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this brief presentation provides an overview of the western history of art
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A Brief History of A Brief History of Western ArtWestern Art
minimal knowledge to pass as an art snob!
Naeem ZafarBerkeley-Haas Business School
Spring 2011: Salon Meeting
What is Art?
Art is anything that re-Art is anything that re-arranges “furniture” in arranges “furniture” in
your mind!your mind!
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 2
Our Focus: 5 Pieces of Knowledge
1. Major art movements2. What caused them3. Who were the movers & shakers of each era4. What art pieces you should be aware of5. Minimal vocabulary to pass as an art-snob
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 3
Big Picture I
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 4
1300 …1400 … 1500 … 1600 … 1700 …1750… 1800 … 1850 … 1890… 1900 …1920 … 1940 …
Medieval
Renaissance
Baroque
Rococo
Neoclassic Romanticism
Naturalism
Realism
Rise of modernityRise of modernity
Big Picture II
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1800 …………… 1850……….. … 1890………….. 1900 ………..…1920 …………. 1940 ……………
Impressionism
symbolism
Post-Impressionism
Neo-Impressionism
Fauvism
Romanticism
Naturalism
Realism
Cubism
expressionism
Surrealism
Pop Art
Medieval: Italians Dominates
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Two dimensional – religious themesNames: Cimabue, Giotto
Renaissance: 15th Century• Thru new discovery of intellectual thought
– Greek & roman influence– Art discovered liner perspective
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BotticelliThe Birth of Venus
High Renaissance: 16th Century• Harmony & balance in construction, high technical
competence & rich artistic imagination• Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci• The Medici family’s influence
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 8
High Renaissance: pageantry & splendor
• Veronese• Bronzino
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Introduction of tension, contorted bodies, more nudes in complex poses. Steep perspectives
High Renaissance in Spain
• Spain: El Greco• Still church
domination• Christ driving the
money changer from the temple
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Baroque Period (17th Century)• Post reformation era; art patrons are rich trading families• Use of light, scenes from every day life, large compelling
figures• Artists: Caravaggio
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Baroque Era: King Louis XIV • Large landscapes, nobles depicted, • Everyday life depicted
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 12
Flanders, Spanish Baroque (17th)
• Rubens Velazquez
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 13Las Meninas
Dutch Masters• Rembrandt Vermeer
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Rococo: 18th Century (Louis XV)
• Reaction against the pomp of Baroque
• Prominence of S & C curves
• Fantasy worlds
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Francisco de Mura 1782
Neoclassicism (18th Century)• Precise outlines, not shadows but unbroken lines
new sense of order in brush work• Figures in gestures• Jacque Louis David
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David (18th Century)
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Pannini , Goya (18th Century)
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19th Century: Romanticism Realism Naturalism
• Discovery of new colors (emerald green, cobalt blue & violet)• Collapsible tubes late 19th century freedom to paint anywhere• More landscape & seascape
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ConstableCorot
1852: Impressionism• First to take easel outside & painted objects• Optical illusion discovered, camera was used• Edouard Manet
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Masters: Claude Monet
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Pissarro, Renoir
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Paul Gauguin in Tahiti
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Post Impressionism• Van Gogh, Seurat, Degas,
Cezanne• Experimenting with
application of paint• Revolt against the
impressionists
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 24
Van Gogh
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 25
Starry Night
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Seurat
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Degas
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20th Century: Fauvism, Abstract• Representation of subconscious & metaphysical • Matisse
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 29
Cubism 1906-1920• See from different angel – not what you see what
you imagine to be there!
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 30
Expressionism 1910-1930
• Only thing matters is the expression of emotionKandinsky
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 31
Munch
Surrealism
• Dali
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Abstract
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Abstract Art: Pollack
Brief History of Western Art All rights reserved © Naeem Zafar 34
Pop Art (Warhol)
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Art Discovery• My favorite museums:
– The Wallace collection (London)– Thyssen collection & Prado Annex (Madrid)– City of Dijon – LA county museum, Getty Collection (So Cal)
• Popular choices– The Louvre, Musee D’Orsay (Paris)– Rijks Museum & Van Gogh’s (Amsterdam)– Tate, National Galley (London)– Metropolitan, Guggenheim, Frick, MOMA (NYC)
• http://www.artcyclopedia.com/museums.html
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Summary
• Art is powerful expression -- It moves you • Start the journey & surround yourself with art• Make a promise to see a few museums • Always get the audio guide
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