+ What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass AND volume.
Almost everything in the universe is made of matter. Animals, air,
water, even the sun. Examples of things that are not made of matter
are light and sound.
Slide 3
+ What is Mass? Mass describes the amount of matter that is in
an object. Mass does not measure the size of an object, only how
much mass is in it? Is it possible for objects that are the same
size to have different masses? The main unit of measure for mass is
the gram (g). However, scientists also use milligrams (mg) and
kilograms (kg). What has more mass, a ton of feathers or a ton of
bricks?
Slide 4
+ Mass vs. Weight Mass measures the amount of matter in an
object. Gravity does not have an affect on the mass of an object.
Weight measures the gravitational force on an object. Weight can
change if the gravity changes. MassWeight
Slide 5
+ Walking on the moon
Slide 6
+ Measuring Mass & Weight To measure the mass of small
objects, we often use a triple beam balance. These balances use
countermasses to compare to the mass of the object. To measure the
weight of objects, a spring scale can be used. (We used these last
semester, and they are often in supermarkets).
Slide 7
+ What is Volume? Volume is a measurement of how much space an
object occupies. (The size of an object) The units that scientists
use for volume are cubic centimeters (cc, cm 3 or milliliters (mL).
There are many ways to determine the volume of an object. If the
object is a regular shape, we can use a formula to calculate the
volume. For example the volume of a rectangular box is V= (length)
(width) (height) If the object has irregular shape we can use water
displacement.
Slide 8
+ Volume by Formula When using a formula, it is best to follow
these steps. 1 st Write down the information you know about the
object 2 nd Draw and label the object 3 rd Write the formula 4 th
Substitute the measurements 5 th Make your calculations Some
important formulae to remember are: Rectangular box:
V=(length)(width)(height) Triangular prism: V=1/2(base)(height)
Sphere: V= 4/3()(r) 3
Slide 9
+ Volume by Displacement For objects with irregular shapes, you
can use a beaker or graduated cylinder to determine the volume of
that object. Because two objects cannot occupy the same space at
the same time, if you place an object in water, the water will move
(displaced). What happens when you fill a cup all the way, THEN put
ice in the cup? A liquids volume is measured in liters (L) or
milliliters (mL). 1mL = 1 cm 3 To use water displacement: 1 st
place water into a beaker/graduated cylinder 2 nd measure the
amount of water (initial volume) 3 rd place the object into the
water 4 th measure the new volume (final volume) 5 th subtract the
original volume from the final volume V= (final vol.)(initial
vol.)