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MODERNISM
ART AND DESIGN
D E – C O D I N G
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
MODERNISMEarly Modernism was a movement characterized by its
deliberate break from design patterns and traditions of the
past.
Reacting against Victorian sensibilities, and distraught by
political and social upheavals across the globe, these artists
sought to create a new concept of design through
experiments in simplicity, geometry, color, and photography.
Early modern designers drew inspiration from modern art movements, and frequently traveled through Europe to draw
inspiration from each other as well.
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
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DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
NARRATIVE
MAGIC
SYNTHETIC
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ABSTRACTION
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
CUBISM
PICTORIALISM
POP ART
ASSEMBLAGE
OP ART
ILLUSION
NEO EXPRESSIONISM
SURREALISM
F A N T A S Y
FANTASY
CONSTRUCTIVISM
EXPRESSIONISM
PICTORIALISM
ART PHOTO
05 06 07
0401 02 03
REALISM
COLOUR FIELD
COLOUR FIELD
EARLY COLOUR
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
ANALYTICAL ACTION ART
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
ABSTRACTION
Art which is either completely non-representational, or which converts forms observed in reality into patterns which are read by the spectator primarily as independent relationships, rather than with reference to the original source. Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms
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01
ART IN DESIGN
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
01
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
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ABSTRACTION
ART IN DESIGN
Wilhelm Uhde (1910)
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D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
C U B I S M1. Analyzing and simplifying reality into
geometric shapes
2. Began in 1907 by Pablo Picasso and
Georges Braque
3. Based on Paul Cezanne’s ideas and
technique
4. Concerned with surface design
5. Eventual elimination of emotion and
personal feelings
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ART IN DESIGN
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
C U B I S MSYNTHETICANALYTICAL
1. Subdued
tonality, almost
monochromatic
2. Angled shapes
3. Systematic and
organized
1. “Collage
Cubism”
2. Combination of
actual,
simulated, and
invented
textures
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ART IN DESIGN
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
CUBISM: EARLY CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN1. Early Cubism: Depiction of the whole structure of the object and its position in space, combining different viewpoints.
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ART IN DESIGN1. Early Cubism: Depiction of the whole structure of the object and its position in space, combining different viewpoints.
Picasso’s Le Gourmet(1901)
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ART IN DESIGN
Head of Marie-Therese by Pablo Picasso, 1938.
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ART IN DESIGN
Girl With a Boat by Pablo Picasso, 1938.
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ART IN DESIGN
Portrait of Maya with a Doll (1938)
PICASSO
1. Early Cubism: Depiction of the whole structure of the object and its position in space, combining different viewpoints.
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ART IN DESIGNPicassoLes Demoiselle d’Avignon1907
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ART IN DESIGNPicasso, Female Torso (1908)
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ART IN DESIGNPicasso, Dance of Veils” 1907
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ART IN DESIGNPicassoThree women
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ART IN DESIGNPicassoThree women
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ART IN DESIGNMusketeer (1968)
Picasso has moved towards a very colorful, almost cartoonish geometrical abstraction.
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ART IN DESIGN
Three Musicians:1921. (Oil painting) Museum of Modern Art, NYC.
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ART IN DESIGN
The Painter and His Model:1928. (Oil painting)9
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso, Self Portrait
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2. Analytical Cubism: Breaking down of the subject and the space around it into angular planes or facets that record different viewpoints and information; no interest in colour or texture.
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ART IN DESIGN
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ART IN DESIGN
“Reservoir at Horta” 1909
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2. Analytical Cubism: Breaking down of the subject and the space around it into angular planes or facets that record different viewpoints, allowing the viewer to see multiple angles in one piece.
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ART IN DESIGN
Le Guitarist Pablo Picasso 1910
The geometric abstraction present in Cubist paintings became a pivotal influence on modernism
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso, Girl With a Mandolin(1910)
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso, A Woman Sitting
on a Chair(1910)
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso,Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler(1910)
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso,“Portrait of Ambrose Vollard” 1910
Monochromatic colour schemeSingle subject at a variety of anglesEach surface treated individually Variety of textures
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ART IN DESIGN
Marcel Duchamp. Nude Descending a Staircase. 1912. Oil on canvas.
Fractured movement of a figure as it descends the stairs, series of movements stopped in successive stages – similar to stop action photography
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ART IN DESIGN
Woman with a guitar, by Georges Braque, 1913
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ART IN DESIGN
Braque,Large Nude (1908)
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ART IN DESIGN
Braque, Fruit Dish (1908-09)
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ART IN DESIGN
Braque, Glass on table (1909-10)
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
3. Synthetic Cubism: Collages of interlocked fragments of newspaper, wallpaper, and labels with fragments of painting, drawing and writing; colour reintroduced & texture & pattern
CUBISM: SYNTHETIC CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Braque,
Glass, Carafe and Newspapers
(1914)
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso
“Guitar” 1913
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ART IN DESIGN
Georges Braque. The Clarinet. 1913. Oil, pasted paper, wood grain.
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ART IN DESIGN
Picasso, Guitar,Newspaper,Glass and Bottle, 1913
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ART IN DESIGN
Glass and Bottle of Suze, Paris, after November 18, 1912, Pasted papers, charcoal and goauche, Washington University Gallery of Art, St. Louis6
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ART IN DESIGNRocket:Romare Bearden, American Cubist and collagist
CUBISM: SYNTHETIC CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Train: Romare Bearden, American Cubist and collagist
CUBISM: SYNTHETIC CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Kandinsky: Improvisation 28 (second version) 1912 Oil on canvas, 43 7/8 x 63 7/8 inches
CUBISM: COLOURFUL CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Kandinsky: Composition VII (1913)
CUBISM: COLOURFUL CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Kandinsky: Composition IV (1911)
CUBISM: COLOURFUL CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Kandinsky: Yellow, Red, Blue (1925)
CUBISM: COLOURFUL CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Braque, Le Viaduct de L’Estaque (1907)
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ART IN DESIGN
Henri Matisse, The Joy of Life (1905-1906)
CUBISM: COLOURFUL CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN
Matisse, Seated Riffian, (1912-1913)
CUBISM: COLOURFUL CUBISM
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
Theo Van Doesburg issued a controversial magazine called ‘De Stijl.’ First manifesto was published in 1918.
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
Theo Van Doesburg issued a controversial magazine called ‘De Stijl.’ First manifesto was published in 1918.
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style) Theoretical movement in Holland.
Founded in 1917 in Leiden under the leadership of Theo van Doesburg.
Flourished between 1910 – 1925.
Brought together painters, sculptors, architects, furniture makers and even film makers!
The De Stijl movement ended with the death of van Doesburg in 1931.
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
Typical features
1. Pronounced “day-shteel”
2. Flattening of natural formed to linear patterns
3. Natural colour eliminated
4. Non-representational style
5. Visual balance, no focal point
6. Careful calculations and mathematic precision
7. Also termed Minimalism
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
AIMS Rejection of individual – universal approach.
Universal unity of all arts.
Treat modern building as abstract sculpture.
Freedom from eclectism.
Use of symbolic forms appropriate to “machine age.”
Create structures of clear forms and pure
proportions.
Practical use of materials like glass and steel.
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)
Theo van Doesburg
(Painter)
Piet Mondrian(Painter)
Gerrit Rietveld(Furniture maker)
Important members of the De Stijl movement :
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Abstraction of the cow-Theo van Doesburg
‘Nature should not be
copied but interpreted
and submitted to the
spirit of the picture…’
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Black and white compositionTheo van Doesburg
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Counter compositionTheo van Doesburg
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Rhythm of Russian dance-Theo van Doesburg
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Arithmetische Compositie, 1924, Theo van Doesburg
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ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Vilmos Huszar
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Theo van Doesberg
Vilmos Huszar
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Piet Mondrian
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN
Basic colour, line and shapePrimary coloursStatic horizontal and vertical linesGeometric shape
DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Piet Mondrian
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ART IN DESIGN
Basic colour and lineGridInfluenced by tonal qualities of jazz, connections between and colour and sound
DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Piet Mondrian
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN
Mondrian, Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow (1930)
DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Piet Mondrian
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN
Mondrian, Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow (1930)
DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Piet Mondrian
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN
It was said that entering Mondrian’s studio was like being in one of his paintings.
DE-STIJL: (The Style)___ Piet Mondrian
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
-Bart Van der Leck
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL:
‘ Architecture directly and immediately was perceived, as a combination of masses, of spaces and of lines.’
Abstraction in ArchitectureThe paintings were converted to simple rectangular geometries.
This made it easier to translate them into functioning architectural elements like walls, floor planes, roofs and windows.
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01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Villa at Huis ter Heide-Rob van’t Hoff
Netherlands-1916
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Villa at Huis ter Heide-Rob van’t Hoff
Netherlands-1916
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
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CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Villa at Huis ter Heide-Rob van’t Hoff
Netherlands-1916
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CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Purmerend Factory-J.J.P.Oud
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
SYNTHETIC
DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Use of orthogonal elements. - Horizontal - Vertical
Straight lines meeting and intersecting at right angles.
Rectangular smooth shapes
Controlled Asymmetry.
Colour palette restricted to primary colours- yellow, blue & red.
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CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Axonometric Studies of a house-
Theo van Doesburg
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01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Georges Vantergloo
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01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Utrecht - 1924Gerrit Rietveld-Shroder House
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Utrecht - 1924Gerrit Rietveld-Shroder House
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Utrecht - 1924Gerrit Rietveld-Shroder House
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Row HousesStuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Row HousesStuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Row HousesStuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Stuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Stuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Stuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Stuttgart GermanyJ.J. Pieter Oud,1927
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Hilversum, 1928-1930
Town Hall-Willem M. Dudok
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Hilversum, 1928-1930
Town Hall-Willem M. Dudok
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DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Hilversum, 1928-1930
Town Hall-Willem M. Dudok
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
SYNTHETIC
DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Hilversum, 1928-1930
Town Hall-Willem M. Dudok
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
SYNTHETIC
DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Hilversum, 1928-1930
Town Hall-Willem M. Dudok
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DESIGN THEORYLECTURE SERIES
DEMYSTIFYING THEORIES OF ART & ARCHITECTURE
CONTEMPORARY ART IN DESIGN
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
Villa Savoye was built by Le Corbusier in the year 1927 of reinforced concrete.
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DE-STIJL
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ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
The true modern house as per the principles of the De Stijl would be-
Elementary Economic
Functional Un-monumental
Dynamic Anti-cubic in form
Anti decorative in colour
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DE-STIJL
ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
“… The new architecture is anti-cubic, i.e. it does not try
to freeze the functional space cells in one closed cube. Rather, it
throws the functional space cells (as well as overhanging
planes, balcony volumes, etc.) centrifugally from the core of
the cube.
And through this means, height, width, depth and time
(an imaginary four dimensional entity) approaches a totally ‘new
plastic expression in open spaces.’
In this way architecture acquires a more or less floating
aspect that works against the gravitational forces of nature.”
- Theo van Doesburg
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ABSTRACTION
ANALYTICAL
CUBISM
01
ART IN DESIGN DE-STIJL: Abstraction in Architecture
D h I r a j N. S a l h o t r a
