CLOSING

PRESENTATIO

NPresented by:Parth kapoorDft-09bRoll no:17/1054

ADHESIVES

VARIOUS TYPES OF ADHESIVES1.Latex Adhesive2.Neoprene Adhesive3.Polyurethane Adhesive4.Hot-Melt Adhesive5.Pressure Sensitive Adhesive

The Main Classes Of Adhesive Used In Footwear Industry1.Vegatable Pastes2.Rubber Latex3.Natural Rubber Solution5.Neoprene or Polychloropene Adhesives6.Polyurethane Adhesive7.Hot-Melt Adhesive8.Nitrocellulose Adhesive

1.Vegetable Pastes: It is made from starch or dextrin, are mainly used in the trade for labeling boxes.

2.Rubber Latex: It is an aqueous emulsion of natural or synthetic rubber stabilised with ammonia . It normally contains 40 to 60 % solids. In sole attaching, this adhesive is used mostly to the bond leather temporarily to natural crepe.

3.Natural Rubber Solution: which is a solution of a natural rubber dissolve in solvents such as carbon tetrachloride or benzene, can be used for making permanent bonds of crepe to crepe.

4.Neoprene Adhesive: are more correctly called polychlro-prene adhesive because Neoprene is the trade name of DU Pont for polychlro-prene.

5.Poly-urethe Adhesive: It have different properties, depending on their molecular structure . Although aqueous poly-urethe emulsion are now being develop for sole bonding, of resin but with some stabilizers.

6.Hot-Melt Adhesive: It have a plastics material rather than synthetic rubber as their basic material. The most successful are polyester or polyamide resins and, to a lesser extent,EVA,a co-polymer of polyethylene and vinyl acetate.

7.Nitrocellulose Adhesives: are made from nitro-cellulose dissolve in strong solvents of the acetone group .these adhesive were the first synthetic adhesive used in the footwear industry but really never satisfactory . They have long since been replace by neoprene & polyurethane adhesives.

The Selection Of Best AdhesiveThe main points to be considered when

selecting adhesives for footwear manufacture are:

1.Cost2.Strength3.Sutability for use with shoe materials 4.Sutability for shoe in processes5.Shelf & pot life6.General Considerations

PRECAUTIONS ON USE OF ADHESIVESMany adhesives are available for specific end use. one

has to find out an ideal adhesive for specific requirements.

The adhesive manufacturers have to educate the users about the limitations on the use of individual adhesive and train the operators on the proper use of adhesive materials.

Testing and establishment of realistic quantity control procedures.

Safety in handling of materials,before,during and after use.

Customer service satisfaction requires a close working relationship between the supplier and user.

Neoprene AdhesiveIt is the generic term for synthetic rubber-like

polymers of- chlorobutadience(chloroprene),or copolymers with chlorobutadience as the main constitutent.These are usually dissolve in blends of aromatic aliphatic hydro-carbons & polar solvents such as MEK . The blends of solvents give adhesives with varying viscosities & drying rates

As with more solvent baseadhesive,neoprene can be applied by machine as well as by hand.

POLYURETHANE ADHESIVE Polyurethane(P.U) is produced when a

disocyanate having two isocyanine groups is reacted with a diol having two hydroxyl groups.

INGREDIENTSPolyols having a molecular weight 1000.The

polyols may be polyether, polyester or polybutadiene based.

Diisocyanate:This is either toluene disocyanate(TDI)or methylene bis (4,4;phenyl isocyanine)MDI.

Curing agent may be a short chain diol or triol for MDI and an aromatic diamine for TDI.

HOT MELT ADHESIVE These are of cent percent solid content and are

free from solvents. The availability of a variety of polymers with a broad spectrum of properties tailored for a specific end use, is an added advantage. Today hot melt formulations are available for temporary as well as permanent attachment in shoe manufacture.

Usually supplied to footwear industry in the form of granules and rods (in coils).When these adhesives heated to high temperature, they melt rapidly into a fluid, flow freely on bonding sites, wet the surfaces, quickly cool, solidify to a crystalline solid and thereby adhere to give good bond strength between the two surfaces.

HOT MELT ADHESIVEUSED IN THERMOFOLDING

MACHINESAMBER COLOUREDSTITCHED AS IT IS NOT A

PERMANENT BOND

PROPERTIESAmber coloured.Polyamide is used instead of polyester due to

its flexibility, low melting point and availability in either granular, rod or block form.

Toe puffs,stiifeners,backing cloths and lining material, for lamination could be precoated (either overall,or splattered)with hot melt adhesives and they attached by pressing under heated plates(hand iron, laminating press).

It must be stitched as it’s not a permanent bond.

USAGE Hot melt adhesives are used in shoe upper

assembly for attaching linings to uppers and edge bonding. Textile linings with thermo cement coatings or film adhesives is kept on the upper and attached by ironing. Bonded surface presents a clean, uniform and neat appearance with a rapid setting. The cement is also extruded as in the thermocementing,folding and attaching machine.

TESTS FOR ADHESIVESVISCOSITY: The object of this test is to get an idea of

information regarding the age,quality,stability,solids content, molecular weight and specific gravity of the adhesive.

DRYING TIME: The adhesive is applied by the brush to the surface of the material. The time at which the adhesive film develops tackiness as its starts sticking to the finger.

TACK: The force required to separates two surfaces, one of which has been coated with an adhesive after they have been in contact over a specified area at a specified pressure for a specified time. Tensile testing machine is used and the results are given in pounds/sq inch required to part the test blocks.

SHELF LIFE: The viscosity of the same adhesive sample is determined periodically at the regular intervals of time,the results are compared with that of the value of a fresh sample or original shape.

POT LIFE: It is determined by noting down the changes in viscosity or bond strength, but the test methods should be as agreeable between the adhesive manufacturer and the user

PEEL STRENGTH: Peel strength of an adhesive in kg./cm width obtained by peeling the two surfaces and recording the adhesive strength. The objective of this test is to get an information as to the behavior of the adhesive to an andherend i.e., bond strength.

REINFORCEME

NT

SEAM TAPESTHERMOPLASTIC ADHESIVE FILM

APPLIED TO SEWN SEAMS OF FABRICS TO PREVENT WATER FROM LEAKING THROUGH THE SEAMS

APPLIED BY USING AIR TAPING MACHINES, LASER OR ULTRA SONIC MACHINERY.

E.g. CREPE PAPER TAPE, LIGHT/MEDIUM COTTON SHEETING ETC.

strap and stripping reinforcement

NYLON COATED CUT TAPE: COATED 1 OR BOTH SIDE(S) FOR STRAP AND STRIPPING APPLICATIONS

NYLON CUT TAPE: COATED BOTH SIDES FOR BUCKLE HOLES IN WIDER STRAPS

NON-WOVEN TAPE: COATED 1 OR 2 SIDE(S) RAW EDGE STRAPS ETC

FACING AND TRIM REINFORCEMENT

COATED LIGHT COTTON DRILL TAPE: FLEXIBLE AND HIGH QUALITY

COATED COMPRESSED PAPER TAPE: GOOD RESISTANCE TO COMPRESSION AND USED IN EYELET ATTACHMENT

COATED NON-WOVEN POLYPROPYLENE TAPE: LIGHT WEIGHT WITH GOOD TEAR RESISTANCE AND IT HAS HIGH STRENGTH

COATED NON-WOVEN POLYESTER TAPE: HIGH PERFORMANCE AND USED FOR ALL METALLIC FASTENINGS.

THANK YOU.