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fundamentals of public relations
Ronald M. Quileste, School of Education, February 2016
nature of
?
Communication may be defined as a process
concerning exchange of facts or ideas between
persons holding different positions in an organization to achieve mutual harmony
?
ELEMENTS OF THE COMMUNICATION
Process
1
1 SENDER
2
2 IDEAS
3
ENCODING
3 ENCODING
3 ENCODING
4
COMMUNICATION
CHANNEL
4 COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
4 COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
5
RECEIVER
5 RECEIVER
5 RECEIVER
6
DECODING
6 DECODING
7
FEEDBACK
7 FEEDBACK
?
Your ability to communicate effectively increases
productivity , both yours and your organization
With good communication skills , you can anticipate problems , make
decisions , co-ordinate work flow , supervise others , develop
relationships and promote products and services
Communication acts as tool for the effective work related flow of
information
You can shape the impressions you and your company make on colleagues , employees ,supervisors , investors ,and customers in
addition to perceiving and responding to the needs of these without effective communication
, people misunderstand each other and misinterpret information
Ideas misfire or fail to gain attention and people and
companies flounder
Your organizations need for effective reach of company name and public promotions are based on effective
promotional material such as advertisements , bill boards , online add ,
posters etc. are all communicated for effective message delivery and meaning
Giving advice is based on individual-oriented and work-
oriented ,advice should not given to the person for pinpointing his
mistakes rather it should be helpful for his improvement
Effective advice promotes understanding and it can be a
two way process if the subordinate staff given
freedom
Order is an authoritative communication pattern and it
is directive to somebody always a subordinate to do
something
Orders will be written and oral orders , general and specific
orders ,procedural and operational orders , mandatory
and discretionary order
Order should be clear and complete ,execution
should be possible and given in a friendly way
Suggestion is supposed to be very mild and subtle form of communication
Suggestions are welcomed for it is not obligatory to accept them , it can be voluntary and
anonymous and submitted through suggestion boxes
Persuasion may be defined as an effort ‘ to influence the attitudes , feelings ,or beliefs of others , or
to influence actions based on those attitudes , feelings , or
beliefs
Education is a very conscious process of communication ,it involves both teaching and
learning by which organizations provide to their employees in the
form of training
Education is given for management , employees
and outside public
If the employees do not abide by the norms of the organization
warning is a power communication tool and it can be
general and specific
Specific warning should be administered in private and after
thorough investigation
The aim of the warning should be the
organization betterment
Morale stands for mental health and it is a sum of
several qualities like courage , resolution ,
confidence
High morale and effective performance
go hand to hand
Motivation is a process that account for an individual intensity, direction , and
persistence of effort towards attaining a goal
Communication’s main idea is to give and receive information because
managers need complete , accurate and precise information to plan and
organize employee need it to translate planning in to reality
Information will cover all aspects of
the business
Counseling is given to solve employees mental stress and improve the
employees productivity
Finally discipline is the foremost part of any
business communication
The various disciplinary codes are effectively communicated
to employees through disciplinary codes
?
Communication generally and mass communication in particular has a great deal
to serve a diversityof purposes human beings
have always wished to achieve
The strong effects of striving to achieve purposes of human
communication are visible and helped bring harmony
of living in a number of ways
EFFECTS OF COMMUNICATION
Discovery
The immediate effect of communication is to discover
something – from an individual to an idea to physical exploration –as a consequence of generating
a message
Relationship
Next to discovering, the most important effect of
communication is to create relationship with people
and things around
Helping Out Others
Hallmark of communication effects has been the human
effort to provide assistance to other fellow beings
At a lower scale as well, a piece of communication
works miracle to save lives of many
Stimulation
An advice from a teacher may effect into activating students to work more seriously, or conduct
research on a given topic
Relaxation
Among effects of communication one huge area is the relief which is effective when
an exchange of ideas or even receiving of messages is done in
common life
Social Growth
Growth of social values, physical structures and increase in the overall intellectual level of a society are result of the net
effect it receives from the every day communication
Time and Space
Effects of communication are not limit to present day
activities but as a matter of fact they go beyond the limits
of time and space
Most scientific inventions, like radio, are the result of a multiple pieces of communication made
by scientists over a period of 150 years
?
Common barriers
Categorization of barriers
Common Barriers to Effective Communication
1
The use of jargon
1 The use of jargon
Using over-complicated, unfamiliar and/or technical terms
2
Emotional barriers and taboos
2 Emotional barriers and taboos
Some people may find it difficult to express their emotions and
some topics may be completely 'off-limits' or taboo
3
Lack of attention, interest, distractions, or
irrelevance to the receiver
3 Lack of attention, interest, distractions, or irrelevance to the receiver
Ineffective listening lead to misunderstandings and a
breakdown in communication
4
Differences in perception and
viewpoint
4 Differences in perception and viewpoint
Differing perceptions, beliefs and attitudes of people often lead to miscommunication or
standoffs
5
Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or
speech difficulties
6
Physical barriers to non-verbal
communication
6 Physical barriers to non-verbal communication
Not being able to see the non-verbal cues, gestures, posture and general body language can
make communication less effective
7
Language differences and the difficulty in
understanding unfamiliar accents
8
Expectations and prejudices which may lead
to false assumptions or stereotyping
8Expectations and prejudices which may lead to false assumptions or stereotyping
People often hear what they expect to hear rather than what
is actually said and jump to incorrect conclusions
9
Cultural differences
9 Cultural differences
The norms of social interaction vary greatly in
different cultures, as do the way in which emotions are
expressed
Categories of communication barriers
SIX RULES OF EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
SIX RULES OF EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
’
Thank YouNamaste!!
REFERENCES
REFERENCES