Nocturnal Plants

By:Nyia Hill

PurposeThe demonstrate that plants need sunlight in order to survive .

Problem Plants go thru a process called photosynthesis. This is poces wich usaes Nitrogen ,78 which provides nutrients for them to grow.In this experiment I will be trying to determine If plants can grow w/o sun .

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AbstractAlthough many organisms show daily rhythms in their activity patterns, the mechanistic causes of these patterns are poorly understood. Here we show that host plant volatiles affect the nocturnal behavior of the caterpillar Mythimna separata. Irrespective of light status, the caterpillars behaved as if they were in the dark when exposed to volatiles emitted from host plants (either uninfested or infested by conspecific larvae) in the dark. Likewise, irrespective of light status, the caterpillars behaved as if they were in the light when exposed to volatiles emitted from plants in the light. Caterpillars apparently utilize plant volatile information to sense their environment and modulate their daily activity patterns, thereby potentially avoiding the threat of parasitism.

Applications &Research Evening primrose and buddleia, honeysuckle and jasmine: The nocturnal flowers whose scent grows headier as the sun goes down are numerous and fairly well-known. The tendency among some species to bloom at night is a response to the hardships of hot days. Both the plants and their pollinators prefer to be active in the cool of the night, so this is when they put on a show.

TypesAlmost all of the night-blooming species are to be found in warmer climates, where a drop in temperature overnight is a relief to both plants and animals. But the form of the plants varies widely. Night-blooming cereus (Cereus greggii) are spindly cactus, while moon flowers (Ipomoea alba) are annual vines that produce blooms the size of dinner plates. Ylang-ylang trees (Cananga odorata) produce blooms with such a divine fragrance that it is used in the Chanel No. 5 perfume. Epiphyllums (Epiphyllum spp.) grow like orchids or ferns high in the branches of trees in South America.

HypothesisIf plants do not have sunlight , then they won’t grow.

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Growing Conditions

Although they bloom at night, nocturnal plants still need the proper growing conditions during the day. Many require full to partial sun in order to build up enough energy for ample, strong-smelling blooms. Plants that bloom at night take advantage of the relief from hot daytime temperatures. This is the reason that so many nocturnal bloomers require warm or hot temperatures to thrive: They have adapted to tolerate heat.

VariablesIndependent : expouse to sunlight

Dependent : growth

Control variables : Type of plant and fertilizer .

Materials 2 plastic cups

2 saucers

Soil

Water

Scissors

Procedure 1. Carefully poke some small holes into the bottom of cups. This will allow water to enter the cups.

2. Fill each cup with soil.3. Plant a seedling in each cup. Do this by making room in the center of the soil and dropping the seedling in it, and then cover with soil.4. Place each cup on a saucer and give them equal amounts of water. The amount of water you give the plants will vary with the size of your

cup, so be careful not to overwater them.5. Place one plant in a brightly light room where it can get plenty of natural sunlight, such as by a window sill.6. Place the other plant in a dark area, void of natural light. Good locations include closets, draws, and pantries where doors can be shut and

light kept out.7. Leave both plants undisturbed for 3 or more days.8. After several days have passed, observe your plants. What happened?

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AnalysisPlants use a process known as photosynthesis to absorb energy from the sun, along with carbon dioxide and water, to convert them into simple sugars. These sugars are used as fundamental building blocks for the health and growth of the plant, acting as their food source to keep them healthy and growing. There are several factors that can affect the growth of a plant. These include temperature, water, sunlight, and nutrients found in the soil. Living organisms (biotic factors) may also affect the plant growth. For example, plants that are planted within close proximity of one another must compete for food, sunlight, and water. The crowded conditions will result in malformed plants that do not meet their full growth potential. Another main factor in growth is the fertility of the soil. Hard soils, such as clays and hard earth, can drastically affect a plants chance of survival as their roots have difficulty forming and growing. Fungi, viruses, bacteria, and insects also play a part in plant growth.

ConclusionMake sure you keep the second plant in the dark location at all times. It's best to place it in a draw that seldom is opened. The key is to keep the plants undisturbed in their locations for the duration of the experiment.

ObservationWhat happened to your plants after the 3rd day? What do you think would have happened if you had both plants in the sunlight? How about both plants in the draw? Would it be possible to have the second plant grow in a healthy manner, even without any sunlight?

Result

Plants need natural sunlight to survive! The plant that received the natural sunlight is healthy, happy, and growing consistently. This is because sunlight helps the plants to produce food, allowing them to stay healthy. The plant that was placed in the dark room with no sunlight is limp and unhealthy, possibly even dead after only a few days. Without sunlight, the unhappy plant wasn't able to produce its food.

Time Frame

Nocturnal flowers tend to open in the late evening, then close up or drop once the sun rises. Most nocturnal plants bloom and open multiple times, but night-blooming cereus blooms only one day in June or July. It stays open all night, then the flower closes and later drops. The fragrance from nocturnal blooms tends to get stronger deeper into the night, to help pollinators find it by scent, since it's too dark for sight.