Definition, Purpose, Function

and Process

Strategic Planning

Source: Strategic Planning for Schools , Author: CSM by LTD

Source: Project Management: Learning from the chameleon (Mali)

PHYSIOLOGICAL

Hunger Thirst Sleep Etc.

SAFETY

Security Protection from danger.

SOCIALbelonging to groups

Social activities Love Friendship

SELF ESTEEM

Self Respect Status Recognition.

SELF-

REALISATIONGrowth Personal

Development Accomplishment

ARE YOUR

SMART - ER

Letter Major Term Minor Terms

SSpecific Significant, Stretching, Simple

MMeasurable Meaningful, Motivational, Manageable

AAchievable Agreed, Attainable, Assignable, Appropriate, Actionable,

Action-oriented

RRelevant Realistic, Results/Results-focused/Results-oriented, Resourced

Rewarding

TTime-bound Time framed, Timed, Time-based, Time-boxed, Timely, Time-

bound, Time-Specific, Timetabled, Trackable

Source: Strategic Planning “Methods and Tools”-HK – SDA

What are the different parts of your project?

Whith whom are you going to do it (colleagues,

partners, youngsters…)

What is your role in each of the activities?

Who do you need to help/support/assist you?

How flexible is your plan?

PROCESS

DESIGNING

COLLECTING INFORMATION

ASSESSMENT and CONCLUSION

IMPLEMENTING RESULTS (FOLLOW UP)

INTERPRETING

PREPARING

Methodologies

There are many approaches to strategic planning -your project\organization- but typically a

three-step process may be used:

• Situation- evaluate the current situation and how it came about.

• Target- define goals and/or objectives (sometimes called ideal state)

• Path- map a possible route to the goals/objectives

Source: Strategic Planning “Methods and Tools”-HK – SDA

Environmental InventoryThe S.W.O.T. Analysis

• Internal Environment– S – Strengths– W – Weaknesses

• External Environment– O – Opportunities– T – Threats

• Think in terms of– Competition and customers– Political influences and environments– Economic conditions– Social impacts– Technological advancements

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Definition of Risk

• A risk is a potential problem – it might happen and it might not

• Conceptual definition of risk– Risk concerns future happenings

– Risk involves change in mind, opinion, actions, places, etc.

– Risk involves choice and the uncertainty that choice entails

• Two characteristics of risk– Uncertainty – the risk may or may not happen, that is, there are no 100%

risks (those, instead, are called constraints)

– Loss – the risk becomes a reality and unwanted consequences or losses occur

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Steps for Risk Management

1) Identify possible risks; recognize what can go wrong

2) Analyze each risk to estimate the probability that it will occur and the impact (i.e., damage) that it will do if it does occur

3) Rank the risks by probability and impact- Impact may be negligible, marginal, critical, and catastrophic

4) Develop a contingency plan to manage those risks having high probability and high impact

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Seven Principles of Risk Management• Maintain a global perspective

– View software risks within the context of a system and the business problem that is is intended to solve

• Take a forward-looking view– Think about risks that may arise in the future; establish contingency plans

• Encourage open communication– Encourage all stakeholders and users to point out risks at any time

• Integrate risk management– Integrate the consideration of risk into the software process

• Emphasize a continuous process of risk management– Modify identified risks as more becomes known and add new risks as better insight is

achieved

• Develop a shared product vision– A shared vision by all stakeholders facilitates better risk identification and assessment

• Encourage teamwork when managing risk– Pool the skills and experience of all stakeholders when conducting risk management

activities

Features of Successful Strategic Management Planning

• Has support of organization’s executive officer.

• Is user friendly.

• Is participatory, not left to planners.

• Is flexible.

• Leads to resources decisions.

• Engages and motivates all staff.

• Is fresh and continuous, not static and stale.

Features (Continued)

• Is Proactive

• Not a Quick Fix

• Part of Quality Management

• Payoffs Increase over Time

• PEST

• SMART

• SWOT

Analysis

FACTORS AFFECTING EFFECTIVE STRATEGIC PLANNING

• Socio-Cultural

• Technological

• Economic

• Politico-Legal

If you're trying to achieve, there will be roadblocks. I've had them; everybody has had

them. But obstacles don't have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don't turn around and give up.

Figure out how to climb it, go through it, or work around it.

Michael Jordan