LIBRARY RESEARCHColor

CompositionImage

COMPOSITIONUnity

BalanceRhythm

ContrastFocus

Proportion

COMPOSITIONComposition is organizing visual elements in

a design harmonically. Harmonic composition can be reached with applying principles of composition:

UnityBalanceRhythmContrastFocusProportion

VISUAL ELEMENTSPoint: the point is one visual element that its form is

relatively small, which elongated and widened dimension insignificant.

Line: line is considered as a visual element that much effect on the formation of an object.

Field: field is the visual element that has dimensions of length and width.

Space: the space can be presented with the field.Color: color as a visual element associated with a

material that supports its existence is determined by the type of pigment.

Texture: texture is the touch of a surface.

UNITYUnity is one of the principle that emphasizes

the harmony of the elements that are prepared, both in its form and relation with the underlying idea. There are several ways to achieve unity:

Determine dominance (size, color, location)Size as an attractionUnite wayUnite form

BALANCEBalance is a principle in the composition that

avoids one-sided impression of an area or space that is filled with visual elements. Balance can be divided into:

Symmetrical balance and asymmetrical balanceCentered balance and spread balanceBalance can be achieved with a few things:Balance in form and sizeBalance in colorBalance from its textureBalance from its composition

RHYTHMRhythm is the preparation of the elements to

follow a certain arrangement of pattern regularly to get the impression that interesting. Arrangement can be implemented by performing repetition and change on a regular basis.

CONTRASTThe contrast in a composition is required as a

vitality so as not to seem monotonous. Of course, the contrast shown sparingly because if excessive, will appear irregularities and contradictions that are far from harmonious impression.

FOCUSThe focus is always needed in a composition

to indicate the part which is considered important and is expected to be a major concern. Guards harmony in creating a focal done by making everything around the focus supports the focus that has been determined.

PROPORTIONProportion is the ratio between the size of the

parts and between parts of the whole, the composition principle emphasizes the size of an element that will be prepared and how far the size supports harmonious appearance of a design.

COLORIntroduction

How to Use ColorThe Color Wheel and Color Chart

Aspect of ColorBasic Color Schemes

INTRODUCTIONColors are complement of images and represent

the artist’s psychological atmosphere in communicating. Color is also an element that is very sharp to touch the sensitivity of vision so as to stimulate the emergence of a sense of emotion, sadness, joy, mood, or spirit, and others. To develop an accurate response to the language of color, it is first necessary to understand the harmony of color. This means knowing what color to use and in what order and proportion to create a desired mood, to communicate an idea, or to elicit a reaction.

HOW TO USE COLORAn effective color scheme can make a room feel warm and

inviting or a graphic design able to attract more attention. Before learning what color to use in order to achieve the best results, one must first understand some basic color terms.

Each primary, secondary, and tertiary hue is at a level of full saturation, or brightness, which means that there is no black, white, or gray added. Color is described in terms of value, which is the lightness or darkness of a color, or relative amount of white or black in a hue. White added in increments to any of the twelve colors result in lighter values of the hue called tints. The incremental addition of black or gray to a hue results in darker values of the hue known as shades.

Primary

HOW TO USE COLOR

Secondary

Tertiary

COLOR WHEEL & COLOR CHARTThe twelve of the

color wheel consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary hues and their specific tints and shades. Constructed in an orderly progression, the color wheel enables the user to visualize the sequence of color harmony. The color chart is the color wheel in chart form.

ASPECT OF COLORThe aspect, or qualities of color, refer to colors and color

combinations that evoke certain emotional responses.

Hot refers to red in full saturation on the color wheel. Hot colors project outward and attract attention. For this reason, red is often used in graphic signage and design.

Cold refers to fully saturated blue. At its brightest it is dominating and strong. Cold colors remind one of ice and snow. When placed next to each other, cold and hot colors vibrate like fire and ice.

All hues that contain red are warm. It is addition of yellow to red that makes warm colors substantially different from hot colors. Warm colors are comforting, spontaneous, and welcoming.

Cool colors are based in blue. They differ from cold colors because of the addition of yellow to their composition. Like spring growth, they make us feel renewed and calm.

ASPECT OF COLORLight colors are the palest pastels. They take their

lightness from an absence of visible color in their composition, and are almost transparent. Light colors resemble sheer curtains at a window and send a message of relaxation.

Dark colors are hues that contain black in their composition. They close up space and make it seem smaller. Seasonally, they suggest autumn and winter. Dark colors are concentrated and serious in their effect.

Pale hues are the softest pastels. They contain at least 65 percent white in their composition, and have a diminished hue which is most often referred to as soft or romantic. Pale colors suggest gentleness. Pale hues are frequently used in interior spaces.

The amount of pure color within a hue determines its brightness. Blues, reds, yellows, and oranges are colors in full brightness. Bright colors are vivid and attract attention. Exhilarating and cheerful, bright colors are perfect for use in packaging, fashion, and advertising.

BASIC COLOR SCHEMESNo color stands alone. In fact, the effect of a color is

determined by many factors: the light reflected from it, the colors that surround it, or the perspective of the person looking at the color. There are ten basic color schemes.

Achromatic Scheme. Without color, uses only black, white, and grays.

Analogous Scheme. Uses any three consecutive hues or any of their tints and shades on the color wheel.

Clash Scheme. Combines a color with the hue to right or left of its complement on the color wheel.

Complementary Scheme. Uses direct opposites on the color wheel.

BASIC COLOR SCHEMESMonochromatic Scheme. Uses one hue in

combination with any or all of its tints and shades.

Neutral Scheme. Uses a hue which has been diminished or neutralized by the addition of its complement or black.

Split Complementary Scheme. Consist of a hue and the two hues on either of its complement.

Primary Scheme. A combination of the pure hues or red, yellow, and blue.

Secondary Scheme. A combination of the secondary hues of green, violet, and orange.

Tertiary Triad Scheme. A tertiary triad is one of two combinations: red-orange, yellow-green, and blue-violet; all of which are equidistant from each other an the color wheel.

IMAGESPhoto

ArtworksInfo graphics

Inset

PHOTOThe greatest power of photography in

advertising media especially is its ability to give the impression as 'credible'.

Newspapers are always trying to display news and information as accurate as possible. Therefore, photography became a mainstay.

ARTWORKSTo present information that is more accurate, sometimes in certain

situations illustrate the options that are more reliable than when using photographic techniques. Artworks are all kinds of works of art rather than photography whether it be illustration, cartoons, sketches, and others which created manually or by computer

Sometimes to convey a specific message artworks more ‘can speak' than photography.

Illustration for article about 10 mistakes. PlanSponsor Magazine. Soojin Buzelli, AD.

INFO GRAPHICSThe facts and statistical data and research results

from the survey are presented in the form of graphs, tables, diagrams, charts, maps, and others.

Diagram about top ten global brands which is presented with attractive visualization.

INSETInset is small image which has function to give

supporting information. Inset usually can be found in informational graphic. Sometimes, there is caption or callouts in inset.

Inset which serves to enlarge the image to show the detail of the map.

Dury Lane Inset Map

BibliographyRustan, Surianto. Layout. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka

Utama, 2009.Kusrianto, Adi. Pengantar Desain Komunikasi Visual.

Yogyakarta: ANDI, 2007.Whelan, Bride M. Color Harmony 2. Rockport,

Massachusetts: Rockport Publishers, Inc. 1997.www.jamesyang.comhttp://images.visualeditors.comhttp://www.make-your-own-jewelry.comwww.infographics.iompi.comwww.wikipedia.org