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THE INFLUENCE OF AUSTRALIAN AND JAPANESE
TOURISTS NUMBER ON BALI LOCAL REVENUE
IN 2010-2013
SCHOLARLY PAPER
Submitted to fulfill a final requirement study at senior high school 1 in MATHEMATICS lesson
Written by :
Syifa Sahaliya131410145
XII Science 9
SUMEDANG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1
i
APPROVAL PAGE
The Influence of Australian and Japanese Tourists
Number on Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Approved by,
Material Adviser,
Dedeh Hodiyah, M.Pd.
NIP 19680705 199101 2 002
Technical Adviser,
Acih Mintarsih, S.Pd. M.M.Pd.
NIP 19641230 198703 2 003
Known by,
The Headmaster of Senior High School 1
Sumedang,
Drs. Yosep Raharja, M.M.Pd.
NIP 19621126 198703 1 011
Homeroom Teacher of XII Science 9,
Dra. Alis Nursofa, M.Ag.
NIP 19670523 199802 2 001
ii
iii
DEDICATED PAGE
“So remember Me, I will remember you. And be grateful to Me and do not deny Me” (Al-Baqarah : 152)...
“There’s no success without a sacrifice and there’s no success without hardness”...
I dedicate this page toMom & Dad (Aam & Darsim) , also My Beloved
brothers and sister (Acep, Rubby, and Rully), who always support me,
Then Mr. Sarip, Mrs. Sa’diah, Ms. Nurul, Mr. Ruhbi, Mrs. Lin, and Mrs. Titin who’ve motivated me
The Big Family of Integrated Junior High School of Ar-Risalah , especially SPURS 1013 and all members of TIREX
Basketball Team who’ve made me understand about “Life”
The Big Family of Karnaval Ar-Risalah Dormitory, who taught me
“THE Struggle”
The Big Family of Universe :
AIDA, ARNI, CHAIDIR, DWI, EGI, ELNI, FITRI, GENDIS, GHINA, MIA, MOCH. FIKRY, NADYA, NOVIA, RIBHY, SHAINNE, TALITHA, AND YEVI
iii
who’ve colored my days
and this is for everyone whom I love...This is for you ^_^
PREFACE
All praises may be to Allah, the most Gracious, the One,
with His love and mercy I can finish this scholarly paper. May the
blessing and peace of Allah be upon the last and the great
prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companions, his
followers, and his following followers till the day of judgement.
As long as the author wrote this scholarly paper, there
were many difficulties faced from many sides. But, with all
guidances, suggestions, and motivations from all sides, finally
the scholarly paper entitled “The Influence of Australian and
Japanese Tourists Number on Bali Local revenue in 2010-2013”
can be finished well. Therefore, the author would like to thank
to :
1. Mr. Drs. Yosep Raharja, M.M.Pd., as the Headmaster of Senior High
School 1 Sumedang who always gives good examples for all students.
iv
2. Mrs. Dra. Alis Nursofa, M.Ag, as the Homeroom teacher of XII Science 9
which always motivates and encourages author to complete this scholarly
paper soon.
3. Mrs. Dedeh Hodiyah, M.Pd. and Mrs. Acih Mintarsih, S.Pd.
M.M.Pd., as the advisers who always guide the materially, and
technically, and give any corrections during the writing of this scholarly
paper.
4. My beloved parents who always support materially and spiritually,
especially their miracle prayers, motivation, knowledge, and simpathy that
make the author feel excited to finish this scholarly paper well.
5. My beloved brothers and sister who always cheer the author up to finish
this scholarly paper soon.
6. All teachers of Sumedang Senior High School 1 for their advices.
7. All of my friends, especially all members of Universe who have colored
my days, and given the author inspiration.
The author realizes this scholarly paper is still far of perfection, therefore
the author is waiting for the suggestion and the comments from the readers. The
author hopes that it can make the improvement to be better in the future.
Hopefully, this scholarly paper could give benefits to the readers.
v
Sumedang, October 2015
The Author
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE.........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL PAGE.................................................................................................ii
DEDICATED PAGE...............................................................................................ii
PREFACE................................................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................................ii
TABLE OF PICTURES...........................................................................................ii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.............................................................................2
1.1 Problem Background.................................................................................2
1.2 Problem Formulation.................................................................................2
1.3 Research Purpose......................................................................................2
1.4 Time and Place of Research......................................................................2
1.5 Research Methods.....................................................................................2
1.6 Writing Systematic....................................................................................2
vi
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW.................................................................2
2.1 Definition of Foreign Tourists...................................................................2
2.2 Definition of Local Revenue.....................................................................2
2.2.1 Sources of Local Revenue..................................................................2
2.3 Statistic......................................................................................................2
2.3.1 Statistical Basic..................................................................................2
2.3.2 History of Statistics............................................................................2
2.3.3 Statistics As a grouping of Analytical Methods.................................2
2.3.4 Benefit of Statistics............................................................................2
2.3.4 Forms of Data Presentation................................................................2
CHAPTER III DISCUSSION PROBLEMS............................................................2
3.1 The Development of Australian tourist visitors to Bali in 2010-2013......2
3.1.1 Presentation of Data...........................................................................2
3.2 The Development of Japanese Tourist Visitors to Bali in 2010- 2013.....2
3.2.1 Presentation of Data...........................................................................2
3.3 The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to Bali
Island in 2010-2013..............................................................................................2
3.3.1 Presentation of Data...........................................................................2
3.4 The Development of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013...........................2
3.4.1 Presentation of Data...........................................................................2
a. Bar Chart.......................................................................................................2
3.5 The Influence of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to Bali Local
Revenue in 2010-2013..........................................................................................2
3.5.2 Data Processing..................................................................................2
3.5.3 Data Processing..................................................................................2
vii
CHAPTER IV..........................................................................................................2
CLOSING................................................................................................................2
4.1 Conclusions...............................................................................................2
4.1 Suggestions................................................................................................2
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................................ii
BIOGRAPHY..........................................................................................................ii
ATTACHMENT......................................................................................................ii
viii
TABLE OF PICTURES
Picture 2.3.4.2 Example Diagram Circle.................................................................2
Picture 2.3.4.3 Example Histogram Graph..............................................................2
Picture 2.3.4.4 Example Line Diagram....................................................................2
Picture 3.1.1 The Number of Australian Tousrists in 2010-2013 in Bar Chart.......2
Picture 3.1.2 The Number of Australian Tousrists in 2010-2013 in Line Diagram 2
Picture 3.2.1 The Number of Japanese Tousrist in 2010-2013 in Bar Chart...........2
Picture 3.2.2 The Number of Japanese Tousrists in 2010-2013 in Line Diagram.. .2
Picture 3.3.1 The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to
Bali Island in 2010-2013 in Bar Chart.....................................................................2
Picture 3.3.2 The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to
Bali Island in 2010-2013 in Line Diagram..............................................................2
Picture 3.4.1 The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 in Bar Chart.......2
Picture 3.4.2 The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 in Line Diagram 2
Picture 3.5 The Number of Australian Tourists to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-
2013 in Line Diagram..............................................................................................2
Picture 3.5.2 The Number of Japanese Tourists to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-
2013 in Line Diagram..............................................................................................2
ix
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem Background
Bali island is a small island that is so beautiful that many tourists
both local and foreign tourists visit Bali which is very prominent with their
objects, such as nature tourism and cultural tourism. Tourists know Bali
island than Indonesia, or it can be said that the name of Bali is more
famous than the name of Indonesia. This indicates that Bali island has a
very strong appeal to the international community. Even in the book
"Indonesian Portraits from an Archipelago" written by Ian Charles
Stewart, Bali is mentioned as a "gem" in the east end of the island of Java.
Thus, it is evident that Bali island is a promising potential land for
Indonesian tourism industry for foreign tourists, especially Australia and
Japan, both of which are countries in the Asia Pacific region.
Foreign tourists are tourists who come from abroad, or people who
relax into other countries. Australia is a country located in the south of
Indonesia and is separated from Asia by the Arafura and Timor Sea. While
Japan is an island nation located in East Asia and in northern Indonesia.
Australia and Japan is the 2 countries with the highest rating among other
countries who visit the island of Bali.
1
Bali island becomes an area that has the largest local revenues in
the tourism sector in all parts of Indonesia. With regard to the affairs of
local revenues of Bali above (local revenue here is only concerned with the
tourism sector), then the number of tourism becomes very important here.
From year to year the number of tourists of Australia and Japan
who came to the island of Bali is not always constant it increases or even
decrease. The author feels more interested in studying the influence of
tourists of Australia and Japan to Bali Local Revenue in the year 2010-
2013. Therefore, the author is interested in doing a study entitled " The
Influence of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number on
Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013"
1.2 Problem Formulation
In this research, the author has some problem
formulations, these are :
1. How is the development of The Australian tourist
number on Bali Island in 2010-2013?
2. How is the development of The Japanese tourist number
on Bali Island in 2010-2013?
3. How is the development of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-
2013?
2
4. How is the influence of Australian and Japanese Tourists
number on Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 ?
1.3 Research Purpose
The purpose to be achieved after finishing this research
are :
1. to know the development of The Australian tourist
number on Bali Island in 2010-2013 ;
2. to know the development of The Japanese tourist
number on Bali Island in 2010-2013 ;
3. to know the development of Bali Local Revenue in
2010-2013 ;
4. to know the influence of Australian and Japanese
Tourists number on Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013.
1.4 Time and Place of Research
The author was conducting this research while the
big family of Sumedang Senior High School 1 were touring
to Bali on Juni 6, 2015 until July 13, 2015. Some objects were
visited, such as; Tanah Lot, Panglipuran village, Bedugul lake, Turtle
Island, Pandawa Beach, Soka Beach, Kute Beach, and Joker.
3
1.5 Research Methods
In this scholarly paper, the author conducted several
methods to obtain the necessary data, these are :
1. Literature Study, by reading books related to the
material that will be discussed.
2. Observation, by observing to the observation sites.
3. Browsing The Internet, by searching data in the sites
which are necessary for my scholarly paper.
1.6 Writing Systematic
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION, consists of problem
background, problem formulation, research purpose, time
and place of research, research methods, and writing
systematic.
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW,
CHAPTER III DISCUSSION PROBLEMS,
CHAPTER IV CLOSING, as the closing of scholarly
paper writing which consists of the conclusions and
suggestions.
4
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Definition of Foreign Tourists
Foreign tourists are citizens of a country who travel from their
country to the outside environment (entering other countries). In terms of
foreign tourists in the Dictionary of Indonesian, foreign tourists are tourists
who come from abroad.
Australia is located in the southern hemisphere between the Pacific
Ocean and the Indian Ocean. Australian continent stretches from 10° 41'SL
until 43° 39'SL and from 113° 09'EL until 153° 39'EL. Australia shared the
ocean with the nearest neighbors, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
Australia is located in southeast Indonesia. At the nearest point limit,
Australia and Indonesia are only a few kilometers apart.
Japan is an archipelago called Nippon by the Japanese. It’s well
known as the Rising Sun Country and Sakura Country. Japan is located in
north Indonesia, with astronomical layout 30ºNL until 47ºNL and 128ºEL
until 146ºEL, and the geographical position in east Asia region apart from
Asia, east Asia and west Pacific Ocean.
From the data taken by the Central Bureau of Statistics of Bali
Province, Australia ranked first in the list of ten countries supplying tourists
to Bali. Under the head of this government agency, I Gede Suarsa added that
5
Australians continually come to Bali because they consider Bali as their
second home. This means that Australians feel comfortable staying in Bali,
both because of the uniqueness of this island, or because of the tendency of
Australians who want to escape for a moment from the bustle in their
country. In addition, the main reason why the number of Australian tourists
visit Bali is due to the geographical position of the adjacent Bali and
Australia, as well as the uniqueness of Bali which is offered to the tourists of
Australia.
Not much different from Australian tourists, many Japanese tourists
also visiti the island because of the privilege and the uniqueness of the island
itself. Although the location is quite far away from Japan, but the Japanese
tourists including foreign tourists are the most numerous and frequent
tourists who come to Bali after Australia. They liked the island of Bali and
tourist attractions such as Bajra Sandhi and other historic buildings.
2.2 Definition of Local Revenue
Local Revenue hereinafter called PAD is reception area obtained
from sources within its own territory which is levied based on Local
Regulation in accordance with the legislation in force (Article 1 of Law No.
33 of 2004). Then Abdul Halim (2004: 64) says that the original income
(PAD) are all local revenues derived from the sources of the local economy.
From both definitions, the author concluded that revenue is all local revenues
6
collected by local regulations in accordance with the legislation in force and
obtained from its own territory.
Local Revenue (PAD) Bali Province 2010-2013 period was
influenced by the growth in the number of tourist arrivals in a positive way.
The increase in the value growth of the number of tourist arrivals will mean
the increasing rate of the number of hotel occupancy, both star and non-star
hotels, as well as increase the number of tourists visiting the place of tourism
objects, both natural tourism, historical and cultural tourism in the province
of Bali. It also will increase the number of hotels and restaurants that will
have an impact on the increase in local tax revenues and levies, which in turn
will increase revenue.
2.2.1 Sources of Local Revenue
Based on Law No. 25 of 1999 the sources of revenue (PAD) either
the district or city are derived from :
1. Local Tax.
2. Local Retribution.
3. The companies belong to the region and the nature wealth of the areas.
4. Other Local Revenue legitimate.
7
The definition of the sources of local revenue based on Law No. 25
of 1999 is as follows:
1. Local Tax
Local tax is the compulsory contributions made by individual or
entity to areas without immediate reward that can not be enforced and used
to finance the organization of local governance, which consists of :
a. Hotel taxes.
b. Restaurant tax.
c. Entertainment tax.
d. Advertisement tax.
e. Street lighting tax.
f. Tax Collection and the Processing of Minerals Group C.
g. Parking Tax.
2. Retribution
It is the compulsory contribution made by individual or entity to the
region in exchange for immediate and can not be enforced and used to
finance the implementation of the local government, which consists of :
8
a. Public service levies.
b. Business service levies.
c. Specific Licensing levy.
3. The income of companies belong to the region and the
processing of other separated regional assets include:
a. Share of profit.
b. Dividends.
c. The sale of shares belonging to the area.
4. Other legitimate local revenue, such as sales of fixed assets and
current accounts area.
Based on the Regional Revenue of Office Cimahi office in it’s book
(DIPENDA, 2003), the Local Revenue (PAD) is the revenue taken from
local sources within its own territory imposed under the law, which is
derived from :
A. Local Tax
1) Provincial Tax.
a. Motor Vehicle Tax and Vehicle on Water (PKB).
b. Customs of Vehicle and Vehicle on Water (BBNKB).
c. Motor Vehicle Fuel Tax (PBBKB).
d. Taxes on the extraction and utilization of ground water and surface water.
9
2) District / City Tax
a. Hotel taxes.
b. Restaurant tax.
c. Entertainment tax.
d. Advertising Tax
e. Public street lighting tax.
f. Collection Tax and Processing of Minerals Group C.
g. Parking Tax.
B. Retribution
Retribution is a levy that is conducted by the Regional Government
for services and the use of public facilities provided by the regional
government for the benefit of society, appropriate with regional regulations
applied.
C. Regional Owned Company Results wealth management and other areas
that are separated.
D. Other Local Revenue approved the sale of fixed assets such as regional
and current accounts.
10
2.3 Statistic
2.3.1 Statistical Basic
According to Wikipedia ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics )
Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation,
and organization of data. In applying statistics to, e.g., a scientific, industrial,
or societal problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or
a statistical model process to be studied. Populations can be diverse topics
such as "all persons living in a country" or "every atom composing a crystal".
Statistics deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data
collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.
When census data cannot be collected, statisticians collect data by
developing specific experiment designs and survey samples. Representative
sampling assures that inferences and conclusions can safely extend from the
sample to the population as a whole. An experimental study involves taking
measurements of the system under study, manipulating the system, and then
taking additional measurements using the same procedure to determine if the
manipulation has modified the values of the measurements. In contrast, an
observational study does not involve experimental manipulation.
11
2.3.2 History of Statistics
The use of the term statistics / statistics stems from the Latin term in
modern terms statisticum collegium ("council of state") and the Italian
statista ("statesman" or "politician"). English dictionary we will find the
word statistics and statistics said. Those two words have different meanings.
The word statistics means "the science of statistics", was said statistic
diartika as "size obtained or derived from a sample," ie as opposed to the
word "parameter" which means "measure obtained or derived from the
population".
Gottfried Achenwall (1749) use statistics in German for the first time
as a name for the data analysis activities of state, to interpret it as "the
science of the state (state)". At the beginning of the 19th century there has
been a shift in the sense of being "knowledge regarding the collection and
classification of data". Sir John Sinclair introduced the name (Statistics) and
these terms into English. Thus, statistics in principle at first only takes care
of the data used administrative agencies and government. Data collection
continues, in particular through the census conducted regularly to provide
information on population change at any time.
In the 19th century and early 20th century statistics started being used
mainly opportunities. Branch of statistics that are currently very widely used
to support scientific methods, statistical inference, developed in the second
half of the 19th century and early 20th century by Ronald Fisher (the
12
foundation stone of statistical inference), Karl Pearson (linear regression
method), and William Sealey Gosset (researching the problem of small
sample size). The use of statistics in the past can now be said to have touched
all areas of science, from astronomy to linguistika. Fields of economics,
biology and branches of its application, as well as psychology influenced by
the statistical methodology. Consequently born combined sciences such as
econometrics, biometrics (or biostatistics), and psikometrika.
Although there are those who think of statistics as a branch of
mathematics, but some others consider the statistics as a field that is much
related to the mathematical view of the history and application. In Indonesia,
most of the statistical studies included in the faculty of mathematics and
natural sciences, both within its own departments and incorporated with
math.
2.3.3 Statistics As a grouping of Analytical Methods
a. Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive statistics is the science of statistics relating to the
activities of recording and summarizing the results of observations of events
or characteristics of human beings, places and so on, quantitative, or
statistical study ways of collecting, preparing, and presenting and depiction
data has been collected to a study.
13
The activities included in this category, such as data collection,
grouping data, the determination of value and statistical functions, create
graphs, diagrams and drawings. Records regarding the number of births,
deaths and marriages per year are called statistics. Similarly, descriptive
regarding age, education level, as well as the composition ernik residents
living in an area.
The main purpose of the operation descriptive statistics is easier for
people to read and understand the meaning of data. The scope includes
descriptive statistics:
1) The frequency distribution
2) Measurement of central values (mean, mode, median and standard
deviation), dispersion, skewness and kurtosis.
3) Presentation of data in the form of graphs (histograms, polygons, ogive)
4) Figures Index
5) Time series or time series
b. Inferential Statistics
Inferential statistics is the field of statistical science that studies the
procedures for drawing conclusions about the entire population based on
existing data (sample) or statistics relating to the activities of drawing
conclusions from the facts, and making decisions based on facts.
14
In the inferential staistik contain parameter estimation, hypothesis
testing, prediction and calculation of the degree of association between
variables. The scope of inferential statistics include:
1) Probability.
2) Distribution of data.
3) Estimation of parameters
4) Test the hypothesis including chi-square test and analysis of variance.
5) Regression analysis.
6) The correlation analysis.
2.3.4 Benefit of Statistics
1. Statistics As Material Planning
Statistics as described in the previous point is the knowledge
associated with data collection, processing, analysis, presentation, and
drawing conclusions and making decisions based on data and analysis of
activities undertaken. In other words, any data that is needed is the data
reliable and timely. Through reliable data and timely expected that all data
processing activities will generate information to make an appropriate
decision. Possibilities of irregularities that have been tried to be eliminated as
small as possible through various methods developed in statistics, will
greatly assist in any planning activities program.
15
2. Statistics For Monitoring Materials
As already mentioned in the narrow sense that the statistics are a
summary of data in the form of numbers then it is very helpful in an activity
monitoring. Therefore, generally performed in the monitoring activity is to
monitor all the strength and weaknesses of the program that involves many
variables in the form of a summary of data (for example: the number of
babies weighed, population, number of family planning acceptors, number of
children immunized and so forth).
3. Statistics As Material Evaluation
By knowing a variety of reliable data so we can then analyze and
decide the good and the bad. In addition, through a variety of existing data
we can compare and then make a generalization of the small sample to the
population.
2.3.4 Forms of Data Presentation
1. Table
Tables are more appropriately called table column line are tables
made apart from contingency tables and frequency distribution is a table
16
consisting of rows and columns that have the feature is not composed of the
factors that consists of several categories and do not constitute quantitative
data made into several groups.
Examples Table Grade Point Avarage (GPA) list a student of Mathematics
Education
Number Semester GPA
1 I 3,12
2 II 3,00
3 III 3,39
4 IV 3,37
5 V 2,9
6 VI 3,3
7 VII 3,4
2. Diagram Circle
Presentation of statistical data in percent or degrees dapan using pie
charts. The surplus, a place to make a pie chart is not too large. The pie chart
is very useful to show and compare the proportion of data. The drawback, pie
charts can not show the frequency.
17
Example Diagram Circle
25%
50%
15%10%
Method of Transportation to School
Bycicle School Bus Car Walk
Picture 2.3.4.2 Example Diagram Circle
3. Histogram Graph
A histogram is a graph of the frequency distribution of a variable.
Histogram display in the form of patches of rectangles. As a horizontal axis
may be put on the edges of the class, the class limits or values of variables
observed, while the vertical axis shows the frequency. For distribution
bergolong or groups who become abscissa is the middle value of each class.
(Drs. Ating Somantri, 2006: 113).
18
Example Histogram Graph
Picture 2.3.4.3 Example Histogram Graph
4. Line Diagram
Line charts are made usually to show the development of a state. The
development of an upward bias bias down. This appears visually through the
line in the graph. There is a vertical line in the graph showing the number
and the horizontal shows certain variables shown in the figure below, which
need to be considered in making the graph is the appropriateness of making
the scale on the vertical line which will reflect the number of observation
results. (Dr. Sugiyono, 2002: 34).
19
The Number of Students in Integrated Junior High School of Ar-Risalah Ciamis0
100
200
300
400
500
600
100200
300
400
500
600
The Number of Students in integrated junior high school of Ar-risalah ciamis
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Example Line Diagram
Picture 2.3.4.4 Example Line Diagram
5. Pearson Colleration
Pearson correlation statistic is a technique used to measure the
strength of the relationship two variables and also to be able to know the
relationship between the two variables with results that are quantitative. The
strength of the relationship between the two variables in question here is
whether the relationship closely, weak, or not closely while the shape of the
relationship is whether the shape of the correlation Linear Linear Positive or
Negative.
20
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 20250
200400600800
100012001400160018002000
1000
15001600
1700 18001900
The Number of Students in Ar-Risalah Boarding School Ciamis
The Number of Students in Ar-Risalah Boarding School Ciamis
The strength of relationship between two variables are usually called
correlation coefficient and denoted by the symbol "r". R coefficients value
will always be between -1 to + 1.Koefisien correlation will always be in the
range -1 ≤ r ≤ +1. Pearson Correlation Coefficient The correlation coefficient
is also called the Simple because the simple correlation coefficient
calculation formula is expressed by Karl Pearson is a mathematician who
came from England.
The formula used to calculate the correlation coefficients Modest is
as follows:
(This formula is also called the Pearson Product Moment).
Description:
n = Number of data pair X and Y
ΣX = Total Number of Variable X
ΣY = Total Number of Variable Y
ΣX2 = Squares of Total Total Variable X
ΣY2 = Squares of Total Total Variable Y
ΣXY = Result Multiplication of Total Number of variable X and variable Y
21
Pattern / Form of relationship between two variables :
1. Correlation Linear Positive (+1)
Change one followed Variable Value followed by other Variable
Value that changes regularly in the same direction. If the value variable X
increases, the variable Y will go up. If the value variable X has decreased,
then the variable Y will come down. If the correlation coefficient value
closer to +1 (positive one) means a pair of data variables X and Y variables
have a strong positive linear correlation / Closely.
2. Correlation Linear negative (-1)
Change one followed Variable Value followed by other Variable
Value that changes regularly with the opposite direction. If the value variable
X increases, the variable Y will fall. If the value has decreased variable X,
then Y variable value will rise. If the correlation coefficient value close to -1
(negative one) then this shows a pair of data variables X and Y variables
have a strong negative linear correlation / closely.
3. Correlates (0)
22
The increase in value only variable that is sometimes followed by the
decrease in other variables or sometimes followed by an increase in other
variable. Direction relation irregular, sometimes one way, sometimes the
opposite. If the correlation coefficient value close to 0 (zero) means a pair of
data variables X and Y variables correlated very weakly or not correlated
likely.
Coefficient of Determination
The correlation coefficient, r, only provides a measure of the strength
and direction of the linear relationship between two variables. But does not
provide information on what proportion of variance (variation) dependent
variable (Y) that can be explained or caused by a linear relationship with the
value of the independent variable (X). R value can not be compared directly,
for example, we can not say that the value of r = 0.8 is twice the value of r =
0.4.
Fortunately, squared values of r can measure precisely the ratio /
proportion of these, and the value of this statistic called the coefficient of
determination, r 2. Thus, the coefficient of determination can be defined as
the value which states that the proportion of Y diversity can be explained /
described by a linear relationship between the variables X and Y.
23
24
r The Criteria of Relationship according to Proffesor Sugiyono
0 No Correlation
> 0 – 0,199 Very Low Correlation>0,20 – 0,399 Low Correlation>0,40 – 0,599 Medium Correlation>0,60 – 0,799 Strong Correlation>0,80 – 0,999 Very Strong Correlation
1 Perfect Correlation
CHAPTER III
DISCUSSION PROBLEMS
3.1 The Development of Australian Tourists Visitors to Bali in 2010-
2013
Australia is a country that’s located close to Indonesia, and automatically it’s
also close to the island of Bali. Australian tourists visited Bali because of the beauty
and uniqueness of the island itself, and many of the Australian tourists visited Bali
because the distance is not too far between Australia and Bali. The number of
Australian tourists who visited Bali in 2010-2013 relatively increased. Here are data
on the number of Australian tourists visited Bali in 2010-2013.
Table 3.1 The Number of Australian Tourists to Bali in 2010-2013
25
Number Years Number of Australian Tourists
1 2010 647.872
2 2011 790.965
3 2012 823.821
4 2013 826.385
From the data above we can see the number of Australian tourists visited
Bali island from 2010 to 2013 has increased. It means that the island was
increasingly in demand by Australian tourist, so that more Australian tourists visited
Bali.
3.1.1 Presentation of Data
a. Bar Chart
Picture 3.1.1 The Number of Australian Tousrists in 2010-2013 in Bar
Chart.
26
2010 2011 2012 20130
100200300400500600700800900
647.872
790.965 823.821 826.385
The Number of Australian Tourists in 2010-2013
Number of Australian Tourists
b. Line Diagram
Picture 3.1.2 The Number of Australian Tousrists in 2010-2013 in Line
Diagram.
3.2 The Development of Japanese Tourist Visitors to Bali in 2010-
2013
Bali island is famous for its beauty, there are many attractions on the island
of Bali, as well as the uniqueness of objects that make foreign tourists interested in
visiting the island, including Japan which is located quite far from Indonesia. There
are many Japanese tourists who visit the island of Bali. However, in 2010-2011 the
number of Japanese tourists visiting Indonesia declined, and in 2012-2013 increased
27
2010 2011 2012 20130
100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
647972
790965 823821 826385
The Number of Australian Tourists in 2010-2013
Number of Australian Tourists
again. The following data is the number of Japanese tourists visiting the island of
Bali in 2010-2013.
Table 3.2 The Number of Japanese Tourists in 2010-2013
From the data above we can see the number of Japanese tourists visited Bali
island from 2010 to 2013 decreased and increased. Decrease occurred in 2011,
whereas the increase occurred in 2012-2013.
According to the head of the Bali Tourism Office, Ida Bagus Kadek
Subhiksu, there were many factors affecting the decline in the number of Japanese
tourists to Bali, one of them was the closing of direct flights of Japan Airlines (JAL)
Narita-Ngurah Rai on October 1, 2010. One reason JAL closed direct flights to
Denpasar was, due to the financial problems that convoluted the airline. Thus, the
direct flight path of Tokyo-Denpasar is only operated by Garuda Indonesia.
Furthermore Subhiksu states, in addition to the closure of JAL flight path, the
murder case of two Japanese tourists in 2009 and the catastrophic March 11, 2011,
28
Number Years Number of Japanese Tourists
1 2010 246.465
2 2011 183.284
3 2012 191.836
4 2013 208.115
also affected the reduction in the number of Japanese tourists to Bali. However, in
subsequent years the number of Japanese tourists increased again, this happened
because the Garuda plane started to fly to Haneda airport in Tokyo, then with the
end of the case of two Japanese tourists murder as well as the disaster on March 11,
2011.
So, there are several factors that lead to a decrease in the number of Japanese
tourists who visited the island in 2011, three of them due to the closure of direct
flights Japan Airlines (JAL) Narita-Ngurah Rai on October 1, 2010 ago, then the
murder case of two Japanese tourists in 2009 and the disaster on March 11, 2011.
However, in subsequent years the number of Japanese tourists has increased back
because Garuda began to fly to Haneda airport in Tokyo, then with the end of the
case of two Japanese murder tourists as well as the disaster on March 11, 2011.
3.2.1 Presentation of Data
a. Bar Chart
Picture 3.2.1 The Number of Japanese Tousrist in 2010-2013 in Bar
Chart.
b. Line Diagram
29
Picture 3.2.2 The Number of Japanese Tousrists in 2010-2013 in Line
Diagram.
3.3 The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to
Bali Island in 2010-2013
The number of Australian tourists visited Bali in the years 2010-2013 was
more than the number of Japanese tourists who visited the island in 2010-2013.
Australian tourist numbers continued to increase from year to year, while the
number of Japanese tourists decreased. So it looks clear the comparison of the
number of Australia and Japan tourists in 2010-2013. The following is a
comparison of data.
Table 3.3 The Comparison of Australian and Japanese Tourists to
Bali island in 2010-2013
30
2010 2011 2012 20130
50
100
150
200
250246.465
183.284 191.836208.115
The Number of Japanese Tourists in 2010-2013
Number of Japanese Tourists
2010 2011 2012 20130
50
100
150
200
250
300246.465
183.284 191.836208.115
The Number of Japanese Tourists in 2010-2013
Number of Japanese Tourists
Number Years Number of Australian Tourists
Number of Japanese Tourists
1 2010 647.872 246.465
2 2011 790.965 183.284
3 2012 823.821 191.836
4 2013 826.385 208.115
3.3.1 Presentation of Data
a. Bar Chart
Picture 3.3.1 The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists
Number to Bali Island in 2010-2013 in Bar Chart.
b. Line Diagram
31
2010 2011 2012 20130
100200300400500600700800900
647.872
790.965 823.821 826.385
246.465183.284 191.836 208.115
The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to Bali Island in 2010-2013
Number of Australian Tourists Number of Japanese Tourists
Picture 3.3.2 The Comparsion of Australian and Japanese Tourists
Number to Bali Island in 2010-2013 in Line Diagram.
3.4 The Development of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 was influenced by the growth in the
number of tourist arrivals in a positive way. The increase in the value growth of the
number of tourist arrivals is including Australian and Japanese. This means it
created a rising rate of the number of hotel occupancy, both star and non-star hotels,
as well as the increase number of tourists visiting the place of tourism objects, both
natural attractions, historical tourism and cultural tourism in Bali . It also increased
the number of hotels and restaurants that would have an impact on the increase in
local tax revenues and levies that could ultimately increase Bali Local Revenue
itself.
32
2010 2011 2012 20130
100200300400500600700800900
647.872
790.965 823.821 826.385
246.465183.284 191.836 208.115
The Compars ion of Austral ian and Ja-panese Tourist Number to Bali Is land
in 2010-2013
Number of Australian Tourists Number of Japanese Tourists
Table 3.4 The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
So, from the data above we can conclude that in 2010-2013 the state of Bali
Local Revenue relatively increased. This is affected because of the increasing
number of foreign tourists, including Australian and Japanese Tourists who visited
Bali Island in 2010-2013.
3.4.1 Presentation of Data
a. Bar Chart
33
Number YearsBali Local Revenue
(Rupiah)
1 2010 196.185.384
2 2011 215.866.366
3 2012 236.455.421
4 2013 257.971.060
Picture 3.4.1 The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 in Bar
Chart.
b. Line Diagram
Picture 3.4.2 The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 in Line
Diagram.
34
2010 2011 2012 20130
50000000
100000000
150000000
200000000
250000000
300000000
196185384215866366
236455421257971060
The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Number of Bali Local Revenue (Rupiah)
2010 2011 2012 20130
50000000
100000000
150000000
200000000
250000000
300000000
196185384215866366
236455421257971060
The Number of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Bali Local Revenue (Rupiah)
3.5 The Influence of Australian and Japanese Tourists Number to
Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Bali Local Revenue was affected by the number of domestic tourists or
foreign tourists who visited the island itself. In this case, the scope of foreign tourists
include Australian and Japanese tourists who visited the island in 2010-2013. In this
case the data needed to determine the relationship between the number of Australian
and Japanese tourists with Regional Income of Bali in 2010-2013 to determine the
quantitative result. The table below shows a clear correlation of Australian tourist
number to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013.
Table 3.5 The Number of Australian Tourist to Bali Local Revenue in
2010-2013
Years Number of Asustralian Tourists
Bali Local Revenue
(Rupiah)
2010 647.872 196.185.384
2011 790.965 215.866.366
2012 823.821 236.455.421
2013 826.385 257.971.060
35
2010 2011
2012
2013
P
i
c
t
u
r
e
3.5 The Number of Australian Tourists to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-
2013 in Line Diagram.
With the most visitors in the category of foreign tourists who visited Bali
island, the number of Australian tourists can affect the Revenue in the island of Bali.
We can see the proof from graph of the number of Australian tourists to Bali Local
Revenue in 2010-2013.
3.5.2 Data Processing
To determine the correlation or relationship with a number of Australian
tourists to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013, the following is data on the number of
Australian tourist to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013.
36
600 650 700 750 800 850150
170
190
210
230
250
270
The Number of Australian Tourists to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Number of Australian Tourist (Thousand)
Bali
Loca
l Rev
enue
(M
illio
n Ru
piah
)
37
nΣxy – (Σx) (Σy)
√{nΣx² – (Σx)²} {nΣy2 – (Σy)2}
(4)(705,826,113,087,779) – (3.089.043)(906.478.231)
√{(4)( 2,406,956,967,875) – (3.089.043)²} {(4)
(207.547.226.783.084.000) – (906.478.231)2}
23,154,218,228,183
26,958,523,014,911
0.858883041
r² = 0.737680078134467 = the coefficient of determination is 73%
If r = 0.858883041 means very strong correlation, with a coefficient of
determination or the percentage reaches 73%. So the number of Australian tourist is
very influential on Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013, the percentage reached 73%.
38
r =
r =
r =
r =
When compared with the number of Australian Tourists, the number of
Japanese tourists is smaller than Australian tourist. The following is data on the
number of Japanese tourists to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013.
Table 3.5.2 The Number of Japanese tourists on Bali Revenue in 2010-
2013
Picture 3.5.2 The Number of Japanese Tourists to Bali Local Revenue in
2010-2013 in Line Diagram.
39
20132012
2011
2010
Years Number of Japanese Tourists
Bali Local Revenue
(Rupiah)
2010 246.465 196.185.384
2011 183.284 215.866.366
2012 191.836 236.455.421
2013 208.115 257.971.060
In the data graph above the number of Japanese tourists had decreased in
2011, but the amount of revenue of the island remained elevated. So it can be said
that the number of Japanese tourists had weak effect on the Bali Local Revenue in
2010-2013.
3.5.3 Data Processing
To determine the correlation number of Japanese tourists to Bali Local
Revenue in 2010-2013, the following is the data on the number of Japanese tourists
to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013.
40
41
nΣxy – (Σx) (Σy)
√{nΣx² – (Σx)²} {nΣy2 – (Σy)2}
(4) (186.965.990.988.360) – (829.700) (906.478.231)
√{(4)(174.450.925.002) – (829.700)²} {(4)
(207.547.226.783.084.000) – (906.478.231)2}
- 4,241,024,307,260
8,932,145,709,095
- 0.474804649
r² = 0.225439454609558 = the coefficient of determination is 22% .
If r = -0.474804649 means a medium correlation, with a coefficient of
determination or the percentage reaches 22% So the number of Japanese tourists has
a medium effect on Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013, the percentage reached 22%.
42
20102011
2012
2013
r =
r =
r =
r =
CHAPTER IV
CLOSING
4.1 Conclusions
1. Based on the analysis the author concluded that the development of the of
Australian tourists number visited Bali in 2010-2013 was relative to rise
because of the higher tourist attraction of Bali island’s beauty.
2. The number of Japanese tourists who visited the island in 2010-2013 had
ever decreased in 2011 because there were several factors that influenced it,
three of them due to the closure of direct flights Japan Airlines (JAL) Narita-
Ngurah Rai on October 1, 2010, then the murder case of two Japanese
tourists in 2009 and the disaster on March 11, 2011. However, in subsequent
years the number of Japanese tourists increased back because Garuda began
to fly to Haneda airport in Tokyo along then with the end of the case of the
murder two Japanese tourists and the disaster on March 11, 2011.
3. The state of Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013 relative increased. This was of
them influenced by the increasing number of foreign tourists, including
Australian and Japanese Tourists who visited the island in 2010-2011.
4. The number of Australian tourists increased influence on Bali Local Revenue
in 2010-2013, with its the percentage reached 73%. While the number of
Japanese tourists which declined gave medium effect on Bali local revenue
in 2010-2013, ie the percentage reached 22%.
43
4.1 Suggestions
1. The author recommends tourists foreign tourists including Australia and
Japan to have a greater enthusiasm to visit the island with its tourist objects
in order Bali Local Revenue rised even more.
2. Bali Island has beautiful natures, wich thick culture, and the attractions
which are unique and charming, it is good if it’s preserved as well as possible
as one of the main evidence of our love to the nature of Indonesia.
44
BIBLIOGRAPHY
August,12, 2015
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics
http://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/museumnasional/2014/06/20/eksotika-pulau-
bali-dikenal-dunia-sejak-abad-ke-16/
http://madebayu.blogspot.com
http://www.kamusbesar.com/59544/wisatawan-asing
August,17, 2015
https://teorionline.wordpress.com/category/tutorial-statistik/product-moment-
pearson/
ix
170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260180190200210220230240250260270280
The Number of Japanese Tourist to Bali Local Revenue in 2010-2013
Number of Japanese Tourist (Thousand)
Bali
Loca
l Rev
enue
(Mill
ion
Rupi
ah)
http://dfat.gov.au/about-us/publications/people-to-people/geografi-australia/
pengantar/index.html#
http://sejarahanda.blogspot.com
http://nanangbudianas.blogspot.com/2013/02/sumber-sumber-pendapatan-asli-
daerah.html
http://windartyther.blogspot.com/2012/07/pengertian-tujuan-dan-fungsi-
statistik.html
http://statisticscentre.blogspot.com/2014/02/teknik-penyajian-data.html
August,20, 2015
http://balitour.net/id/view/bali-rumah-kedua-warga-australia/
http://www.yukpegi.com/menarik/lainnya/turis-turis-yang-paling-sering-
berkunjung-ke-indonesia/
http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=106357&val=1351#
https://chabyeofmath.wordpress.com/sejarah-statistik/
http://teknikelektronika.com/pengertian-analisis-korelasi-sederhana-rumus-
pearson/#
August, 25, 2015
http://www.halojepang.com/politikkerjasama/4910-wisatawan-jepang-ke-bali
http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=106357&val=1351
x
September,2, 2015
http://niningdwikristiyani.blogspot.com/2010_05_01_archive.html
http://www.newsletter-pariwisataindonesia.com/index.php?
option=com_weblinks&view=category&id=40&Itemid=94&limitstart=20
xi
BIOGRAPHY
The author’s name is Syifa
Sahaliya, but commonly called
Syifa. She was born in Sumedang,
October 23th 1997. Nowadays,
she lives at Rancamulya,
Sumedang. She is the last
daughter of Mr. Darsim and Mrs.
Aam. She has a sister named
Rully, and two brothers named
Rubby and Acep.
The author has finished her
education at Al-Hidayah 1 Sumedang Kindergarten, Sukaraja 1
Sumedang Elementary School, and Integrated Junior High School
of Ar-Risalah Ciamis. Now, she is studying at Sumedang 1 Senior
High School (XII Science 9).
She likes playing basketball, writing, doing research,
photography, and designing house. She wishes in 2016 she can
continue her study at university, especially at medical faculty in
Veteran University and can be a professional doctor in the future.
xii
Find her on facebook (Syifa Sahaliya), twitter (@Bart_sifa),
instagram (Bart_sifa), ask.fm (@Syifafaqot), email
([email protected]), or others social media (BBM, Line).
xiii
ATTACHMENT
xiv