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Stages of the Development of Human Resource Management in the Philippines
High
Low
Level of
Develo
pm
en
t
Pre-SpanishOccupation
Spanish Occupation 1521-1898
American Occupation 1891-1941
Japanese Occupation 1941-1946
Post-War Period 1946-1971
Martial Law Period 1971-1985
Post Martial Law Period 1985 - date
P E R I O D S
Source: HRM: Principles and Practices
Pre-Spanish Occupation
Barter System
No management & labor groups
No personnel management
Spanish Occupation Commerce: Manila & Spain
Loose business organizations
No management-labor relations
Civil Code of 1889
Rise of Reformist
Unpaid forced labor
Freedom from harsh & cruel employment conditions
Minimal education
American Occupation Not forced and not as harsh as those in the
previous foreign regime
Far from being fair &just labor conditions
Unionism introduced
More schools and increased level of literacy
Japanese Occupation Suspension of the normal education system
Decimate big trade, business, and industry activities
Annihilated the management –labor relations that existed before
Temporarily smothered union movement and labor management and personnel management
Post War Period
1. The increasing complexity of business operations
2. In the 1950’s acceptance and recognition in private business and industry
3. The number of government regulations and labor laws promulgated in recent years
4. The growth of labor unions5. The influx of new concepts in management
Post War Period
Personnel Department was formally organized
Personnel Management Association of the Phils.
Good education
Enlightenment among the masses
Martial Law Period A parliamentary form of government Less proliferation of local unions Government ban on strikes Ministry of Labor and Employment Schools offering courses continued Human Resource Management
Work setting and academe through literature, returning scholars, grantees, academe and practitioners from abroad
Post Martial Law Period
Management Labor problems Rebellions Attempts to abolish constitutional authority Indebtedness with international financial
intermediaries Implementation of a land reform program Graft and corruption & foreign military bases
Right to self-organize
Post Martial Law Period
Positive signals to unfreeze the previous and present status:
Reinstitution of democracy Exercise of freedom Mechanisms of wider consultation Participative working process 1987 Accord in Industrial Harmony President’s personal role modeling
SUMMARYSUMMARY
““HHuman beings are the most uman beings are the most
importantimportant, , potentpotent, and , and criticalcritical, , resource of any organization, and yet the resource of any organization, and yet the least understood and the worst managed least understood and the worst managed of its resources. of its resources. ””
