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Featuring Surrealism Featuring Surrealism cultural movement cultural movement

By SBy SUMAIYAUMAIYA I ISLAM SLAM

Slides presented By : SUMAIYA ISLAMStudent ID : 152081002Semester : 1st Batch : 8th

Submitted to : Tanjil Fatema (Lecturer)Submission Date : 30th March, 2016

SSurrealismurrealismwas a style of art and literature that stressed the was a style of art and literature that stressed the

subconscious or non rational. subconscious or non rational. 

The aim was to "resolve the previously contradictory The aim was to "resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality". conditions of dream and reality".

Artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes with Artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes with photographic precision, created strange creatures photographic precision, created strange creatures

from everyday objects and developed painting from everyday objects and developed painting techniques that allowed the unconscious to express techniques that allowed the unconscious to express

itselfitselfOriginally a literary movement, it explored dreams, the Originally a literary movement, it explored dreams, the

unconscious, the element of chance and multiple unconscious, the element of chance and multiple levels of reality.levels of reality.

• ““more than real”more than real”• ““better than real”better than real”

What is Surrealism??What is Surrealism??• Surrealism is a cultural Surrealism is a cultural

movement that began in the early movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks and writingsvisual artworks and writings.

•   Its name derived from the Its name derived from the phrase Drame surrealiste, the sub-phrase Drame surrealiste, the sub-title of a 1917 play by the writer and title of a 1917 play by the writer and art critic GuillaumeApollinaire. art critic GuillaumeApollinaire.

Surrealist inspired from…Surrealist inspired from…• The surrealists were The surrealists were

greately inspired by the greately inspired by the psychological studies of psychological studies of SIGMUND FREUD.SIGMUND FREUD.

• Freud thought that by Freud thought that by analyzing dreams,you analyzing dreams,you could figure out certain could figure out certain psychoses and mental psychoses and mental disorders.disorders.

• He said “Dreams are often He said “Dreams are often most profound when they most profound when they seem the most crazy.”seem the most crazy.”

Who Founded Who Founded Surrealism?Surrealism?

The writer ANDRE BRETON The writer ANDRE BRETON nicknamed "the Pope of nicknamed "the Pope of Surrealism", was the Surrealism", was the movement's founder and movement's founder and chief theorist.chief theorist. He introduced and defined the new style in his initial 1924 manifesto (Manifeste du Surrealisme) and later in his painting bulletin (Surrealisme et la Peinture).

Techniques of Surrealism…

there are some techniques which were followed by the

surrealists…

Characteristics of SurrealismCharacteristics of Surrealism Infence of Freud: Dreams and subconscious Reversal of natural laws Juxtaposition Created strange creatures from everyday

objects

It also has distorted and impossible sizes of objects

Many surrealist art is set in Many surrealist art is set in wide open space and have wide open space and have

long shadowslong shadows

It usually has It usually has unrealistic and unrealistic and

fantastic scenaryfantastic scenary

Surrealism artists• Salvador Dali• Rene Magritte• Giorgio de Chirico• Max Ernst• Yves Tanguy• Joan Miro• Paul Klee

Salvador Dali

He is the most famous surrealist and one of the surrealist master,and his fame was greater than just being an artist.He was a Spanish painter.Very eccentric and bizarre and depicted highly imaginative scenes.

• Dali was something of an exhibitionist; he loved to gain publicity by shocking or provoking his critics.

• He spent the war years (WWII) in America, where he made a fortune working with advertisers and with Disney.

•  • Most of the works he did revolved around

painting, sculpture work, and he worked as a graphic artist and designer as well.

• During the course of his career, he experienced many different art forms, and experimented with a few styles, allowing him to further his points of expression, and the design pieces which he created during the illustrious and extensive career that he had. 

• During his career, he focused on cubism, futurism, as well as metaphysical painting work, until in 1929, he joined the group of surrealists, and this art movement which he felt a connection to. 

I don't do drugs. I am drugs.

PERSISTENCE OF MEMORY Dali once said that the mind and time are like “cheese” that are full of holes(unreliable).Means memory can be deceiving

Mae WestMae WestMae west’s face was designed by Dali As an apartment where West’s lips are As sofa eyes are as paintings hair is as curtainThis is a famous work by him.

Other famous works by Dali

.  .  Sleep Swans Reflecting Elephants

Metamorphosis of Narcisus The Anthropomorphic Cabinet

Salvador Dali – Accomodations of Desire

Salvador Dali – Gala contemplating the sea….

Dali’s jewellary design….

Rene MagritteRene Magritte• Belgian artist• Mother committed suicide• His work showed clear

draftsmanship• Used to create perception

and illuision• Did frescoes and

sculptures in later life• Died of cancer.

Works…

JoAn MiRo• Was a spanish catalan painter,sculptor,ceramist

• Typically biomorphic abstract images

• Convincingly depicts organisms take shapes,defined clear outline and sharp colors..

Some of his works…

SSurrealism has had an impact in many other urrealism has had an impact in many other fields such as fields such as ccinema,inema,ffashion and ashion and people”s people”s

thoughtthought……

Music Music Film Film LiteratureLiterature TheatreTheatre

Were other parts of Were other parts of SSurrealismurrealism

Surrealist cinemaEarly films by Surrealists include:• Entr'acte by René Clair(1924)Entr'acte by René Clair(1924)• La Coquille et le clergyman by Germaine La Coquille et le clergyman by Germaine

Dulac, screenplay by Antonin Artaud (1928)Dulac, screenplay by Antonin Artaud (1928)• L'Étoile de mer by Man Ray (1928)L'Étoile de mer by Man Ray (1928)• Un Chien Andalou by Luis Buñuel and Un Chien Andalou by Luis Buñuel and

Salvador Dalí (1929)Salvador Dalí (1929)• L'Âge d'Or by Buñuel and Dalí (1930)L'Âge d'Or by Buñuel and Dalí (1930)• Le sang d'un poète by Jean Cocteau (1930)Le sang d'un poète by Jean Cocteau (1930)

Surrealism and literature

• Surrealism in literature can be defined as an artistic attempt to bridge together reality and the imagination. Surrealists seek to overcome the contradictions of the conscious and unconscious minds by creating unreal or bizarre stories full of juxtapositions.

While the idea of surrealism is complex, surrealist literature

does have common characteristics…

• Surrealist literature will have contrasting images or ideas.

• This technique is used to help readers make new connections and expand the reader's reality, or rather the reader's idea of what reality is.

• Surrealism will use images and metaphors to compel the reader to think deeper and reveal subconscious meaning.

• Instead of relying on plot, surrealist writers instead focus on the characters, discovery, and imagery to force readers to dig into their unconscious and analyze what they find.

• Surrealism also uses poetic styles to create dreamlike and fantastic stories that often defy logic.

• Rather than incorporate the normal prosaic structure like linear plots and structured settings, surrealism uses poetic techniques, like leaps in thinking (free association), abstract ideas, and nonlinear timelines.

Surrealist musicSurrealist music

• Surrealist music is music which uses unexpected juxtapositions and other surrealist techniques.

• Discussing Theodor Adorno, MaxPaddison (1993, 90) defines surrealist music as that which "juxtaposes its historically devalued fragments in a montage-like manner which enables them to yield up new meanings within a new aesthetic unity," though Lloyd Whitesell says this is Paddison's gloss of the term (Whitesell 2004, 118). 

• Anne LeBaron (2002, 27) cites automatism, including improvisation, and collage as the primary techniques of musical surrealism.

• According to Whitesell, Paddison quotes Adorno's 1930 essay "Reaktion und Fortschritt" as saying "Insofar as surrealist composing makes use of devalued means, it uses these as devalued means, and wins its form from the 'scandal' produced when the dead suddenly spring up among the living" 

Now a days surrealism is practised in modern

ways…

Critisism of Surrealism

Feminists have in the past critiqued Surrealism, claiming that it is fundamentally a male movement and a male fellowship. Feminist critics believe that it adopts archaic attitudes toward women, such as worshiping them symbolically through stereotypes and sexist norms. Women are often made to represent higher values and transformed into objects of desire and of mystery

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