Questions 1. What is an indulgence? 2. Who was Martin Luther? 3. What happened to Luther in the

Catholic Church? 4. Why did King Henry VIII break off from

the Catholic Church? 5. Who did Elizabeth I defeat in 1588?

Why was this important?

Causes of the Reformation The renaissance secular ideas challenged

the authority of the church.

The printing press helped spread these secular ideas.

Causes of the Reformation Merchants grew tired of paying church

taxes to Rome.

Leaders resented the pope (felt they were being controlled)

Growing Problems Popes spent money like A-rod and started

beef worse than 50 cent.

Priest and monks were poorly educated.

Married, Gambled, and drink to excess– When in Vegas?

Early Calls to Reform Christian Humanist criticized the church. i.e. Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More

1490s – Girolamo Savonarola preached in Florence until executed for “heresy”.

Martin Luther Monk Taught scripture at the University of

Wittenberg In 1517, became public about the sale of

indulgences. October 31, 1517 nailed the 95 theses to

the door of the castle church in Wittenberg.

Martin Luther Eventually wanted a full reform of the

church. 3 teachings: 1. Win salvation only through faith in

God. 2. Church teachings should only be based

on the bible. 3. All people with faith were equal.

Response to Luther His ideas spread rapidly

Pope Leo X threatened to excommunicate Luther if he did not take back his statements.

Luther refused and he was excommunicated.

Response to Luther Emperor Charles V put Luther on trial and

declared him an outlaw and heretic. Stated no one was to give him shelter or

feed him. People disobeyed this decree where

Luther stayed. In 1522, Luther returned to Wittenberg

and found most people were using his ideas.

They were called Lutherans.

Ideas Priest dressed in ordinary clothes. They were free to marry. Led services in German rather than Latin.

The English Reformation http://www.cbc.ca/player/Shows/Shows/T

he+Tudors/Web+Exclusives/ID/1237287107/

Activity Put yourself in Martin Luther’s shoes.

Think of the fear he had before nailing the 95 theses. Write a paragraph/rap explaining his feelings going up to the church in Wittenberg.