JOINTS

Joints

Function: help with bone growth, binding, allow skeleton to change shape during childbirth, allow body to respond to your muscles working

Types: fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Fibrous

In between bones that are close together; connective tissue is the joint part

Movement: none or very limited

Example: sutures, tibia and fibula

Cartilaginous Joints

Made of hyaline cartilage; intervertebral disks that are shock absorbers

Movement-limited with slight flexibility

Examples: vertebrae, pubic bones, first rib of sternum

Synovial Joints

Most common Allow free movement Structure: hyaline

cartilage covers ends of the bones

Joint capsule: ligaments that surround joint

Synovial membrane-secrete fluid to lubricate

Menisci-shock absorbers Bursae-sacs with fluid;

help tendons slide over bones

Ball and socket joint

Ball shaped head bone fits into a cavity of another bone

Wide range of motion

Shoulder and hip

Condyloid joint

Oval shaped condyle (round process) fits into an elliptical cavity

Metacarpal and phalanges

Variety of movement but no rotation

Gliding Joints

Flat and curved bones slide

Wrist and ankle; certain ribs and sternum

Sliding and twisting movement

Hinge joint

Convex and concave surface fit together

Joints of phalanges, elbow

Works like a door hinge

Pivot joint

Cylinder bone surface connects with a ring of the bone or ligament

Rotate around an axis Joint between radius and ulna (proximal

ends)

Saddle (add)

Convex and concave bones Carpal and metacarpal of thumb Variety of movements