Best Practices!

New York City Safe Streets CampaignJanuary 29, 2010

Safe Routes to School

20 is plenty

Vision Zero

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Safe Routes toSchool

Safe Streets forSeniors

20 is plenty Vision Zero

Sources: Orenstein, Marla R., Gutierrez, Nicolas, Rice, Thomas M., Cooper, Jill F., & Ragland, David R.(2007). Safe Routes to School Safety and Mobility Analysis. UC Berkeley: Safe Transportation Research & Education Center. Grundy et al, British Medical Journal, BMJ 2009;339:b4469 doi:10.1136/bmj.b4469; Swedish Road Authority. Safe Streets for Senior pedestrian fatality data is too early to tell.

Possible minimum pedestrian fatality reduction by policy type

Mother’s Against Drunk Driving(M.A.D.D.)

• Founded in 1980• Since, alcohol-related traffic deaths in the U.S. have decreased 50%

• The basis for the MADD model is fourfold:»» High visibility police enforcement»» Stiffer punishments for repeat offenders»» Technology development»» Public education and support

• MADD has significantly reduced the number of drunk driving crashes that occur on roads nationwide, while at the same time creating a stigma and previously non-existent social taboo around the idea of drunk driving.

SwedenVision Zero policy

BACKGROUND• In 1997, the Swedish National Parliament adopted a “Vision Zero”

policy with the goal of reducing traffic-related deaths to zero by 2020

• “Vision Zero” applies to all traffic projects and policies in Sweden

• It is based on a refusal to accept human death or lifelong suffering as a result of road traffic and aims for a future society in which no one would be killed or seriously injured in road traffic.

• In 2001, the European Union Parliament passeda resolution to halve the number of road deaths in member countries by 2010.

SwedenVision Zero policy

PRINCIPLES OF SWEDEN’S VISION ZERO• Ethics: human life and health are paramount and take priority over mobility

and other objectives of the road traffic system;

• Responsibility: providers and regulators of the road traffic system share responsibility with users;

• Safety: road traffic systems should take account of human fallibility and minimize both the opportunities for errors and the harm done when they occur; and

• Mechanisms for change: providers andregulators must do their utmost to guaranteethe safety of all citizens; they must cooperatewith road users; and all three must be readyto change to achieve safety.

SwedenVision Zero policy

BritainRoad Peace charity

• Established in 1992• National organization that represents and supports road crash victims and draws attention to their

rights• Mission: "Our aim is to support and empower road traffic victims, to monitor the quality of the

services they receive, and to stop future generations from becoming victims".

Aims• Offer high quality advice, information and emotional support services to people in the UK who

have been injured in road crashes and to the families whose loved ones have been killed or injured in road crashes

• Act as a monitor for road victims' rights and the quality of service entitlements; act as an advocate for road victims' concerns and needs and lobby for minimum national standards of collision investigation and provision of medical treatment

• Campaign for an evidence based approach to road danger reduction, rather than the current body count approach

• Ensure that the road traffic victims' perspective is taken into account and inform the public, the communications media and all relevant policy makers about the true extent of road danger and its impact on the lives of those seriously injured, affected by fatality and on society

• Offer guidance and assistance to individuals and organisations working to reduce road danger and the suffering of road traffic victims elsewhere, especially low-income countries

• Crash not Accident.• Common myths in 'road safety'

The truth regarding the misconceptions of road safety: victim blaming, risk compensation and seat belts.

• Casualty statistics and under-reporting

• Speed• Cost to society• Reversing the burden of proof in

collisions involving vulnerable road users is one of Road Peace's key campaigns.

BritainRoad Peace charity

•Promoting cycling and walking•Government road safety strategies•Car crime and Home Office statistics•Child road safety•Drink driving•Safety cameras•Driver education•Road design

Campaigning for road danger reduction

Transportation AlternativesCrashStat

• Google Map of NYC

• Bicyclist injuries

• Pedestrian injuries

• Bicyclist fatalities

• Pedestrian fatalities

• 1995 – 2005 data

• Borough and Community District summaries

• Schools

• Parks

City of Palo Alto, CAPolice Online Reporting: Traffic Complaint Form

City of New YorkMulti-Agency Bicycle Fatality and Serious Injury Report

• Analysis of 1996-2005 dataAnalysis of 1996-2005 data• Released September 2006 with a City Released September 2006 with a City commitment to:commitment to:Add 200-miles of on-street bike lanes Add 200-miles of on-street bike lanes by 2009by 2009Launch bike safety public awareness Launch bike safety public awareness campaign (LOOK)campaign (LOOK)Distribute free bicycle helmets to the publicDistribute free bicycle helmets to the public Add 40-miles of off-street greenway paths Add 40-miles of off-street greenway paths by 2010by 2010 Improve crash recordingImprove crash recording

New York City Bicycle Safety CoalitionLOOK ad campaign

Most bicyclist serious injuries and deaths occur at or near intersections

Transport for LondonTHINK! ad campaign

Think! It’s 30 for a reason - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qm8yyl9ROEM

Think! Crash - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTS2i6U4Hmk&NR=1

Think! Kill Your Speed or live with it - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7fhzDUOsxI

New York City Taxi & Limousine CommissionElectronic Device Ban

• Enacted January 29, 2010• Rules

– Hands-free and hand-held phones prohibited for use while driving

– ALL distractive portable or hands-free electronics (iPods, portable game systems, etc.) capable of voice and/or text communications prohibited for use while driving

– Wearing a Bluetooth is prohibited

• Penalties: 3 strikes and you’re out– 1st violation = $200 fine, 3 penalty points & course– 2nd violation = $200 fine, 3 penalty points & course & 30-day

suspension– 3rd violation = $200 fine, 4 penalty points & revocation

OregonLaws to Protect Vulnerable Road Users

The Vulnerable User of a Public Way Act

• Enacted on January 1, 2008• What it does and why it matters:

– For the first time, officially codifies the idea that certain users of the roadway—pedestrians, cyclists, a farmer riding a tractor on the road, a skateboarder, etc.—deserve extra protections because they are at extra risk of injury or death if they are hit by a motor vehicle (they are “Vulnerable Roadway Users”)

– Drivers who fail to drive carefully and injure or kill a vulnerable roadway user face a series of civil penalties including

• Completion of a traffic safety course• Performance of 100-200 hours of community service and• Mandatory appearance in court.• Plus, there is a $12,500 fine and license suspension,

but the fine and suspension are waived if the safetycourse, community service and court appearance arecompleted

GermanySchool Zone Traffic Court

• In Hamburg, Germany, when drivers are caught exceeding the 30 mph speed limit in school zones, they have some explaining to do to local schoolchildren:

• Drivers caught exceeding the speed limit must submit to immediate questioning by the children who attend the nearby school.

• The drivers are asked to explain why they were speeding, and if they think, at the excessivespeed they were driving, they could stop in time to avoid hitting a child in the road.

City of New YorkRed Light Camera Enforcement

• The State authorized the program in NYC in 1994• In 1994 - 18 cameras, 1998 - 30 cameras,

2002 - 50 cameras, 2006 - 100 cameras, 2009 – 125 cameras• NYC has 12,300 signalized intersections!

NOLS PER CAMERA DAY

19.20 19.7021.30

16.08

20.41

16.8217.81

21.4022.3018.90

30.80

18.10 18.59

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Speed Enforcement CamerasPedestrian injury severity vs. vehicle impact speed

Non-injuries

Injury

Fatality

Speed Enforcement Cameras

London• According to the British Medical Journal, the number of

deaths in a test corridor in London were reduced threefold, from 68 to 20, and the number of serious injuries fell by over a quarter, from 813 to 596 after speed cameras were installed.

Portland, OR• On one street in Portland, 88% of vehicles traveled in excess

of 11 mph or greater over the speed limit. After eight deployments of speed cameras, only 12% of vehicles were traveling 11 mph or greater over the limit.

Speed Enforcement Cameras

Washington, DC

Percent of vehicles traveling over 10mph above the speed limit

British Medical Journal:20mph zones in London

• Based on 2000-2006 estimates, 20 mph zones prevented 203 casualties each year, of whom 27 would be killed and seriously injured and 51 would be pedestrians.

• If 20 mph zones were extended to all other minor and residential road segments in London, there would be potential for a further reduction of 692 casualties, including 100 killed or seriously injured and 114 pedestrians each year.

• “This study provides detailed evidence to suggest that 20 mph zones are effective in reducing the risks of casualties in a major metropolitan area, especially with regard to serious injury and death, and that the benefits are greatest among younger children… this evidence supports the rationale for 20 mph zones not just in major cities in Britain but also in similar metropolitan areas elsewhere.”

???

1. Police give the Sheriff’s office a list of the 100 worst suspended license offenders who own cars

• Secret enforcement sites are set up• In 13 months:

»» 2,379 arrest for unlicensed driving»» 8,379 summonses to people for driving without a license

2. Every police precinct gets a list of all drivers with 100 or more license suspensions

• Each day, the department deploys 4 units who look for offenders, staking out their homes»» 11 drivers arrested, each with at least 20 suspensions

???

New York City, 1994

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New York City 2010:It’s up to us!