1

Introduction to Training

2

Objectives

This training is designed to adequately

equip you for the challenges ahead as a

trainer

3

Instructor Basics

Think of the best instructors you

have flown with?

4

Instructor Basics

Think of the worst instructors you have flown with?

5

Instructor Basics

What sort of instructor would you

like to be?

6

Why Did You Want To Become An Instructor?

Instructor Basics

7

Instructor Basics

8

The Appropriate Attitude?You are disappointed with pre

flight briefings. It is just as

easy to discuss in the air.

You strictly follow the

syllabus, regardless of student

progress?

You are very good at telling

your students what went

wrong. You see everything?

Your way is the only

way. You are never

wrong?

If your trainee comes unprepared

and doesn’t know his stuff that’s his

problem, not yours.

9

The Role Of The Trainer

10

The Role Of The Examiner

The Examiner’s basic function is to ensure

that before a candidate is cleared to

operate, his performance is of a standard

required by the Examiner’s company and the

CAA.

11

Trainer vs. Examiner

• Trainer’s function is to provide a trainee with the technical knowledge and training to meet the standards required by the company and the CAA.

• Examiner’s role is to ensure that the trainee can carry out the manoeuvres and drills required ‘satisfactorily and unassisted’.

What is the difference between a Trainer and an Examiner?

12

• Adults need to know why

Purpose for Learning

• They resent and resist situations in which they feel others are imposing their wills upon them

Concept of being Responsible

• Greater quantity and quality of experience

• Group discussion and simulation exercises

Emphasis on Techniques that use Experience

• Adults are ready to learn when they see a need for learning

Need for Learning

What Is The Learning Process?

13

• More efficient learning when the context is orientated to assist dealing with tasks or problems

Learning in Context

• Adults are effected by external motivation

• Internal motivation through job satisfaction / self esteem

Motivation• Facilitated when the

student participates

Participation

• Adults learn substantially more by participating actively rather than passively

Participating Actively

What Is The Learning Process?

14

What Is The Learning Process?

Active participation

by the learner

Purpose of the content

Effective teaching / learning process

15

Needs Of The Trainee

“I never teach my pupils, I only attempt to provide conditions in which they can learn ”

Albert Einstein

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Needs Of The Trainer

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Needs of Our Customers

Safety & Comfort

OTP

Cheapest Price

18

What Are The Obstacles To

Effective Training?

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What Are The Obstacles To Effective Training?

Cadets

Helicopter Pilots

Turbo Prop Pilots

Military Pilots

Command

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Training In An Aircraft

• Safety issues

•Weather

•Airfield / ATC

• RT

•MEL / CDL

•Normal daily management PLUS Training

21

Line Training – How to Instruct

Teaching / Briefing

Listening Skills

Intervention

22

Instructor Responsibilities

23

The Training Cycle

Agree ChangesHigh Knowledge -

Facilitate

Low Knowledge

- Instruct

High Skill - Practice

Low Skill - Demonstrate

Knowledge-Skill-Attitude Graph

Attitude

24

Threat and Error

Management – The Concept

“Defensive flying for pilots”

25

Threat Definition

Occurs outside the influence of the crew Increases the operational complexity Requires crew attention if safety margins are to be maintained

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Can be divided into two categories:

Threats

Environmental Flight Operational

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Environmental Threats

Airport

ATC

Adverse Weather

Environmental

28

Operational Threats

Cabin

Operational Pressure

Aircraft Dispatch

Ramp

Manuals / Charts

29

Error Definition

Flight crew actions or inactions that: Lead to a deviation from crew intentions or expectations Reduce safety margins Increase the probability of adverse operational events

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Errors

Flight crew errors can be divided into three types:

Procedural

CommunicationAircraft Handling

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Aircraft Handling Errors

Manual Flying

Flight Control

Automation Systems

32

Procedural Errors

Briefings

Checklist

Callouts Documentation

PF/PNF

33

Communication Errors

Cross Verification

External

Inter Crew