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© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
What are the three main food groups we need?
carbohydrates
proteins
fats
These are all compounds
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
Carbohydrates ...
... are made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
Fats ...
... are also made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but have different numbers of atoms and are arranged differently fromcarbohydrates.
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
Proteins ...
... are also made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen PLUSnitrogen.
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
What else?
There are other important things we need in our diet as well:
• Vitamins
• Minerals
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
What are minerals?
Minerals are compounds with metals in them.
We need:
• calcium: for bones and teeth
• phosphorus: for bones and teeth and to help musclesto work
• iron: to carry oxygen in the blood
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
... and sodium
What compound do we eat that gives us sodium?
sodium chloride
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7.5 Foods are compounds
What does sodium do for us?
• It helps muscles and nerves work
• It helps maintain the right level of water inside the body
• It regulates blood pressure
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7.5 Foods are compounds
How much salt and sodium do you need?
You need no more than 2400 milligrams (2.4 grams) of sodium per day.
This is the amount of sodium in 6 grams, or 1 teaspoon, of salt.
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
What happens if you take in too much salt?
• We think that too much salt in your diet can lead to highblood pressure.
• High blood pressure is one of the main causes of heart attacksand strokes in the UK.
© Oxford University Press 2008
7.5 Foods are compounds
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