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CPWF Volta Science Workshop: Coordination and Learning from Adaptive Management and Change
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V5: Coordination and Change Project
Framing institutions and policies as processes
Jean‐Philippe Venot, IWMI
CPWF Volta Science WeekOuagadougou3‐5 July 2012
Objective and Approach
The focus is on HOW and WHY research and policies are framed rather than on WHAT they entail
3 main research questions:• Why do particular policy and intervention models related to
agricultural water management emerge, persist and change?
• Whose knowledge is included in the policy process and how?
• What are the politics of research and policy making in the agricultural water management sector in the Volta Basin?
Is CPWF doing something different and how?
Defining “boundaries”
Actors’ network
Roles/responsibilities
Characterize relationships
Ideology and Discourse
Diagnosis Characterization Analysis
Legitimacy/accountability
National priorities/strategies
Actor’s identification
Explicit Worldviews
Different steps
Research Trajectory
Where are we: topic of study
• SWC (V2)• Small reservoirs (V3)• IWRM (V4)
Defining “boundaries”
Diagnosis
Where are we: Discourses
Ideology and Discourse
Demography High population growthHigh poverty rate, especially in rural areasGrowing demand for food
Climate/Water Rainfall unreliability + extreme events (droughts/floods)Available but little developed water resources
Agricultural system Importance and low productivity of rainfed agricultural systemsVulnerability to limited water stressLow yield and technical potential for improvement
Environment Soil erosion and degradation/low soil fertilityResilience and adaptation
Socio‐economic context Economic importance of agricultural sectorSecuring land tenureEfficiency
Little change since the 1970sCPWF appropriate the same
Defining “boundaries”
Diagnosis Discourses are important because they contribute to establishing what is ‘true’ and what ‘should’ happen.
Where are we: priorities/strategies
Ideology and Discourse
Defining “boundaries”
Diagnosis
National priorities/strategies
• Infrastructure investment in drinking water and sanitation• Productive agricultural investments
• “Growth pole” (i.e. Bagre in Burkina Faso)• Large public irrigation systems• Modernization/export‐crops (pineapple, cocoa, etc.)
• Inter‐sectoral linkages in Burkina Faso (with the PNSR)
Early wins/best bets versus diffuse results
• Small scale agricultural water management• BF: On the public agenda but ‘constraints’ on individuals• GH: Not really on the agenda but less constraint on the individuals
Roles/responsibilities
Characterization
Actor’s identification
Different steps: IWRM Actors (BF)
Administration
Regional representative
‘District’ representative
BURKINA FASO
‘Users’ representative
Civil society
Traditional authorities
Research and education• What roles for these actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?• Which other actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
Consultative roleCentral role of the DGRE infacilitating the group
National
River b
asin
CLE
Planning roleCentral role of the NT infacilitating the group
Not active
Roles/responsibilities
Characterization
Actor’s identification
Different steps: IWRM Actors (GH)
Administration
Regional representative
‘District’ representative
GHANA
‘Users’ representative
Civil society
Traditional authorities
Research and education
National
River b
asin Planning role
Central role of the basin officer
Planning roleCentral role of administrationAbsence of MoFA
• What roles for these actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?• Which other actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
Woman representative
Roles/responsibilities
Characterization
Actor’s identification
Different steps: IWRM Actors (BF)
Legitimacy/accountability
• In Burkina Faso, strong involvement of private consultants (former civil servants) in policy framing (consultance)
• Multi‐level interactions follow sectoral hierarchical lines
• Lack of linkage between ‘water‐institutions’ and agricultural socio‐professional groups
• Challenges faced in terms of participation and representativity of users
How do people come into assuming responsabilities?
Why small reservoirs continue to exist
Discourse coalitionInterpretative community