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Color
Color
•Color is the visual effect that is caused by the spectral composition of the light emitted, transmitted, or reflected by objects.
Color originates in light. Sunlight, as we perceive it, looks colorless.
In reality, all the colors of the spectrum are present in white light.
1. All the" invisible" colors of sunlight shine on the apple.2. The surface of a red apple absorbs
all the colored light rays, except for those corresponding to red, and reflects this color to
the human eye.3. The eye receives the reflected red light and sends a message to the
brain.
When light hits the surface, the
BLUE paint ABSORBS all the light EXCEPT the blue part of the
spectrum.
There is no pure blue.
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If colored paints were actually pure color- every time any two
“pure” colors of paint were mixed you would get black.
The bits of blue in the blue paint would absorb the red and yellow
light. The bits of yellow paint would absorb the red and blue light.
No light would escape from the paint, and you’d see a perfectly
black surface.
Itten Color Wheel
Color Bias Wheel
How to use the color bias wheel to mix colors...
What happens when you mix complementary colors?
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+
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What happens when you mix complementary colors?
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+
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= a neutral grey or brown
Color Bias Wheel
make brightest purple
make duller purple because some blue and
orange are mixed
make dullest purple, because
blue is mixed with orange and red is mixed with
green.
Color Bias Wheel
Properties of Color
•HUE
•VALUE
•INTENSITY (or saturation)
Properties of Color
•HUE - the name of the color, the part of the color spectrum that the color belongs to: Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or violet.
Itten Color Wheel
Local Color
•the natural color of an object unmodified by adding light and shadow
Local Color
Properties of Color
•VALUE - lightness or darkness of the hue.
MUNSELL VALUES
“Normal” hues have different values.
Properties of Color
•VALUE - lightness or darkness of the hue.
•adding white produces a TINT
•adding black produces a SHADE
“ “
Properties of Color
•INTENSITY - the brightness of a color. Not to be confused with lightness, which is value.
•also called “chroma” or “saturation”.
Adding a color’s
complement will make that
color LESS INTENSE.
Color Bias Wheel
Shadows in black and white...
Shadows in black and white...
7-8
6
3
4-5
2-3
1
3
3
SHADOWS of COLORS are made by adding that color’s
COMPLEMENT.
Pink Cube Red Cube
Here, the shadowed side is more intense than the others. Only a transparent material could look like this.
The cube’s SHADOWED side must be LESS
INTENSE than the cube’s brightly-lit side.
“Color obtains in the light”
???
-Thomas Lovell
“Color obtains in the light”
In other words:Color becomes more saturated when it’s in the
light.
-Thomas Lovell
Vermeer
Jacque Louis David
Edward Hopper
Sometimes painters take this a step beyond, and paint the
shadows as the complementary color itself...
yellow purple
yellow orange
purple
blue
Wayne Theibau
d
Sometimes color reflects from one
object onto another...
Reflected color...
Bonnard
Bonnard
SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST
when the color’s complement is
placed next to the color, it will look more intense.
Bonnard
Other kinds of simultaneous contrast...
Other kinds of simultaneous contrast...
VALUE - a color will appear darker in value on a light ground and lighter on a
dark ground
Other kinds of simultaneous contrast...
Other kinds of simultaneous contrast...
INTENSITY - A color will appear more intense on a more neutral ground and
grayer on a very intense ground
Other kinds of simultaneous contrast...
Other kinds of simultaneous contrast...
HUE - Orange will look more orange on a field of red and more red on a field of
yellow.
Josef Albers - Homage to the Square
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Victor Vasarely
Properties of Color
•HUE
•VALUE
•INTENSITY (or or saturation)
For rest of color mixing lab, we will practice working with the color properties of
VALUE
and
INTENSITY
