Kingdom ProtistaUnit 3

Intro Video

What is a Protist? Protists are eukaryotes that are not member of

the Plant, Animal or Fungi kingdoms.

Most (but not all) are unicellular

Classification of Protists

One way protists can be classified is by how they obtain nutrition:o Heterotrophs- called animal-like protistso Photosynthesizers- called plant-like protistso Decomposers and parasites- called fungus-like protists.

Animal-like: Amoeba Plant-like: Euglena

Fungus-like: Slime Molds

Animal-Like Protists There are four phyla of animal-like protists

o Zooglagellateso Sarcodineso Ciliateso Sporozoans

Animal-like protists are classified by their means of movement.

Zooflagellates Animal-like protists that swim using flagella are

called zooflagellates.

Flagella are long, whiplike projections that allow a cell to move.

Sarcodines Sarcodines are animal-like protists that have

pseudopods.

Pseudopods (false foot) are temporary cytoplasmic projections used for feeding or movement.

Amoeba Flexible, active cells with thick pseudopods that

extend out of the central mass of the cell.

Ciliates Cilates use cilia for feeding and movement. Cilia are short hair like projections that propel a

cell. The paramecium is an example of a ciliate.

o The cilia are grouped into rows and bundles and beat in a regular pattern.

Paramecium

Sporozoans Sporozoans do not move on their own- they are

parasitic Some animal-like protists cause serious diseases,

such as malia

Amoeba and Paramecium Colouring

Bill Nye Greatest Discoveries: Biology

Warm-Up! Label the following parts on the below

paramecium.o Ciliao Oral Grooveo Micronucleuso Macronucleuso Trichocysts

Amoeba-Overview Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Protista, Phylum:

Sarcodina

contain pseudopods= false feet

Pseudopods used for both movement and feedingo Feeding: Phagocytosis- pseudopods extend out and

wrap around food particles, making a food vacuole. The food will eventually be digested by the lysosomes.

The contractile vacuole is used to pump out excess water out of the cell.

Paramecium- Overview Domain:Eukarya, Kingdom: Protista, Phylum:

Cilaphora Move by tiny hair-like projections called cilia. The pellicle is a thick outer membrane, reason

Paramecium cannot change their shape. Two types of nuclei: Macronucleus and

Micronucleus Feeding: Heterotrophs, food enters through the

oral groove, and become a food vacuole. Undigested food particles are eliminated through the anal pore.

Trichocysts are threadlike structures used as a defense mechanism

Plant-Like Protists Plant-like protists contain chlorophyll and carry

out photosynthesis. Plant-like protists are commonly called “algae” Algae are sometimes classified with the plants.

Euglena

Euglena-Overview Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Protists, Phylum:

Euglenophyta Move through the use of a flagella Feeding: can be both an autotroph and a

heterotropho Autotroph: sunlight and the use of chloroplasts ,

Eyespot can detect light.o Heterotroph: absorbing nutrients across the cell

membrane Firm cell membrane called a pellicle Contractile Vacuole that removes excess water

from the cell

Euglena Colouring

Protist Assignment Pg 498: #1,3,4,5 Pg 505: #1,2 Pg 523: #1,2,4, 11, 13

Assignment is due on Thursday Oct 30th.