An accurate and consistent system of measurement is the
foundation of a healthy economy. Without a consistent, honest
system of measurement, World trade would be thrown into chaos.
Throughout history, buyers and sellers have tried to defraud each
other by inaccurately representing the quantity of the product
exchanged. From ancient times to the present there has been a need
for measuring things accurately.
Slide 4
1967 Surveyor 3 landed in an ancient crater known as the Sea of
Tranquility and sent back data indicating it would be a suitable
landing site for a manned mission. July 16, 1969 Neil Armstrong and
Edwin Aldrin became the first humans to set foot on the surface of
the Moon. They traveled over 400,000 kilometers through space and
landed within walking distance of the Voyager 3 craft with only 10
seconds of fuel remaining. Imagine what would have happened if NASA
scientists had inaccurately measured the thrust of the Saturn V
rockets, the mass of the payload, the distance to the Moon, the
location of the Voyager 3 craft, the gravitational field of the
Moon, the rate of fuel consumption, the speed of the Apollo 11
craft, the orbit of the Moon around the earth, the astronauts rate
of oxygen consumption or the radio frequency of the communication
gear!!
Slide 5
Built pyramids by measuring the stones they cut using body
dimensions Every worker could relate. Small distances = digits the
width of a finger Longer distances = cubit the length from the tip
of the elbow to the tip of the middle finger 1 cubit = 28
digits
Slide 6
Romans built roads in paces 1 pace = 2 steps 1000 paces = 1
mile (mil is Latin for 1000) Danes seafaring people wanting to know
the depth of water shipping channels Fathom = distance from the tip
of the middle finger on one hand to the tip of the middle finger on
the other
Slide 7
Distances were defined by the Kings body features Yard =
circumference of his waist Inch = distance between the knuckles of
his thumb Foot = length of his foot Acre: The amount of land your
ox could plow from sunrise to sunset. Hand: King Henry VIII said
that it is equal to 4 inches. What is it used to measure today? The
height of horses!!!
Slide 8
Because every persons body is different, using body parts as
reference would cause every measurement to be inaccurate.
Slide 9
AAs various cultures emigrated to England, they brought with
them various measurement systems. Today, the English or Customary
system reflects the variety of different measurement systems from
which they originated. TThere are, for example many units in which
distance can be measured in the Customary system, but bear no
logical relationship to each other. 1 statue mile = 0.8688 nautical
miles = 1760 yards = 320 rods = 8 furlongs = 5280 feet = 63,360
inches = 880 fathoms = 15,840 hands UUnfortunately, most people
have no idea what nautical miles, fathoms, hands, or furlongs are
because they use only the more common measures of miles, yards, and
inches.
Slide 10
What is a better price for gasoline? Canada: $2.98/liter
U.S.:$3.59/gal Therefore, we need a system that everyone
uses!!!!!!!!!!!
Slide 11
1670 measurement system based on the decimal system proposed.
1791 metric system developed (metric is based on the French word
for measure.) Prefixes were agreed upon Multipliers >10 = Greek
Multipliers
Slide 12
It is the modern version of the metric system Base 10 Simple
Used by scientists worldwide Mandatory system of measurement in
every country of the world except the U.S., Liberia, and Burma
Slide 13
Slide 14
11 meter = 0.001 kilometers = 1000 millimeters = 1,000,000
micrometers = 1,000,000,000 nanometers TThe meter was originally
intended to be 1/10,000,000 of the earths meridian that passes
through Paris. It is now defined as the distance light travels in
1/299,792,458 of a second.
Slide 15
The kilogram is the only SI base unit to incorporate a prefix.
The kilogram is the only unit still based on a single lump of
stuff. All the other definitions can be reproduced with a high
degree of accuracy in any laboratory with the proper
equipment.
Slide 16
16 prefixes (NEED TO MEMORIZE 10)
Slide 17
millimeter, centimeter microsecond, second kilogram, centigram
deciliter, milliliter picometer, nanometer megaliter, dekaliter
centimeter second kilogram deciliter nanometer megaliter
Slide 18
0.001 m________________________ 0.000001
s________________________ 0.01 g________________________ 1000
m_______________________ 0.000000000001 L _________________ 1000000
mole______________________ millimeter microsecond centigram
kilometer picoliter megamole Give the name of each of the following
quantities.
