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« Damageless optics » / C3 meeting

Julien Fuchs, LULI/CNRS & Ecole Polytechnique, julien.fuchs@polytechnique.fr Main goals: -Progress on C3 research areas

-Update on workpackage progress

-Proposals

Main lines of C3: C3 = the way to deliver the highest power laser

of the IZEST project

SRS

SBS

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Presentation of present state of C3 workpackages organization

Participants C3 WP1 -

Management

WP2 - Plasma

mirrors, incl. Contrast cleaning

WP3 - Amplificatio

n SBS

WP4 - Amplification

SRS

WP5 - Self-compression

and diagnostics

WP6 - OPCPA WP7 - Targets

WP Leaders J Fuchs XX L Lancia D Jaroszinsky J Wheeler Ruxin Li N Fisch

Contact point

1 - IZEST J Fuchs 1 1 1 1

2 - HHU O. Willi 1 1 1

3 - Strathclyde D. Jaroszinsky 1 1 1 1 1

4 - CEA-DAM J.L. Miquel 1 1

5 - CEA-IRAMIS M. Quinn 1 1

6 - U. Roma L. Lancia 1

7 - Princeton N. Fisch 1 1

8- GSI V. Bagnoud 1 1 1 1

9 - SIOM R. Li 1

10 - NIZHNY NOVGOROD

A. Sergeev 1 1

11 - CUOS K. Krushelnick 1

12 - Osaka U. T. Hosokai 1

13 - INRS XX 1 1

14 - AUSTIN T. Ditmire 1 1

Topics (WP) covered by C3

•WP4, SRS amplification (D. Jaroszynski, status: ongoing) •WP3, SBS amplification (L. Lancia, status:completed) •WP7, Targets (N. Fish, status: ongoing) •WP5, Self-compression & Diagnostics (J. Wheeler, status:completed) •WP2, Plasma mirrors (XX, status: ongoing) •WP6, OPCPA generation of high-power pulses at high rep. rate (R. Li, status: ongoing)

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Abstract

•Partners

•Concept and objectives, progress beyond state-of-the-art, S/T methodology

II.1 Concept and project objective(s)

II.2 Progress beyond the state of the art

II.3 S/T methodology

II.3.1 Overall strategy and general description

II.3.2 Work package list /overview

II.3.3 Work package descriptions

II.3.4 Deliverables list

II.3.5 List of milestones and planning of reviews

•Resources to be committed

•Overall timeline

References

C3 scientific document outline

After the WkShop, we need to start outlining the document using the WP sheets

C3 workpackages description: example

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What lays ahead

•Complete WPs statements •C3 document May 2013 •Joint proposals •In-country & EU/international proposals

LP3 ongoing (partners: Dusseldorf, CEA-DAM, Strathclyde, Polytechnique) USAF (coupled to US groups) …

Proposals

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WPs breakdown

WP2 – Plasma mirrors

Main point: if we can succesfully transfer energy from a 10 ps pulse to a 10s of fs pulse, we’ll do that in a relatively small transverse size beam

Solid-state optics having a conventional damage threshold will be extremely large

Going to plasma mirrors would be the solution

Need to test PM in such conditions

J.C. Kieffer, INRS, kieffer@emt.inrs.ca

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Relativistic Plasma mirror ≥ 1020 W.cm-2

Harmonics focusing 10 KJ / 10 fs

Perspective: plasma focusing could be used for

extreme power light

w

2w Reflectivity goes up

Ref

lect

ivit

y

Intensity

High-order harmonic generation from curved surface Harmonic focusing Smaller spot/ shorter pulse Even higher focused intensity

M. Streeter et al., NJP 13 023041 (2011)

Experiments to perform at ultra-short laser pulses facility (INRS or others) : modify fluence on PM and study behaviour of PM, reflected pulse, wavefront. Short pulse (10s of fs) and high intensity (1018-1020 W.cm2).

Path forward

GSI: mid-scale experiments in the many-10-joule regime *present status: GSI has some experience with single plasma-mirror setup and its characterization *planned deliverables: Development of a setup for imaging the laser focus after a plasma mirror on full energy shots (10-50 J) Test of spherical/aspherical plasma mirrors *milestones: Validation of the above deliverables - Timeline is TBD (depends on the need of the work package) - Our internal goal is to have done some scaling experiments until end 2014

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Timeline & milestones

WP2 - Plasma mirrors

2014: GSI; mid-scale experiments in the many-10-joule regime

J.C. Kieffer, INRS, kieffer@emt.inrs.ca

2013: experiment at INRS or others; modify fluence on PM and study behaviour of PM, reflected pulse, wavefront. Diagnostics: reflected energy. wavefront of reflected pulse & imaging of focused spot. spectrum of pulse. how is the plasma behaving (TASRI). generated harmonics.

WP3 – Amplification SBS L. Lancia, livia.lancia@uniroma1.it / Stefan Weber, stefan.weber@luli.polytechnique.fr

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11/2012

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2013: GSI / HHU 2014: L-FEX/ Omega-EP /SG-III access ? 2015… PETAL

SBS amplification experimental facilities

•LULI: 10 J / 300 fs – 2 beams experiment ongoing 11/2012, proposal for 2013

•HHU: 5 J / 30 fs – 2 beams planned experiment in Spring 2013

•GSI: Planned deliverables:

Demonstration Experiment at the 100 J level on the PHELIX facility •Milestones:

Writing access proposal for PHELIX (14th Dec 2012) Getting approval for beamtime access at PHELIX in 2013/2014 (Jan 2013) Experiment layout (plasma beam, pump and seed) (spring 2013) First experiment (according the PHELIX plan: June 2013/May 2014)

• UT (Austin): 150 J / 150 fs TBD

• Petal: Glass laser – 1-3.5 kJ 2015 + onwards

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Timeline & milestones

WP3 - Amplification SBS

GSI / UT / HHU/ …

experiments on optimization (profile, etc)

L. Lancia, livia.lancia@uniroma1.it / Stefan Weber, stefan.weber@luli.polytechnique.fr

WP4 – Amplification SRS D. Jaroszynski, dino@phys.strath.ac.uk

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Dynamic chirped grating compressor

ωpump ωseed

ωp

Compton regime

0 1 0 12p b a aw w w w

pump seed p

pump seed pk k k

w w w

Energy and momentum is conserved

Chirped pulse Raman amplification

Linear RBS • Exponential growth

• Narrow bandwidth limited to

• Temporal broadening • Not suitable for short pulse

amplification

Chirped Pulse tapered plasma density RBS • Constant gain

• Seed frequencies amplified at

different longitudinal positions

• No temporal broadening

• Superradiant scaling • Suppress spontaneous scattering

• Compton regime for high probe

intensities: bounce frequency greater than plasma frequency – superradiant scaling

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Previous measurements by Strathclyde group

• Gain of 106 – 107 demonstrated • Demonstration of CPA using Raman scattering • Spontaneous back-scatter a problem at high

pump fluence – need chirped pulses or tapered density plasma media

• Plasma media: waveguides and gas jets • Competing effects: Spontaneous backscattering,

Landau damping, filamentation of pump and wavebreaking – need to choose regime well

• Need to increase efficiency

BRA and Compton Experimental Facilities

• Strathclyde: Ti:sapphire system: SCAPA

• GSI: Glass laser – 1 kJ

• LULI: Glass laser – 1 kJ

• Petal: Glass laser – 1-3.5 kJ

• Will also apply for beam time at RAL

• Need to develop OPCPA at correct wavelength for RBS and Compton

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BRA/Compton Timeline:

• 2012/2013 – demonstrate higher efficiency with 1-100 J laser

• 2013/2014 – develop high energy probe shifted by plasma frequency

• 2014/2015 – demonstrate ultra-short pulse Compton and Raman pump depletion regimes

• 2013-2015 – develop plasma media

• 2013-2015 – study transverse effects

• 2014/2015 – demonstrate high energy regime 1-3 kJ pump

• 2014 – combine two beams using BRA

D. Jaroszynski, dino@phys.strath.ac.uk

WP5 – Self-compression M. Quinn, IZEST, mark.quinn@cea.fr

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Timeline & milestones

WP5 - Self-compression

2013: investigation using SPIDER of self-compression in underdense plasma @ CEA-Saclay

WP6 – OPCPA Yuxin Leng, lengyuxin@mail.siom.ac.cn, Ruxin Li, ruxinli@mail.siom.ac.cn

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Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification

Chirped Pulse Amplification:

Laser material: Ti:Sapphire, Nd:glass for broadband gain.

CPA+OPA=OPCPA

(Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification)

Parametric Pulse Amplification (OPA):

Nonlinear crystal: BBO, LBO, KDP

• 1992- OPCPA concept was mentioned and the first OPCPA experiment was carried out;

• 2001- now OPCPA has been used for ultra-intense laser development

• 2002- 10TW OPCPA laser in SIOM

• 2006- PW CPA Ti:sapphire laser in SIOM

• 2012-2013 PW CPA Nd:glass laser (SG update project with OPCA as front end) in SIOM

Plan:

• 2015-2016 Multi PW laser project Combining Ti:sapphire CPA & OPCPA based on PW & SG laser in SIOM

Timeline & milestones

WP6 - OPCPA

Full OPCPA laser

• 1TW, 10TW @ 1 micron with LBO or BBO or KDP;

• Near 1PW @ 910nm with DKDP;

OPCPA combines with CPA

• 1 micron for Nd:glass laser;

• 800nm for Ti:sapphire laser (front end or main amplifiers with double CPA scheme);

Yuxin Leng, lengyuxin@mail.siom.ac.cn, Ruxin Li, ruxinli@mail.siom.ac.cn

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PW laser

Multi PW laser project in SIOM Combining Ti:sapphire CPA & OPCPA based on PW & SG laser

1kHz fs

laser Ti:sapphire

Regen Stretcher

Grating

pulse

compressor

Multi PW

30fs

kJ level/1~2ns

Nd:glass pump laser

Accurate

synchronization

Pulse

cleaner

OPCPA

amplifier

AO

~50J/50nm

200-300J/50nm

Ti:sapphire

amplifier I (10Hz)

Ti:sapphire

amplifier II

Ti:sapphire

amplifier III

20ns Nd:glass

pump laser

~400mJ/50nm

1-1.5kJ@527nm

SG laser

Big size of nonlinear crystal

WP7 – Targets: Nat Fisch (Princeton), fisch@pppl.gov

IZEST Meeting (November 2012)

Definitions of target:

a. Target of focus

b. Plasma coupler

(topic of WP7)

Plasma coupler

Target of focus

Malkin, Shvets and Fisch, PRL (1999)

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Plasma Coupling Techniques

1 cm

10 cm

present “high aspect ratio”

RBS coupling technology

(gas jets, cylinders, capillaries)

RBS“pancake-shaped” plasma coupler for next generation power densities

100 m

Issues in large Plasma Coupler

1. Sidescatter

2. Backscatter

3. Focusability

Possible (uniform) Plasma Sources

1. Ionize droplets in magnetic field

2. Ionize foam

3. Gas bag

Alternative is to focus many beams

from high aspect-ratio couplers.

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Timeline & milestones

WP7 – Targets

1. Identification of leading technologies (already dome)

a. Foils, foams, gas jets

b. aerosols

2. Evaluate methodologies useful for different regimes

a. Exploit group velocity dispersion with seed laser chirping See Toroker, Malkin and Fisch, PRL (2012)

b. Exploit group velocity dispersion in relativistic nonlinearity

regime (in preparation)

3. Scope main target parameters (1 year)

a. Modeling of plasma couplers

b. Explore aerosol regimes

c. Downselect in different regimes

Nat Fisch (Princeton), fisch@pppl.gov

WP8 – Diagnostics J. Wheeler, IZEST, Jonathan.wheeler@cea.fr

Participants

• CEA Saclay – Mark Quinn, Jonathon Wheeler

• Strathclyde – D. Jaroszinsky

• CEA DAM – ??

• Austin – T. Ditmire

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Participants

• CEA Saclay

– Mark Quinn, Jonathon Wheeler

• Strathclyde

– D. Jaroszinsky

• CEA DAM

– ??

• Austin

– T. Ditmire

Present Status @ CEA-Saclay

• Development at Saclay – Sea-Spider

• Temp profile + 1D spatial • Built and now testing • 4fs, + spot imaging

– Sea-Tadpole • Working .. Pulse front Curvation

– Muffin: muliple fibre & freq resolved interm. • Sea Tadpole *5 • No scanning needed – single shot measurements • Developing …. 2014

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Timeline & milestones

WP8 – Diagnostics 2013: development in Saclay @ 800 nm 2014: application @ 1 µm …

J. Wheeler, IZEST, Jonathan.wheeler@cea.fr