FATS

Dr Mervat SalahDept of Nutrition

- By the end of this lecture, students will

have a general VIEW ABOUT FATS

Intended Learning Outcomes

FACTS ABOUT FATS

•Source of energy, 1g = 9kcal, •Source of Essential Fatty Acids.•Carrier for fat sol vit A, D,E, K•Palatability •Satiety value•Invisible & visible fat•Cholesterol – only foods of animal origin

Three major types of fat

SATURATED FATS ------- BAD• Carbon chains with hydrogen bonds• Meat, Butter, coconut, milk chocolate, creams, Ghee

UNSATURATED FATS ------- GOOD

• carbon chains with one or more double bonds• Monounsaturated : olive oil, nut oils• Polyunsaturated : corn oil, vegetable oils, soy etc.

TRANS FATS -------- BAD

• Manufactured fats. Liquid Solid (hydrogenation)

Energy Fuel 65% Carbohydrates (cereals, roots &

tubers, sugar, sweets, bread, ) 20% Fats (dairy products, oil) 12- 15% Protein (pulses, eggs, milk, meat,

poultry, fish) Energy yield per gram is as follows:

Carbohydrate - 4 kcal, Fats - 9 kcal and Protein - 4 kcal.

Nutrition & wellness - Nutritional perspective. Dr. mervat salah

What are the energy requirements

Personal energy requirement = basic energy requirements + extra energy requirements

Basic energy requirements (BER)For every Kg of body weight 1.3 kcal is

required every hour. An adult weighing 50Kg would require

1.3 × 24hrs × 50Kg = 1560 kcal/day

Nutrition & wellness - Nutritional perspective. Dr. mervat salah.

Factors affecting Basal energy expenditure

Body size - larger & taller people , have metabolic rates.

Body composition – lean body mass, single determinant of BEE

Age - younger age

Gender – differences in body size & composition

Hormonal status – endocrine disorders. In women metabolic rates change with menstrual cycle , pregnancy & menopause

Nutrition & wellness - Nutritional perspective. Dr mervat salah

How to derive nutrients ??

FATS

MILK &MILK

PRODUCTSProt,fat Ca,

Vit

FRUITS & VEG –Fibre, vit, min

------------------------------PULSES & LEGUMES

Energy, Cho, Prot, Inv Fat, Vit, MIn Fibre

CEREALS & PRODUCTS Energy, Cho, Prot, Inv Fat, Vit, Min,

Fibre

Nutrition & wellness - Nutritional perspective. Dr. Mervat salah

Balanced Diet - Contains different types of foods in

such quantities & proportions so that the need for various nutrients is adequately met

- provision for extra nutrients – to withstand short duration of low intake

- to calculate – know Recommended Dietary Allowances [ RDA] – ICMR

- Tables of Food Composition

Nutrition & wellness - Nutritional perspective. Dr. Mervat salah

Recommended text book

Manual dietetic book