-BY LOVELY SINGH-BY LOVELY SINGHBATCH:- SY“C”BATCH:- SY“C”ROLL NO.:- 71ROLL NO.:- 71

PADMASHREE Dr D Y Patil PADMASHREE Dr D Y Patil University DHTS , Nerul Navi-University DHTS , Nerul Navi-

MumbaiMumbai

The ‘Laundry’ can be defined as a place where the washing & finishing

of clothes are carried out.

TYPES OF LAUNDRY

These are also known as off site laundry or contracted laundries.

These cater to hotel on a contract basis.Usually the soiled linen are laundered &

delivered back to the hotel within 24-48 hours.

COMMERCIAL LAUNDRIES

These are also known as on-site laundry or in-house laundry.

It is the hotel’s own laundry situated on its premises.

It may be run by the management or managed on a contract.

Services are faster (maximum of 8 hours), hence the stocks are reduced.

There is better control, better supervisor, and hence a long life for linen.

ON-PREMISES LAUNDARIES (OPL)

LocationSizeVentilationEquipment selectionLabourOther cost

PLANNING AN OPL

Chemical room

Steam iron

sink

Dry cleaning machine

Laundry manager

room

Soiled linen area

WM 1 WM 2 D 1 D 2

Wor-

king

table

Shelves

Flat bed iron

Calendari

ng machine

LAYOUT OF AN OPL

Washing machineWasher-cum-extracting machineDry cleaning tumbler/ drying machineFlat bed pressureSteam ironCalendaring machine linen trolleysWorking tableHampers

LAUNDRY EQUIPMENTS

LAUNDRY PROCESS

1.PRE-WASHING1. The soiled linen are collected from all the departments

of the Hotel like F&B, Kitchen, Banquets, etc.2. The soiled linen are then transported to the laundry in

two ways, first is, the soiled linen are put in the trolley and are then taken to the laundry via elevators and the second way is that the soiled linen are dumped into the linen chute which is directly connected to the laundry.

3. The soiled linen are then sorted on three basis i.e. by the type of fabric, color of the fabric, and degree of soiling.

4. After sorting the soiled linen, the linen are weighed according to the washing machine capacity and are put into the washing machine for wash cycle.

2.WASHINGThe washing depends on 4 things which varies

as per the fabric:-

Fabric temperature

Water level

Time

Less soiled Low Less lessMore soiled

high more More

This is done by using hot and cold water, which are usually recovered 7 recycled from earlier steps during the last rinse in order to

save water.

Hydro means water & extraction to remove. Extraction removes at least 80% of the water from the linen used in the rinsing process. It

also reduces the drying time.

5.FINISHING5.FINISHING

WASH CYCLE

In this process, the washing machine automatically sucks the high level of water

in which the soiled linen are added at medium temperature to reduce the soil load

for the upcoming suds flushes.

In this stage, the high alkaline product is added, which may be followed by

additional flushes. The break cycle is usually carried out at a medium

temperature and low water level.

This is the actual wash cycle in which acid part of the hoppers is sucked by

the machine. It takes place in hot water at low water level.

This rinse cycle removes soils and alkaline to help the bleach work more

effectively later. In this process 50-60% water is removed from the linen.

In this stage, the washing machine sucks the bleach automatically from the hoppers in the hot water at a low water

level. Bleach kills bacteria, whitens fabrics and removes stains.

The washing machine sucks the high level of water and remove detergent and

soils from the linen.

This high speed spin removes left over detergent and soil from the linen, usually

after the first rinse step. It removes 70% of water from the linen. The washing machine

spins at 200 RPM.

Softener and sours are added to condition fabric. This cycle is run at a medium temperature and at low water

level. Starches are added to stiffen cotton fabrics. Sizing may also replace

the sour/softener step.

A high speed spin removes most of the moisture from the linen. The length of the spin depends on the fabric type,

extractor capacity, and extractor spend. Around 95% of water is

removed in this stage.

WASH CYCLE TABLESr.No.

Stage Water

Level

Temperature

Time

1 flush High Medium 1½-3 min 2 Breaks Low Medium 4-5 min3 Suds Low High 3-8 min4 Intermediate-Rinse Less Less 1-2 min5 Bleach Less High 5-7 min6 Rinse High Medium 2-8 min7 Intermediate-

ExtractionLess Medium 5 min

8 Softener/Sizing Less Medium 2-8 min9 Final Extraction - - 8 min

DRY CLEANINGThis is the cleaning of fabrics in substantially non-

aqueous liquid medium.Dry cleaning removes oils as well as many water

soluble & some insoluble materials with the help of detergents & various other agents.

It is done by using dry powder, liquid such as petrol, benzene, & so on.

Unlike laundry, dry cleaning does not cause swelling of the fibers, & so does not lead to shrinkage , wrinkle, & bleeding of color of the fabric and thus it is a safe method for cleaning delicate textiles.

It was earlier known as ‘French Cleaning’ or ‘Chemical Cleaning’.

ADVANTAGES OF DRY CLEANING

Dry cleaning cleans clothes for which laundering is not suitable.

It causes no shrinkage to the fabric.It does not flatten the pile of fabrics such as

velvet.Finishes such as moireing are retained even

after dry-cleaning.Colors do not bleed on dry-cleaning.Stains are more readily removed by dry-

cleaning.

DISADVANTAGES OF DRY-DISADVANTAGES OF DRY-CLEANINGCLEANING

Dry-cleaning is expansive as compare to the laundering.

Many dry-cleaning solvents are harmful to health if inhaled for long duration.

After cleaning with solvents, a certain unpleasant smell tends to be retained by the articles.

PROCESS OF DRY-CLEANINGPROCESS OF DRY-CLEANING

When soiled linen garments are delivered for dry-cleaning, they are first sent to the

marking areas. Here, a piece of white fabric with a number or some other code stamped on it with indelible marking ink is securely attached to the garments. Every article is

marked individually to facilitate identification.

The garments then pass on to the sorting areas.it is done on the basis of soil

level,colour and in this case the fabric/cloth pouches are checked for the valuables of the

guests.

Absorbents are applied to remove grease spots from all kind of materials like french

chalk,bran or flour etc/

Heavily soiled areas of the garments are treated with solvents. Volatile dry solvents such as amyl acetate to remove oil-borne

stains, while non-volatile solvents are used on paint and varnish stains.

A load of approximately 45kg is transferred to the dry-cleaning cylinder. Very delicate cloths are placed in a net bags first. An appropriate

solvent is circulated through the clothes.

Excess solvent is removed from the garments by centrafugal action in a revolving

perforated cylinder contained in a tumbler.

After extraction, the garments are dried in a dryer that has a perforated drum enclosed in

a tumbler.The temperature for the same should not exceed 70 degree as otherwise it

may catch fire.

Solvents are expensive and therefore filtered out, distilled, and reused, they are not allowed

to evaporate after use. But used in recycled manner

Dried garments are inspected to check that they are perfectly clean. If necessary, they are

spot-cleaned a second time.

In this process, the garments are restored as nearly as possible to its original size, shape,

feel, and appearance.

Buttons and buckles that had been removed are stitched back on. Finally the garments are packed in a paper or suspended from clothes hangers covered with polythene bags. They

are now ready for delivery

DRY-CLEANING MATERIALSDRY-CLEANING MATERIALS

1. Dry-cleaning detergents2. Absorbents3. Solvents4. Petroleum solvents/Stoddard solvent5. Halogenated hydrocarbons

A stain is a spot or localized discolouration left on fabric by

reaction of a foreign substance or absorption or adsorption of any

unwanted colour,liquid etc

Stain removal or spot cleaning is a skill that demands special attraction, special

techniques, and long experience.

TYPES OF STAINSAnimal stainsVegetable stainsGreaseMineral stainsMetalloid stainsAcidic stainsBasic/alkaline stainsNatural dyes & pigmentsSynthetic dyes &pigmentsSugar solution with colouring mattermiscellaneous

RECOGNISATION OF STAINS

PROCEDURE FOR STAIN REMOVALSoak in cold waterSoak in warm waterAllow it to get open air bleach.Apply cold alkaline solution.Apply hot alkaline solutionApply cold acidic solution.Apply an oxidizing bleach.Treat with reducing bleach.Repeat the procedure if stain is still there.Soak it in the glycerin for ½ an hour.

VALET SERVICE

It is the service given by housekeeping to guests in which the guest clothes are taken

and returned back from the room. It is chargeable service.

Guest

Valet/GRA

Marking/tagging

Laundry list

Examining & sorting Tailor

Wet cleaning Dry-cleaning Pressing

Sorting according to room numbers

Pressing

Valet/GRA

GuestBill sent to front office