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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Comparisons, Contrasts, and Integration

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Integrative Model Perspective based on concepts and techniques from the

various theoretical approaches. Designed to address the three factors of thinking,

feeling and doing Developing a personal integrative approach

Long term venture that takes considerable study of many different theories.

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Rational Emotive“Our thinking patterns and behavior strongly influence our emotions. In this group we will explore an educational model that will help group members reduce troubling emotions through paying attention to and changing unhelpful self talk. Group members will be expected to engage in the process of change through active participation in group meetings and through the completion of homework. “

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Psychoanalytic“I’ll be paying attention to what is going on in the here and now, with particular attention on your reactions to one another. I’ll look for patterns in the way you relate and my job is to help you see how your earlier experiences often influence the way you perceive others and react to them. Part of our process will be to focus on recreating, analyzing, discussing, and interpreting past experiences and on working through defenses and resistances that operate at the unconscious level.”

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Adlerian“This group will be a place to experience belonging and connection and to receive encouragement toward desired change, to increase self esteem and self acceptance and to work on social relationships. We will explore your perceptions of your childhood family, recognize assumptions you live by now that may relate to those perceptions and explore alternative perceptions and choices.”

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Existential“This is a group for ppl who want to become truthful with themselves and clarify what gives meaning to their present and future. It is a context in which to look at oneself, decide the degree to which one is a fully functioning person as opposed to reflecting what others expect, and consider what choices might be more authentically one’s own. Members can openly share their fears related to living in unfulfilling ways and come to see how they have comprised their integrity. The group offers many opportunities for tackling like's challenges. “

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Person-Centered“We will determine together what kind of group this will be. My role is to create a climate that facilitates growth more than that of the expert that structures and decides things or uses techniques to make growth happen. I strongly believe that, within a safe setting your own sense of what you need will guide you to make the desired changes in your life.”

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Cognitive-Behavioral“My main goal in this group is to assist you in determining whether your current behavior meets your needs adequately. If you discover that it doesn’t and if you decide to change, we will work collaboratively to identify specific goals, to gather baseline data on the current level of important behaviors and to formulate a plan of action designed to promote change. The group will offer a place to practice this plan for change. “

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Solution Focused Brief“In this group, we will focus on solutions instead of problems. There is a strong emphasis on identifying goals and emphasizing our competencies. As a group leader, I will ask questions that will encourage you to focus on the language that you use, the prior solutions that you have used in other situations and the exceptions (examples of times in which you have not had the identified problem). “

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Cognitive BehavioralAssess the need for a particular kind of group.Assess members readiness and appropriateness for a group.Group structure is contractual

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ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Basic CharacteristicsMembers attempt to find a place in the groupGet acquainted and learn what a group is all aboutLearning the norms and expectations

Need foundation for building a community characterized by trust and the willingness to take risks necessary for change.

Person centered GestaltExistential Psychodynamic

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Goal FormulationCognitive Behavioral - Help members identify concrete aspects of their behavior that they want to change.Reality – Members are asked if their evaluate their wants and to determine if their needs are realistic.Solution Focused – Members are asked the “miracle question.” “If a miracle were to occur and your problem was solved, what would be different in your life?”

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Basic CharacteristicsChallenging phase - Conflict & Resistance

Conceptualizing Resistance Psychodynamic – unconscious attempt to defend from anxiety Adlerian – re-experiencing old feelings from family of origin,

sibling rivalry, acceptance/rejection, authority issues, traumas etc. Person centered – allows the members to freely express any

feelings, and have this expression accepted. Solution focused – pays attention to what one is doing.

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Basic CharacteristicsCommitment by members to explore significant problemsLeast degree of structure neededFocus on what members are doing outside of the sessions

Conceptualizing Resistance Gestalt – bringing unfinished business from past to the surface. CBP – correcting faulty thinking and emotional disturbances,

homework assignments.

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Copyright ©

2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Basic CharacteristicsCommitment by members to explore significant problemsLeast degree of structure neededFocus on what members are doing outside of the sessions

Conceptualizing Resistance Gestalt – bringing unfinished business from past to the surface. CBP – correcting faulty thinking and emotional disturbances,

homework assignments.

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2012 Brooks/C

ole, a divis ion of Cengage Le arning Inc.

Rational Emotive –Role playing, modeling, use of humor, & contracts Psychoanalytic – Interpretation, analysis of resistance & transference. Adlerian – Exploration of family constellation, confrontation,

cognitive restructuring, & challenging of one’s belief system. Person Centered – Active listening, reflection of feelings,

clarification, support, empathy & “being there” for the client. CBT – Socratic dialogue, self help techniques, reinforcement,

coaching, modeling, feedback to help change cognitions. Solution Focused – The miracle question, scaling questions, use of

metaphors, exceptions to the problem.

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