Reconstruction 1865-1877

African American migration from the north to the west

Sharecropping and tenant farming Jim Crow laws ( Black codes) Southern govt. had a variety of methods for

blacks not to vote Southerners resented carpetbaggers

SOL 7.1.6

After the Civil War in the South:

How should the U.S. rebuild and reform?

How do we define loyalty?

Who are Lincoln, Lee and Douglass?

What Should We Do?

Southern military leaders barred from public office

Military supervision by Northern soldiers African Americans elected to office Freedman’s Bureau established Civil Rights Act of 1866 enforced by federal

troops SOL 7.1.4

Positive and Negative Consequences of Reconstruction

The Freedmen’s BureauTHE FREEDMEN’S BUREAU

The first duty of the Freedman’s Bureau was to provide emergency relief to the people displaced by the Civil War – including both recently liberated slaves and Southern whites. Later, the Freedman’s Bureau would set up schools, and

help to resolve disputes between whites and African-Americans in Southern states by establishing its own court system.

Freedman’s Bureau SchoolhousesFREEDMAN’S BUREAU SCHOOLS

Most Southern towns did not have public schools prior to the Civil War, and what education was available to children took place at home. Following the Civil War, African-Americans who had gained independence sought

what they had always been denied – literacy, scholarship, job training, and college educations.

Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln’s 10% Plan would likely have been more lenient on the South than the Radical Reconstruction to follow. Sadly, he was assassinated in 1865 at the hands of John Wilkes Booth.

Abraham Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan - 1865LINCOLN’S TEN PERCENT PLAN:

• * Ten Percent of the voters of a state must swear loyalty to the United States. • *The new government of the state must outlaw slavery.

• *Amnesty, or a group pardon for crimes, for most Confederate soldiers.• *No Confederate government leaders or military leaders could hold office.

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass was a former slave who became one of the

most outspoken abolitionist speakers in the United States

during the Reconstruction period. During the Civil War, he petitioned President Lincoln to

allow newly freed slaves to serve in the United States

Military. After the war, he led the Freedman’s Bureau and served as the United States

ambassador to Haiti.

How did the actions of people affect events during Reconstruction?

What actions did the government take to extend civil rights to the formerly enslaved?

Why do you think people moved west of the Mississippi after the Civil War?

Summing it up:

U.S. President from1860 until his assassination in 1865

Wanted to preserve the union “With malice toward none, and charity for

all, let us bind up the nation’s wounds.” “Freed the slaves” (13th amendment)

Abraham Lincoln

Urged Southerners to reconcile at the end of the war and reunite

Leader of the Confederate Army in the Civil War

Became president of Washington and Lee University

Robert. E. Lee

Fought for adoption of constitutional amendments that guaranteed VOTING rights

Powerful voice for human rights and civil liberties

A former slave

Fredrick Douglass

13th- Bans slavery (Lincoln)

14th- Grants citizenship to those born in America (Except Native Americans)

15th- Ensures citizens right to vote regardless of race, color or condition of servitude

Civil War Amendments:

Congress had to decide who won (Tilden vs Hayes)

Hayes became president Northern troops were withdrawn from the

south It was the end of Reconstruction!

Compromise of 1877