What's new in DWR version 3

What’s new in DWR v3

Joe WalkerDWR Lead DeveloperSitePen UK

RecapSince we last talked ...

Named ParametersBinary Files

JavaScript Extending JavaBetter Reverse Ajax

Data Sync: Dojo Data StoreJSON / JSONP / JSON-RPC

Varargs and Overloaded MethodsWhat’s Next

Marshalling Types

Primitive types, and their Object counterpartsint, boolean, long, float, double, etc

Obvious classesString, Date, BigDecimal, BigInteger, Enum, etc

Arrays and CollectionsMap, List, Set, Iterator, ...

JavaBeans and ObjectsXML objects

DOM, XOM, JDom, Dom4J

Since we last talked ...

TIBCO General InterfaceSitePenhttp://svn.directwebremoting.org

Named Parameters

DWR will create client-side classes to look like server-side classes to make passing parameters easy

public interface Person { ... }public class Employee implements Person { ... }public class Manager extends Employee { ... }

public HumanResources { public void addPerson(Person p) { ... }}

JavaScript:

Manager m = new Manager();HumanResources.addPerson(m);

Named Parameters

Why?• Inheritance is useful in places• It saves creating addEmployee() and addManager()

methods

Lightweight Named Parameters

DWR also allows a lighter-weight method of declaring types

public interface Person { ... }public class Employee implements Person { ... }public class Manager extends Employee { ... }

public HumanResources { public void addPerson(Person p) { ... }}

JavaScript:

var m = { $dwrClassName:'Manager', firstname:'Joe', ...};HumanResources.addPerson(m);

Why?• Everything as for Named Parameters• But sometimes you get an object from somewhere

Binary Files: File Upload

DWR has always had a long list of things that it will marshall including Dates, DOM trees, etc

In addition, DWR will now marshall binary files just as if they were the text resources it handles now

public Remoted { public void receiveBinaryFile(byte[] uploaded) { ... }}

JavaScript:

var binary = dwr.util.getValue('fileId');Remoted.receiveBinaryFile(binary);

Will marshall to:• byte[]• java.awt.BufferedImage• java.io.InputStream• org.directwebremoting.io.FileTransfer

(gives access to filename and mime-type in addition to the contents)

Why?• This is a lot easier than using commons-fileupload

or similar• We can provide integration with progress bar

widgets

Binary Files: Download

Binary file handling is 2 way. It’s good for:• Images• PDF files• Word, Excel documents• etc.

Java:public Remoted { public void getPDF(String contents) { ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); Document doc = new Document(); PdfWriter.getInstance(doc, buf); doc.open(); doc.add(new Paragraph(contents)); doc.close(); return new FileTransfer("ex.pdf", "application/pdf", buf.toByteArray());

JavaScript:Remoted.getPDF('Joe', function(data) { dwr.engine.openInDownload(data);});

Why?• This is a lot easier than creating a special PDF/

image/etc serving servlet

Javascript extending Java

DWR will allow you to implement Java interfaces using JavaScript

Java:public interface BazListener { void somethingChanged(String msg);}public class Remote { public void addBazListener(BazListener bl) { ... }

public void calledLater() { for (BazListener bl : listeners) bl.somethingChanged("JS objects can implement Java interfaces"); } ...}

JavaScript:function BazListener() {this.$dwrByRef;}BazListener.prototype.somethingChanged = function(msg){alert(msg);};

var bl = new BazListener();Remote.addBazListener(bl);

Why?• Intuitive way to interact• Easy Pub-sub• Allows interaction with existing APIs

Scalable Reverse Ajax

Previously there were some scalability limitations with the 2.0 reverse ajax API.3.0 deprecates the problem areas.

Reverse Ajax proxies no longer take a list of ScriptSessions in the constructor, they just write to the current ‘destination’

The Browser API allows you to change the current ‘destination’

// The default destination is the browser// that caused the current action to happen.Window.alert("Hello");

// Non DWR thread have no default destinationThread t = new Thread(new Runnable()) { public void run() { // Error Window.alert("Hello"); }});

// Set the destination to be all browsers that// are looking at the current pageBrowser.withCurrentPage(new Runnable()) { public void run() { Window.alert("Hello"); }});

// Set the destination to be all browsers that// are looking at the current pageBrowser.withCurrentPage("index.html", new Runnable()) { public void run() { Window.alert("Hello"); }});

// Broadcast to everyoneBrowser.withAllSessions(...);

// Broadcast to subsetsBrowser.with*Filtered(scriptSesssionFilter, ...);

// To a known individualBrowser.withSession(sessionId, ...);

Why?• It’s generally easier to use• It decouples generation from routing• It scales

Reverse Ajax APIs

Reverse Ajax != Comet

Reverse Ajax == Comet + Polling + Piggyback

// Low level: Use server-side W3C DOM methodsElement ele = doc.createElement("p");

ScriptSessions.addFunctionCall("document.body.appendChild",ele);

Reverse Ajax APIs: JS Level

// Low level: Any arbitrary JavaScriptString s = "if (document.all) window.alert('IE');";

ScriptSessions.addScript(s);

Reverse Ajax APIs: JS Level

// Some methods from Window and Documentimport javax.servlet.http.Cookie;import org.directwebremoting.ui.browser.Document;

Cookie c = new Cookie("name", "value");Document.setCookie(c);

Reverse Ajax APIs: DOM Level

// dwr.util in Javaimport org.directwebremoting.ui.dwr.Util;

String[] opts = new String[] {"one","two",...};Util.addOptions("li", opts);

Reverse Ajax APIs: dwr.util

// Scriptaculous Effects in Javaimport org.directwebremoting.ui.scriptaculous.Effect;

Effect.fade("someId");

Reverse Ajax APIs: Scriptaculous

// TIBCO General Interface in Javaimport jsx3.GI;import jsx3.app.*;import jsx3.gui.*;

Server server = GI.getServer("servername");TextBox phoneNum = server.getJSXByName("phoneNum", TextBox.class);

phoneNum.setValue("servername");

Reverse Ajax APIs: TIBCO GI

// Dojo in Javaimport org.dojotoolkit.dijit.Dijit;import org.dojotoolkit.dijit.Editor;

Editor e = Dijit.byId("price", Editor.class);e.setValue(42);

Reverse Ajax APIs: Dojo

Why?• A full range of APIs for dynamically updating client

data• DWR doesn’t do widgets, but it does talk to the

people that do

Drapgen can be used to create and maintain large APIs

Dojo Data Store

DWR now implements all 4 interfaces to allow Dojo to sync data with Java code on the server

// Load the data somehowMap<String, Person> ppl = ...;

// Create an implementation of StoreProvider to hold the dataMapStoreProvider provider = new MapStoreProvider(ppl, Person.class);

// Tell DWR to expose the data to the internetDirectory.register("testServerData", provider);

Dojo Data Store

JavaScript:

dojo.registerModulePath("dwr", "path/from/dojo/to/dwr");dojo.require("dwr.data.Store");

dwrStore = new dwr.data.Store("testServerData", { subscribe:true });dijit.byId("grid").setStore(dwrStore);

Dojo Data Store

// The StoreProvider from earlierMapStoreProvider provider = ...

// Get a representation of the internal dataMap<String, Person> data = provider.asMap();

// Mutate itdata.addPerson(new Person(...));

// The browsers viewing the data automagically update

Dojo Data Store

Why?• Data-Sync APIs are hard to get right, but are really

simple to use• There is lots of potential for network level

optimization

JSON / JSONP / JSON-RPC

Dojo Data Store

DWR now supports:• plain JSON• JSONP• JSON-RPC

public class Demo { public sayHello(String name) { return "Hello, " + name; }}

Shell:

$ wget http://example.com/app/dwr/jsonp/Demo/sayHello? ↩ callback=callback&param0="Joe"

-> callback("Hello, Joe");

dojo.io.script.get({ url:'http://example.com/app/dwr/jsonp/Demo/sayHello', content:{param:'Joe'}}).addCallback(function() { ... });

JQuery:

$.ajax({ dataType:'jsonp', data:'param=Joe', url:'http://example.com/app/dwr/jsonp/Demo/sayHello', success:function () { ... },});

JSON / JSONP / JSON-RPC

Why?• To allow DWR to remote functions to things other

than a DWR client• ‘DWRP’ is designed to be something we can change

without a long deprecation process

Varargs

You can now call methods with a vararg parameter

public Remoted { public void method(String... arg) { ... }}

JavaScript:

Remoted.method("One", "Two", "Three");

Varargs

Why?• It saves the hassle of wrapping options in an array

or collection before a method is called

Alert:• It could break some corner cases when mixing

servlet parameters with normal parameters

Overloaded Methods

Previously DWR prevented you from reliably calling overloaded methods

Java:public Remoted { public void method(int num) { log.debug("int method called with " + num); } public void method(String str) { log.debug("String method called with " + str); }}

JavaScript:Remoted.method("String Param");Remoted.method(42);

Overloaded Methods

Why?• It saves you from creating multiple proxy methods

to existing APIs

What’s Next

Top Directions for DWR 3.1

Shorter release cycleGearsSMDDojo:

• Reverse Ajax API support• Auto-build

Any Questions?

• http://directwebremoting.org• http://sitepen.com

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