Define tourism

Outline the important international and domestic tourism organizations

Describe the economic impact of tourism

Identify promoters of tourism

List reasons why people travel

Describe the sociocultural impact of tourism

Describe ecotourism

Year-round economic driver

Accounts for 10.2% of world GDP 7.8% of

global workforce

Employer of 200 million people or 7.8% of the

global workforce

Spending on tourism is $72.3 billion

Leading producer of tax revenues

Trend factors The opening of borders despite security concerns

An increase in disposable income and vacations

Cheaper and more exclusive flights

An increase in the number of people with time and

money to travel

More people with the urge to travel

“Tourism comprises the activities of people

traveling to and staying in places outside

their usual environment for not more than

one consecutive year for leisure, business,

and other purposes.”

Geography

Ownership

Function

Industry

Motive

Change occurred in 1978

Purpose is to allow a free market of

competition (fare structures)

Change in companies and the way airlines

are doing business

Business travelers spend less

Airlines’ fuel costs, pensions and security costs are on the rise

Major airlines are laying off employees

Delivery of new jets is delayed

Closing hubs, reservation and maintenance centers to cut costs

Enables passengers to travel from one smaller city via another smaller city via a hub

Hubs are the centers for connections around the world

Benefits Airlines can service cities at a lower cost

Airlines can maximize passenger loads from small cities, thereby saving fuel

A floating resort8.2 million passengers vacationed on

a ship in 2003 aloneMost cruise ships sail under foreign

flags Lower labor cost US ships are not permitted to operate

casino-style gambling Lower construction costs

Mass market

Middle market

Luxury market

Click on the links below for more information: World Tourism Organization

International Air Transportation Organization

International Civil Aviation Organization

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Pacific Asia Travel Association

Travel Industry of America

World Travel and Tourism Council

International travelers spend about $72.3 billion on travel-related expenses in the US annually

20.8 million people are directly employed in the industry

Travel generates $95.6 billion yearly in tax receipts

Approximately 40 million international travelers visit the US each year

New money spent by tourists is then re-spent

by hotels and restaurants in the community

for goods and services

Leakage occurs when money must be spent

outside the community for goods unavailable

within the community

Serve as a middle person

Agents use computer reservation systems

Make money on commissions charged to

hotels and car rental bookings

Charge clients a fee for their services

What does the future hold for travel

promoters?

Work within a large corporation

Can still work with travel agencies

Can also be the “meeting planner”

Consolidated services Airlines

Other transportation carriers

Ground service suppliers

Tours

Sold to the public

National Offices

US now has an NTO Private organization

Examples of other NTO’s Canada

Germany

Australia

Service organizations

Meet the needs of their clients

They sell destinations

Meeting planners

Incentive companies

To experience new and different surroundings

To experience other cultures

To rest and relaxTo visit friends and

familyTo view, or

participate in, sporting/recreational activities

Longer life spanFlexible working

hoursEarly retirementGreater ease of

travelTendency to take

shorter, more frequent trips

Increase in standard of living

Scenic beauty

Pleasant attitudes of locals

Suitable accommodations

Rest and relaxation

Airfare cost

Historic and cultural interests

Cuisine

Water sports

Entertainment

Shopping facilities

Sports

Companies are requiring employees to take the lowest reasonable airfare

37% of employees stay over a Saturday night when it will reduce the airfare

77% impose a size limit on rental cars, up from 70%

14% regularly make employees stay in economy hotels such as Hampton Inn or Courtyard by Marriott

Tourism pollution

Cultural awareness

Higher levels of employment

Buzzword

Seeks to minimize

the impact of

tourism

Natural

environment and

native cultures

Ecotourism

Number of tourist arrivals will continue to increase

Governments will continue to recognize importance of tourism

Increase in number of bi-lateral treaties

Internet booking will increase

Technology will continue to advance

Marketing partnerships and corporate alliances will continue to improve

Ticket-less air travel will become commonplace

Managing destinations has become a challenge

Increase in number of “boutique” airlines

Increase in use of automatic airport check-ins

Continued expansion in the cruise industry

More alternate cruises

Increased concern for health and safety of

travel and tourism

Increase in “nature” tourism