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GENETIC DISORDERS
DISEASES OF WITH VARYING NUMBERS OF CHROMOSOMES
DOWN SYNDROME Cause: Patient has
three copies of the 21st chromosome instead of twoKnown as Trisomy 21
Symptoms: Lifelong mental retardation and developmental delays
http://abcnews.go.com/Health/video/living-with-down-syndrome-15483374
TURNER’S SYNDROME Cause: Woman has only one X
chromosomeHaving only one copy of a chromosome
is called monosomy Symptoms: short in height, failure to
begin puberty, infertility, heart defects, and learning disabilities
KLINEFELTER’S SYNDROME
Cause: Man with more than one X chromosome
Symptoms: Negatively affects testicular growth, which can lead to lower production of testosterone. May also cause reduced muscle mass, reduced body and facial hair, and enlarged breast tissue.
DISEASES FOUND ON AUTOSOMAL CHROMOSOMES
MARFAN’S SYNDROME Cause: Defect in the gene that enables your body
to produce a protein that helps give connective tissue its elasticity and strength
Symptoms: Affects connective tissue most commonly in the heart, eyes, blood vessels and skeleton. Causes individual to be tall and thin with disproportionately long arms, legs, fingers and toes.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_98wTAZNyM
ACHONDROPLASIA Cause: defect in the genes affecting
height Symptoms: dwarfism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfxB1dDBXtY
SICKLE CELL DISEASE Cause: mutation in the gene that tells your body to make hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying compound found in your blood.
Symptoms: red blood cells become rigid, sticky and crescent shaped. These irregularly shaped cells can get stuck in small blood vessels, which can slow or block blood flow and oxygen to parts of the body.
PROGERIA Cause: Mutation in the gene that holds
the nucleus of each cell together Symptoms: rapid aging
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LvvxHjon_3E
ALBINISM Cause: Mutation of the gene used in the
production of melanin Symptoms: lack of pigmentation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQoaF6t5QH0
SEX-LINKED DISORDERS
HEMOPHILIA Cause: Sex-linked recessive disorder Symptoms: Blood does not clot properly
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZN9skFmKTg
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY Cause: Sex-linked recessive disorder Symptoms: weak muscles
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZrPnmgs4rHM