons. Thus, where would weapons that are not normally used by the military, e.g., tasers, class? Currently at 683.4 there are the following two notes: “Class here interdisciplinary works on small firearms” and “For military small firearms, see 623.442”. Should this development be applied to all weapons? The problem is that the technology of weapons, whether military or civilian, is basically the same. 

In many cases, similar works on military small firearms have been classed in 623.442 and 683.4. Appendix 1 “Works from WorldCat about pistols” gives examples of this situation.

While drafting this exhibit, the Dewey Section got Jerry Lee’s “Standard Catalog of Handguns, the collector’s price and reference guide” to classify. The catalog is arranged by manufacturer, then by specific model of handgun. For each handgun, there is a detailed description of the gun, but no indication of whether the gun is for military use, civilian use, or both. The only time that one can tell the gun is for civilian use is by the name of the gun, e.g., Glock 17L Competition Model.

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There are three possible approaches on how to develop weapons at 683.4 and related developments at 623.44:

1) Use 683 for all types of civilian weaponsEnlarge 683.4 for “Small arms” to “Small arms and non-military weapons” and to add 683.44 Electroshock weapons (where tasers would class) and 683.45 Chemical weapons (where pepper spray would class). Usually, the comprehensive number for a branch of engineering that has both military and civilian applications is with the civilian application. For example, 623.6 is the number for military transportation engineering, but the comprehensive engineering number is 629.04 Transportation engineering. The major exception is 623.8 Nautical engineering and seamanship, which is for both military and civilian naval craft.

The other aspect is that some weapons, e.g., tasers, were first developed for civilian use and have little or no military use.

2) Use 623.44 for all weapons, other than small armsLimit 683.4 to small arms, make 623.44 the technology number for both military and civilian weapons, add a reference at 623.44 to 683.4 for interdisciplinary works on small arms, and add 623.444 for Electroshock weapons.

3) Use 623.44 for all weaponsMake 623.44 the technology number for all weapons (both military and civilian) and relocate small arms from 683.4 to 623.44, rifles and shotguns from 683.42 to 623.4425, handguns from 683.43 to 623.445, and ammunition from 683.406 to 623.45.

Discussion

Approach 1 is based upon the current split of military and civilian small arms. Would there be a problem on determining whether or not the weapon is only for military use or it can also have civilian uses?

Approaches 2 and 3 enlarge 623.44 to both military and civilian weapons.

While approach 3 would put technology of all weapons in the same location, it would require the relocation of 683.4 to 623.44. Currently, there are 3,688 titles in WorldCat at 683.4 and its subdivisions. Thus, we do not recommend approach 3.

Currently, we cannot decide between approaches 1 and 2 and need your input.

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Comprehensive works number for engineering and manufacturing of weaponry of prefirearm origin

The including note at 623.441 Weaponry of prefirearm origin gives the following weapons: armor, bayonets, bows and arrows, catapults, knives, maces, shields, spears, swords, tomahawks.

The notes in the following 670 entry indicate that the manufacturing of these weapons can be in two different numbers.

670 ManufacturingClass here manufactured productsClass military applications in 623 . . .

For manufacture of products based on specific branches of engineering, see 620; . . . for manufacture of final products for specific uses not provided for elsewhere, see 680

The first see reference indicates that weapons of prefirearm origin used for military purposes are classed in 623.441. The other see reference indicates that weapons of prefirearm origin used for recreational purposes are classed in 688.7686 Equipment for fencing and 688.79 Equipment for fishing, hunting, shooting.

Discussion

Many of these weapons were previously used for military purposes but are now used for recreational purposes. Should comprehensive works on the manufacture of them be 623.441, or a number in 688.7?

Since this type of weaponry was first used as military weapons, the first approach would be to retain 623.441 as the comprehensive works for technology.

Because several of the weapons are now mainly used for recreational purposes, the second approach would be to use a number in 688.7.

The approach used should be similar to the approach followed in “Comprehensive works number for engineering and manufacturing of weapons”.

Interdisciplinary number for weapons and specific weapons

The choice of the interdisciplinary number is usually between the 355.8 and the 623.4 number. For small firearms, the number is 683.4. In several cases, there is no interdisciplinary number

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for a specific weapon. The table in Appendix 2 gives the interdisciplinary number for weapons given in the index.

For many specific military weapons, the interdisciplinary number for a specific weapon is 355.8, e.g.,

Machine guns 355.82424military engineering 623.4424military equipment 355.82424

This use of 355.8 for the location of the interdisciplinary number follows the usual pattern of classing an object with its use, not with the manufacture of the object.

The current indexing for “Weapons” and “Guns (Small arms)” is:

Weaponsengineering 623.4military 355.8

see also Arms (Military)small firearms 683.4

see also Guns (Small arms)

Guns (Small arms) 683.4manufacturing technology 683.4military engineering 623.442military equipment 355.8242shooting game 799.213target shooting 799.31

The above shows that there is no interdisciplinary number for weapons, and that the interdisciplinary number for guns is the manufacturing number, not the use number. What is the interdisciplinary number for weapons? Should it be the manufacturing number; and if so, should it be the 623 or 683 number? (See Comprehensive works number for engineering and manufacturing of weaponry of prefirearm origin) If a use number is chosen, should the interdisciplinary number for guns be changed?

In many cases, the interdisciplinary number went from a 623 number in DDC20 to a 355 number in DDC21. For example in the following index entry:083 04 $a 355.82543 $0 (OCoLC-D)ocd00071394 $2 21 $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE $9 ess=ieh 083 04 $a 355.82543 $0 (OCoLC-D)ocd00139095 $2 22 $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE $9 ess=ieh 083 04 $a 355.82543 $0 (OCoLC-D)ocd00139095 $2 23 $5 OCoLC-D $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE 083 04 $a 355.82543 $0 (OCoLC-D)ocd00139095 $2 23eng350 $5 OCoLC-D083 04 $a 623.4543 $0 (OCoLC-D)ocd00029345 $2 20 $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE $9 ess=ieh

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150 ## $a Tactical rocketsThe $2 subfield gives the edition for with the number is associated with the index heading.

However, the change did not occur for all types of weapons. In the following schedule example, 623.446 is the interdisciplinary number for “Heat weapons” and “Thermal weapons”, 358.3982 for “Radiation weapons”, and no ID number for “Laser weapons”.

153 ## $a 623.446 $e 623.44  $j Destructive radiation weapons $9 ess=en $9 ess=eh 750 #7 $a Heat weapons $0 (OCoLC-D)och00058009 $2 ddcri $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE 750 #7 $a Laser weapons $x engineering $0 (OCoLC-D)och00070387 $2 ddcri $9 as=AP

$9 ps=PE 750 #7 $a Radiation weapons $x engineering $0 (OCoLC-D)och00102184 $2 ddcri $9 as=AP

$9 ps=PE 750 #7 $a Thermal weapons $0 (OCoLC-D)och00123687 $2 ddcri $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE

Discussion

The usual pattern of classing an object with its use, not with the manufacture of the object, is based on the assumption that there is usually only one or two uses. The same weapon can have military, police, and civilian uses, e.g., sports. However, the technology to produce the weapon is the same (no matter the use). In this case, the technology number seems to be the interdisciplinary number. In addition, the interdisciplinary number should be the same as the comprehensive works number for engineering and manufacturing of the weapon.

Should the approach given in the above paragraph be followed if the weapon currently only (or primarily) has a military use? For example, should the interdisciplinary number for machine guns remain in 355.8?

If the main use of the weapon is now as the equipment in a recreational activity, should the interdisciplinary number be associated with the recreational activity? For example, bows-and-arrows are primarily used as recreational equipment, and the interdisciplinary number is 799.20285 Equipment used for recreation hunting. Is that the correct interdisciplinary number?

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Appendices

Appendix 1: Works from WorldCat about pistols

Works classed in 623.4432 Pistols (Military engineering)

100 Clawson, Charles W.245 Collector's guide to Colt .45 service pistols : $b models of 1911 and 1911A1 : from 1911

to the end of production in 1945 : complete military identification, including all contractors

650 Pistols.650 Colt firearms.

100 Davis, Aarron.245 Standard catalog of Luger : $b identification & pricing for all models, every variation650 Luger pistol $v Catalogs.650 Luger pistol $x History.

100 Kinard, Jeff.245 Pistols : $b an illustrated history of their impact490 Weapons and warfare650 Pistols $x History.

100 Skennerton, Ian D.245 .22 Hi-Standard pistols : $b handbook for identification, stripping & assembly, service &

maintenance, operation & function, illustrated parts lists, accessories & spares, historical memoranda, further references

260 Grants Pass, Or. : $b Arms & Militaria Press ; $a Labrador, [Qld] : $b Arms & MilitariaPress, $c c2009.

650 Pistols $v Handbooks, manuals, etc.

100 Skennerton, Ian D.245 Glock pistols : $b handbook for identification, stripping & assembly, service &

maintenance, operation & function, illustrated parts lists, accessories & spares, historical memoranda, further references

260 Grants Pass, Or. : $b Arms & Militaria Press ; $a Labrador, [Qld] : $b Arms & MilitariaPress, $c c2009.

650 Pistols $v Handbooks, manuals, etc.

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Works classed in 683.432 Pistols (Manufacturing)

100 Brower, Bailey.245 Savage pistols650 Savage firearms $x History.

100 Miller, David ‡q (David M. O.)245 The illustrated catalog of handguns505 Historic handguns -- Civil War handguns -- Taming the frontier -- Two world wars –

Modern handguns.650 Pistols ‡x History.650 Pistols ‡v Catalogs.

100 Poyer, Joe.245 The Model 1911 and Model 1911A1 military and commercial pistols650 Automatic pistols $x Design and construction.

100 Sweeney, Patrick.245 The Gun Digest book of the glock650 Glock pistols.

Appendix 2: Interdisciplinary Numbers for Weapons

In the table, “None” means there is no indication of an interdisciplinary number as a weapon. Usually, there is a military-engineering subentry. “None (Sports)” means there is a sports subentry. “None (Art)” means there is an art-metalwork subentry.

Weapon (Index heading) Number TopicAutomatic rifles NoneBlowpipes (Weapons)  None (Sports)Bolas  None (Sports)Boomerangs None (Sports)Harquebuses None (Art)HEAT projectiles None High-explosive ammunition NoneLaser weapons NoneMissile-hurling weapons None (Art)Muskets NoneOffensive arms NonePoison gas NonePrimitive weapons None (Art)Shells (Ammunition) None

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Weapon (Index heading) Number TopicSide arms NoneSlings None (Sports)Space artillery NoneSpring guns None (Art)Tear gas NoneWeapons NoneArms (Military) 355.8 Military scienceArtillery 355.821 Military scienceGuns (Artillery) 355.821 Military scienceCannons 355.822 Military scienceHowitzers 355.822 Military scienceMortars (Weapons) 355.822 Military scienceRocket launchers (Crew-served weapons) 355.822 Military scienceMachine guns 355.82424 Military scienceSubmachine guns 355.82424 Military scienceAmmunition 355.825 Military scienceBiological weapons 355.8251 Military scienceBombs 355.8251 Military scienceMines (Weapons) 355.825115 Military scienceNuclear weapons 355.825119 Military scienceBlockbusters (Ammunition) 355.82517 Military science Tactical rockets 355.82543 Military scienceBazookas 356.162 Military scienceRocket launchers (Portable weapons) 356.162 Military scienceField artillery 358.1282 Military scienceCoast artillery 358.1682 Military scienceBallistic missiles 358.17182 Military scienceGuided missiles 358.17182 Military scienceMissiles 358.17182 Military scienceNuclear missiles 358.17182 Military scienceRocket weapons 358.17182 Military scienceRocket-propelled guided missiles 358.17182 Military scienceStrategic missiles 358.17182 Military scienceSurface-to-surface guided missiles 358.17182 Military scienceABM (Missiles) 358.17482 Military scienceAntiballistic missiles 358.17482 Military scienceAntimissile missiles 358.17482 Military scienceInterceptor missiles 358.17482 Military scienceSurface-to-air guided missiles 358.17482 Military scienceShort-range ballistic missiles 358.175282 Military scienceIntermediate-range ballistic missiles 358.175382 Military scienceIRBM (Missiles) 358.175382 Military scienceICBM (Missiles) 358.175482 Military scienceIntercontinental ballistic missiles 358.175482 Military science

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Weapon (Index heading) Number TopicLong-range ballistic missiles 358.175482 Military scienceSurface-to-underwater guided missiles 358.17682 Military scienceWeapons of mass destruction 358.3 Military science Chemical weapons 358.3482 Military scienceRadiation weapons 358.3982 Military scienceAir-to-underwater guided missiles 358.42 Military scienceAir-to-surface guided missiles 358.4282 Military scienceAir-to-air guided missiles 358.43 Military scienceGuided missiles in space 358.882 Military scienceTorpedoes (Ammunition) 359.82517 Military scienceNaval artillery 359.981282 Military science Polaris missiles 359.981782 Military scienceUnderwater guided missiles 359.981782 Military scienceKnives 621.932 ToolsGun mounts 623.43 Military engineeringArmor (Wearable) 623.441 Military engineeringBattle-axes 623.441 Military engineeringBayonets 623.441 Military engineeringBody armor 623.441 Military engineeringCatapults 623.441 Military engineeringCuirasses 623.441 Military engineeringDaggers 623.441 Military engineeringDirks 623.441 Military engineeringEdged weapons 623.441 Military engineeringHelmets (Armor) 623.441 Military engineeringLances 623.441 Military engineeringMaces (Weapons) 623.441 Military engineeringPikes (Weapons) 623.441 Military engineeringSabers 623.441 Military engineeringScimitars 623.441 Military engineeringShields (Armor) 623.441 Military engineeringSpears 623.441 Military engineeringSwords 623.441 Military engineeringTomahawks 623.441 Military engineeringGrenade launchers 623.442 Military engineeringFlame throwers 623.445 Military engineeringSmoke bomb launchers 623.445 Military engineeringTear-gas canister launchers 623.445 Military engineeringHeat weapons 623.446 Military engineeringThermal weapons 623.446 Military engineeringUltrasonic weapons 623.447 Military engineeringVibration weapons 623.447 Military engineeringGrenades 623.45114 Military engineeringHand grenades 623.45114 Military engineering

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Weapon (Index heading) Number TopicRifle grenades 623.45114 Military engineeringArtillery projectiles 623.4513 Military engineeringAntipersonnel devices 623.4514 Military engineeringBooby traps 623.4514 Military engineeringCluster bombs 623.4514 Military engineeringShrapnel devices 623.4514 Military engineeringBiological projectiles 623.4516 Military engineeringChemical projectiles 623.4516 Military engineeringIncendiary weapons 623.4516 Military engineeringPoison gas projectiles 623.4516 Military engineeringSmoke bombs 623.4516 Military engineeringAP ammunition 623.4518 Military engineeringArmor-piercing ammunition 623.4518 Military engineeringHigh-velocity armor-piercing ammunition 623.4518 Military engineeringHVAP ammunition 623.4518 Military engineeringAir guns 683.4 ManufacturingArms (Small firearms) 683.4 ManufacturingFirearms 683.4 ManufacturingGuns (Small arms) 683.4 ManufacturingMuzzle-loading firearms 683.4 ManufacturingPortable firearms 683.4 ManufacturingSmall firearms 683.4 ManufacturingCarbines 683.422 ManufacturingRifles 683.422 ManufacturingShotguns 683.426 ManufacturingHandguns 683.43 ManufacturingAutomatic pistols 683.432 ManufacturingPistols 683.432 ManufacturingSingle-shot pistols 683.432 ManufacturingRevolvers 683.436 ManufacturingBows and arrows 799.20285 Sports

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