3.2 (Other) system design tools

Fabrizio CeschinPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy

fabrizio ceschinpolitecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability

course Product-Service System Design for Sustainabilitysubject 3. Methods and tools for PSS design for sustainability

learning resource 3.2

(OTHER) SYSTEM DESIGN TOOLS


CONTENTS

Integrating the tools along the MSDS methodology

System MapInteraction story-boardOffering diagram


STAKEHOLDER SYSTEM MAP

Developed by Francois Jégou within the research project HiCS - Highly Customerised Solutions, Solution-oriented design, production and delivery systems (European Research, GROWTH Programme / European 5th Framework).


2. (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

SCOPE: to visualise (to design and co-design) the structure of the system, describing the potential stakeholders and their interactions

WHAT IS: a graphical representation containing:

> stakeholders involved

> flows/interactions: physical, informational, financial and labor performance


WHAT IS: a codified and progressive representation:

> codified: because it's a "technical drawing" of the system of actors allowing to represent alternative system in a reproducible and comparable way

> progressive: because is a "formalisation-in-progress" of the solution actors map giving a more and more accurate picture of the project along its developement



integration in the design processper each sustainability dimensionincreasing the detail level

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS

EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES

SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN

SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.)

COMMUNICATION

ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS

ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT

ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES

ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE

DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES

IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY

DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS

VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL)



describe the system organization related to a best practice

formalisation of the tentative system organization ideas

development of the system organization: stakeholders involved and their interactions

further development (in details) of the system organization

MULTIMEDIA REPORTING: OVERALL QUALITIES

MULTIMEDIA REPORTING: STAINABILITY QUALITIES




Platform boundary

Systemboundary

secondary stakeholders

main stakeholders



Catering provider

Health adviser

Offices

E-mealFood providers

E-meal appliance producer

Structure icon Characterization icon

Slogan



structure characterisation

+

slogan

Bio food provider+

icon

Bio food provider=

Logistic provider

Local delivery shop

Logistic provider

Local delivery shop

+

+

+

+

=

=

BASIC RULE TO REPRESENT EACH ACTORS



Catering provider

Health adviser

Offices

E-mealFood providers


MAIN STAKEHOLDERBig icon

SECONDARY STAKEHOLDERSmall icon



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

E-meal

diet advice servicewith meal ordering

employees order the day before by internet…

companies contract service for their employees…

meals are delivered in companies…

employees pick-up theirmeal when they want…

vegetable, dairy andbread products

ARROW+

DESCRIPTION



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

E-meal







MATERIAL FLOWS



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

E-meal







INFORMATIONAL FLOWS



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

E-meal







FINANCIAL FLOWS



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

E-meal







DARK GREY

CORE FLOWS

LIGHT GREY

SECONDARY FLOWS



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

startE-meal


2. employees order the day before by internet…

1. companies contract service for their employees…

3. meals are delivered in companies…

4. employees pick-up theirmeal when they want…


READING ORDER



Catering provider

Food providers

Health adviser


Offices

E-meal


2. employees order the day before by internet…

1. companies contract service for their employees…

3. meals are delivered in companies…

4. employees pick-up theirmeal when they want…


READING ORDER

start



SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS:

This tool requires the use of standardized icons built using presentation software (e.g. open office, powerpoint).A basic template facilitate the construction of the System Maps in a systematic and uniform way.

> You will be provided with a powerpoint file, in which you can find…



industrial company

services company

local shop

collective house

public istitution

local association

individual house

school

mobile shop

PUBLIC ISTITUTIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS

HOMES

COMPANIES AND STORES

…structure icons…



…characterization icons (activities)…

EATING

TRANSPORTING

COMMUNICATING

WORKING IN OFFICE



…characterization icons (people)…

GENERAL PEOPLE

PEOPLE AT WORK



…flowsMaterial

flowInformation

flowFinancial

flow

core PSSperformance

one way flow exchange

1. vegetables

timing and descriptionof the flow

Labourperformance

alternative PSSperformance,

implementation orback-office flows




COPY AND PASTE THE ELEMENTS

FROM THE LIBRARIES TO THE

LAYOUT




OPEN SOURCE LIBRARIES

on www.lens.polimi.it



Under OLEP / Tools you can download the system map icons



INTERACTION TABLE (STORY-BOARD)

Developed by Daniela Sangiorgi within the MEPSS European research project (Methodology for Product Service Systems) Growth Programme / European 5th Framework.


SCOPE: to visualise and describe (to design and co-design) the narrative (story) of the front-desk (with the clients) and back-stage interactions (between other stakeholders)

WHAT IS: a mediating design tool that should support a collaborative and progressive design process of the interactions of the user with the designed solution, and the interactions of the other stakeholders in producing and delivery the solution itself

3. INTERACTION TABLE (STORY-BOARD)


WHAT IT CONSISTS OF:it is a graphical representation containing:

> the sequence of images, representing (in time) the various interactions of the different stakeholders

> and short texts, describing the specific role played by each stakeholders in each single interaction




STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION














analyse a best practice describing the user interactions

system tentative ideas are described visualising ideal interaction from the user point of view

further development (in details) of all the system interactions

visualization of the interactions of the user and the other stakeholders involved




visualise only the core performance the system is offering



SHORT TEXT

IMAGE



IMAGES SHOULD CONTAINE ONLY

NECESSARY ELEMENTS…

it is usually suggested that:...A BACKGROUND

REPRESENTING THE CONTEXT OF

EACH ACTION

…AND THE STAKEHOLDERS (HIGHLIGHTED

FROM THE BACKGROUND)



USER ROLE

SYSTEM ROLE



SERVICE ACTION

SOLUTION ELEMENTS NEEDED TO

CARRY OUT THE SERVICE ATION





SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: Based on spreadsheet applications (e.g. open-office, excel)



SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: Open source library of images (places) www.lens.polimi.it



SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: Open source library of images (people) www.lens.polimi.it



SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: combine the images to realize the visualization:

CONTEXT IMAGES

PEOPLE IMAGES




Under OLEP / Tools you can download the library of images


SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM

INGREDIENTS SELECTION

WEEKLY/DAILY PREORDER

FOOD DELIVERY

Developed by Francois Jégou within the MEPSS European research project (Methodology for Product Service Systems) Growth Programme / European 5th Framework


SCOPE: to focus and describe the System core satisfaction and the sub-satisfactions

WHAT IS: the Offering diagram tool is a way of representing the core satisfaction and the functionalities delivered by the System.

4. SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM


WHAT IT CONSISTS OF:it is a graphical progressive representation containing:

> the visualisation of the core satisfaction (main performance) provided by the system

> the visualisation of the functionalities delivered by the system in order to offer the satisfaction

> the description of how the functionalities will be delivered




STRATEGIC ANALYSIS




COMMUNICATION














describe the offer delivered by the system indicating the functionalities

describe the different emerged ideas, indicating the main satisfaction delivered by the system

describe the offer delivered by the system detailing all the functionalities




CORE SATISFACTION DELIVERED BY THE SYSTEM



INGREDIENTS SELECTION

Cooperatives of local producers

provide the campus

Biologic food

Students select food basing on

seasonal availability

WEEKLY/DAILY PREORDER

On line preorder based on the disponibility

Using internet or campus’ information

points

FOOD DELIVERY

Where you want inside the campus

Using rickshaws

FUNCTION

HOW THE FUNCTION WILL BE DELIVERED



Under OLEP / Tools you can download the library of images


Business

3.2 (Other) system design tools