© ORCA Education Limited 2005 Micro-Nutrients Water and Fibre New Words

© ORCA Education Limited 2005

Micro-Nutrients Water and FibreMicro-Nutrients Water and Fibre

NewWords

© ORCA Education Limited (2005)and suppliers, all rights reserved

Vitamins Micronutrients are vitamins and

minerals. Vitamins are needed for good

health and growth. Most foods contain some

vitamins and eating a variety of foods should meet the needs of most people.

Vitamin deficiency is rare in Britain today.

There are two groups of vitamins:

water-soluble and fat-soluble.

Water soluble inc. vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and the B group.

Dissolve in water and cannot be stored in the body.

Water soluble inc. vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and the B group.

Dissolve in water and cannot be stored in the body.

Fat soluble

inc. vitamins A, D, E and K. Can be stored in the body

including the liver. *

Fat soluble

inc. vitamins A, D, E and K. Can be stored in the body

including the liver. *


Why does she need vitamins?

Which foods have manufactured vitamins added to them? *

Which foods have manufactured vitamins added to them? *

Natural Antioxidants may reduce risk of cancer and heart disease.

Carrots, broccoli, vegetable oils, tomatoes, citrus fruits are some foods that are high in antioxidants.

Vitamins are vital for her health including:

bonesbones

teethteeth skinskin

body tissuebody tissue

bloodblood

nervous systemnervous system

energyenergy

fertilityfertility

healing woundshealing wounds

prevent anaemiaprevent anaemia

vitalityvitality

antioxidants.antioxidants.


Minerals We eat for enjoyment but we must

also eat what our body needs. There are 19 different minerals

needed by the body. The main ones are calcium,

phosphorous, potassium, sodium and chlorides (table salt) and magnesium.

Some minerals are needed only in small amounts called trace elements such as iron, copper and zinc.

They each do different things which help to maintain body processes and body tissue.


Calcium

What happens if the body is deficient in

calcium? *

What happens if the body is deficient in

calcium? *

Calcium is abundant in many foods and hard drinking water

The teeth and bones contain 99% of the calcium in the body.

It is also used for the heart, muscles and nervous system.

We need to eat enough calcium while bones are growing and thickening.

Elderly people who may suffer from osteoporosis also need calcium.

Vitamin D is needed for the absorption of calcium.


Iron Iron forms part of

haemoglobin in red blood cells used for transporting oxygen around the body.

There are two forms:

Tea and coffee, phytates found in raw bran and phospho-protein in eggs will inhibit absorption.

Haem iron

Found in animal based foods, easily absorbed.

Haem iron

Found in animal based foods, easily absorbed.

Non-haem

Found in plant foods, not so easily absorbed but absorption is increased when eaten with

vitamin C rich foods.

Non-haem

Found in plant foods, not so easily absorbed but absorption is increased when eaten with

vitamin C rich foods.


Cooking15%

Natural10% Processsed

Food75%

Salt

How can we cut down on our salt intake? *

How can we cut down on our salt intake? *

The body needs salt for water balance, nerve and muscle function.

Too much salt is linked with high blood pressure and heart disease.

The recommended daily intake is 6gms but the average is 9gms.

Where does the salt in our diet come from?


Why do we need water? About 65% of our body is made of water. It is a major component of blood. We need water for body processes such

as digestion and excretion. Water helps regulate temperature e.g.

when we sweat.

We lose water and therefore it needs to be replaced or we would become dehydrated and unwell.

Foods contain water but we should drink about eight watery drinks a day.

What should we drink? *

What should we drink? *


NSP Dietary fibre is called non-starch

polysaccharide. Fibre is the non digestible part of

food which passes through the digestive system and keeps it functioning properly.

Insoluble fibre helps stools become soft and bulky and helps waste move through the large intestine.

Soluble fibre helps control blood sugar and reduce blood cholesterol.

Both may help prevent bowel disorders e.g. constipation and bowel cancer.

What foods are high in fibre? *What foods are high in fibre? *


Dietary Reference Values DRVs are estimates of the amount of energy and

nutrients needed by different groups of healthy people.

These were based on advice given by the Committee of Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy(COMA) in the 1990s

The DRVs for this 18 year old girl are:

saturates less than 11%

saturates less than 11%

NME sugars 11% of food energy

NME sugars 11% of food energy

dietary fibre 12-24g

dietary fibre 12-24g

plus vitamins and minerals. *

plus vitamins and minerals. *

protein 45g

protein 45g

starch 39% of food energy

starch 39% of food energy

energy 2110kcalenergy

2110kcal

fats less than 35% of food energy

fats less than 35% of food energy


Nutrient Requirement

Nu

mb

er

of

Peo

ple

Nutrient Requirements Not everyone needs the same amount of any nutrient This diagram shows how the nutrient requirements of the

population of a country like the UK would look if plotted on a scatter graph.

Lower Reference Nutrient Intake

Lower Reference Nutrient Intake

Estimated Average Requirement

Estimated Average Requirement Reference

Nutrient IntakeReference

Nutrient Intake


Recommended Daily Amounts Nutrition food labels do not refer to DRVs. Most packaging only have recommended

daily amounts or guideline daily amounts. This is in accordance with the Food

Labelling Regulations 1984.

What information is given on this cereal packet

about nutrition? *

What information is given on this cereal packet

about nutrition? *


VocabularySome words or terms to learn

Micro-nutrients Vitamin deficiency Antioxidants Body processes Nervous system Osteoporosis Phytates High blood pressure Dehydrated

Cholesterol DRV Nutrient requirements LRNI EAR RNI Recommended daily amount *


The Task You can enter here a task for your students.


End

Acknowledgements

All images used in these presentations are the property of their owners, ORCA Education Limited and suppliers inc. Hemera Images, Jupiter Media Corp. and Animation Factory All rights are reserved. The Licence agreement applies to all elements of these presentations.

ORCA.VT is a trademark of ORCA Education Limited

Microsoft Agent is the property of Microsoft Corporation, Redmond WA. ORCA Education Limited are licensed distributors of Microsoft Agent technology Licence 276899. The Microsoft Agent Technology elements including Peedy character may not be distributed

beyond the constraints of this product licence

Microsoft Agent characters Susan and Tom are packaged with this product as part of the Vox Proxy development tools used by ORCA Education. They are not for resale or distribution beyond their use in these products

EndShow

Documents

© ORCA Education Limited 2005 Micro-Nutrients Water and Fibre New Words