{ 14 Infamous pathogen factoids including the basics and life
with the disease. Image Image Disease of the Day
Slide 2
Basics o Caused by four species of protists o First infects the
liver cells, then moves to the red blood cells, producing more
parasites to infect other cells Infection Rates o From the WHO, 128
million cases in 2013 caused an estimated 584,000, deaths mostly
among children (78% of deaths less than 5 years of age) WHO
Transmission o Mosquito vector, from Anopheles mosquito bite In Six
Words o Fever, anemia, respiratory distress, low BP Plasmodium
falciparum Malaria [Domain: Eukarya; Kingdom: Protist] "Plasmodium
- File:5942 Lores.jpg." Encyclopedia of Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 23
Mar. 2015.
Slide 3
How did malaria influence the selection of sickle cell trait in
humans? Why? Turn and talk to your neighbor. Knowledge Check
Image
Slide 4
Polleverywhere data on interested diseases; the larger the word
indicates more responses in the data set.
Slide 5
HIV [Virus] Basics o Human immunodeficiency virus attacks
immune cells o Leads to AIDS Infection Rates o From the WHO, 2.1
million infections in 2013 WHO o CDC Est 1,201,100 aged 13 years+
with HIV in the US, including 14% who are unaware of their
infection. CDC Transmission o Sexual Activity/IV Drug Use o Can be
passed from mother to child en utero and via breast milk In Six
Words o Meds, nerve damage, dementia, stigma, isolation Video 1
Video 2 Video 1 Video 2 Video 1 Video 2 Image
Slide 6
Basics o 40+ Fungi species that cause skin, hair, and nail
infections o Can be found on many parts of the body, including
scalp, body, feet, etc. Prevention o Good hygiene o Avoid sharing
hairbrushes, hats, clothing o Wash hands after petting pets
Transmission o Fungal spores in the air and/or environments like
day-cares and homes with pets In Six Words o Red ring, itching,
scaling, cracking skin Video Video Trichophyton rubrum Ringworm
[Domain: Eukarya; Kingdom: Fungi] Image
Slide 7
Basics o Streptococcus bacterial infection of the throat and
tonsils o 510% of all sore throats Prevention o Wash hands often o
Cover your mouth while coughing or sneezing Transmission o Coughing
and/or Sneezing o Close Contact In Six Words o Soreness, red
tonsils with white patches o Video Video Streptococcus pyogenes
Strep Throat [Domain: Bacteria; Kingdom: Bacteria] Image
Slide 8
Ebola [Virus]
Slide 9
From the WHO - Cumulative Ebola case information and cases for
the past 21 days for the Situation Report, November 26,
2014.WHO
Slide 10
Basics o European lab, workers exposed to the tissues from
African green monkeys in 1967 o In Africa, infections related to
the killing or butchering, and eating of primates Infection Rates o
As of March, 2015, the recent outbreak figures estimate 24,701
infections and about 10,194 deaths. o As of March, 2015, the recent
outbreak figures estimate 24,701 infections and about 10,194
deaths. o Fatality rate of close to 90% Transmission o Bodily
fluids with an infected person In Six Words o Hemorrhagic fever,
excessive bleeding, often death "Electron micrograph of an Ebola
virus." World of Microbiology and Immunology. Ed. Brenda Wilmoth
Lerner and K. Lee Lerner. Detroit: Gale, 2007. Science in Context.
Web. 25 Mar. 2015.
Slide 11
Basics o Tropical arbovirus, or arthropod borne virus Infection
Rates o Millions worldwide; deaths mainly in children o In 2013,
2.35 million cases in the Americas o In 2013, 2.35 million cases in
the Americas Transmission o Two mosquito vectors, passed through a
mosquito bite In Six Words o Fever, headache, red flush, weakness,
aches o Video 1 Video 2 Video 1Video 2 Video 1Video 2 Dengue
[Virus] Image Courtesy of the CDC Image
Slide 12
Basics o First reported in Lyme, Connecticut, in 1974 Infection
Rates o In 2012, 95% of cases were reported in 13 upper midwest and
New England states Transmission o Tick vector, passed through a
tick bite In Six Words o Joint pain, memory loss, nerve damage o
Video Video Borellia burgdorferi Lyme Disease [Domain: Bacteria;
Kingdom: Bacteria] Image
Slide 13
Basics o Salmonella bacterial infection in the stomach and
intestines o New, drug resistant strains Prevention o Wash hands
before handling food o Wash produce before consuming o Fully cook
your food Transmission o Eating contaminated food In Six Words o
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, dehydration o
Animation Animation Salmonella bongori Salmonellosis [Domain:
Bacteria; Kingdom: Bacteria] Image
Slide 14
Slide 15
Basics o Produces dormant spores that can be found in the soil
they are activated once in the body Infection Rates o In 2001,
powdered anthrax spores were mailed to US Senators, 5 deaths of 22
infections Transmission o Breathing in spores o Contaminated
food/water o Through a cut in the skin In Six Words o Drenching
sweats, nausea, vomiting, confusion, dizziness o Video Video
Bacillus anthracis Anthrax [Domain: Archaea; Kingdom: Archaea]
Slide 16
A colored transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of Toxoplasma
gondii parasites (green), which cause toxoplasmosis. Image
Slide 17
Basics o Many infected do not have symptoms because parasite
can remain inactive for long periods of time in our muscles and
brain Prevention o Wash produce before consuming o Cook meat @ the
appropriate temp o Change litter daily, [develop 1 to 5 days after
first pooped] Transmission o Exposure through cat feces o
Undercooked meat [especially pork, lamb, venison] In Six Words o
Flu-like, eye pain, miscarriage, brain damage Video Video
Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosis [Domain: Eukarya; Kingdom: Protist]
Image
Slide 18
Basics o Caused by Coccidioides fungi in the soil in dry areas
that lack rainfall; endemic to the southwestern US, Mexico, Central
and South America Infection Rates o In 2011 over 20,000 reported
cases, the majority in Arizona and California o Since 1990, 3,000+
have died Transmission o Fungal spores in the air and/or
environment In Six Words o Fever, cough, headache, aches, sometimes
pneumonia Story Story Valley Fever [Domain: Eukarya; Kingdom:
Fungi] Image
Slide 19
Basics o Cause an allergic skin reaction in most people exposed
Prevention o In 2011 over 20,000 reported cases, the majority in
Arizona and California o Since 1990, 3,000+ have died Transmission
o Caused by oily resin called urushiol, either through direct or
indirect contact In Six Words o Itchiness, swelling, pimple-like
bumps that ooze Poison Ivy [Domain: Eukarya; Kingdom: Plant] Image
"Poison ivy." The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Ed. Laurie J.
Fundukian. 4th ed. Detroit: Gale, 2012.Science in Context. Web. 23
Mar. 2015.
Slide 20
Basics o Causes inflammation of the meninges, the thin
membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord o Causes
inflammation of the meninges, the thin membranes surrounding the
brain and spinal cord caused by bacteria, viruses, or even fungi o
o Infants are at a higher risk than any other groupPrevention o
There are vaccines available for bacterial meningitis Transmission
o Blood borne, typically another infection that spreads to the
brain In Six Words o Headache, stiff neck, photophobia, eventually
coma Video Video Neisseria meningitidis Bacterial Meningitis
[Domain: Bacteria; Kingdom: Bacteria] Image
Slide 21
Basics o A virus from animals like monkeys, rats, and squirrels
similar to smallpox o A virus from animals like monkeys, rats, and
squirrels similar to smallpox Prevention o Restrictions on illegal
animal trade o Fully cooking meat o Protective gloves when dealing
with animals or slaughtering animals Transmission o Direct contact
with the blood, bodily fluids of infected animals and from human to
human through contact with skin lesions secretions In Six Words o
Swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, lesions MonkeyPox [Virus]
Image
Slide 22
Basics o Historically known as consumption infection in the
lungs o Found in 4,000 year old Egyptian mummies o New, drug
resistant strains emerging Infection Rates o From the WHO, 9
million infections and 1.5 million deaths in 2013 WHO Transmission
o Inhaling contaminated droplets in the air In Six Words o
Flu-like, lethargy, weakness, wasting away Video Video
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculosis [AKA TB] [Domain: Bacteria;
Kingdom: Bacteria] Image "A stylized scanning electron microscopic
image of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium
causes..."Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Evolution. Ed.
Michael Hutchins. Detroit: Gale, 2011. Science in Context. Web. 25
Mar. 2015.
Slide 23
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Encyclopedia of Medicine. Ed. Laurie J. Fundukian. 4th ed. Detroit:
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Medicine. Ed. Laurie J. Fundukian. 4th ed. Detroit: Gale, 2011.
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Davidson. "Lyme disease." The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Ed.
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Wilmoth Lerner and K. Lee Lerner. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Science in
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