2. other groups (jews, italians, lithuanians)

LEARNING INTENTIONS

• Describe the other three main groups that migrated to live in Scotland

• For each group describe key facts e.g. where they lived, jobs they did

Although the Irish were the main immigrant group to Scotland, they were not the only ones. Smaller numbers

of Jews, Lithuanians and Italians settled here too.

Jewish immigration

Large number of Jews moved from Poland and Russia.

Most Jews who moved to Scotland did so

because of religious persecution.

A pogrom is a massacre of an ethnic group. Jewish pogroms were a problem in the Russian Empire and

later in Nazi Germany.

The Jews who came to Scotland mostly settled in

Glasgow.

Many of the Jews worked in the so-called ‘sweated trades’ such as clothes making. Many Scots felt

these immigrants reduced their wages.

Lithuanian immigration

Many Lithuanians moved to Scotland, en route to the USA

Thousands of Lithuanians moved to

Scotland.

They did to escape persecution and high

taxes in their homeland.

Most came to Scotland first because this was

cheaper than travelling straight to the USA.

There were large Lithuanian communities in

Lanarkshire and Ayrshire.

Most of them worked in mines and the iron and

steel industries too.

Some Scots worried Lithuanians were taking

jobs and lowering wages.

Italian immigration

Many Italians moved to Scotland, around the early-1900s.

Many Italians were also attracted to Scotland too,

from different parts of Italy.

They were attracted by the chance to escape the poverty found in their

home country. They lived all across Scotland, including Ayrshire.

Italians made money by opening up shops and cafes selling ice cream

and fish and chips.

Some religious Scots did not like the fact that these shops opened on Sundays.

Others liked the alternative to alcohol.