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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENTBY M. EISSA
OUTCOMES
Supply Chain Management
Value Chain & Value Network
Restructuring Options for Supply Chain
E-business & Supply Chain
Trends in SCM
OUTCOMES
Supply Chain Management
Value Chain & Value Network
Restructuring Options for Supply Chain
E-business & Supply Chain
Trends in SCM
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Supply chain management (SCM) The coordination of all supply activities of an
organization from its suppliers and partners to its customers.
Upstream supply chain Transactions between an organization and its
suppliers and intermediaries, equivalent to buy-side e- commerce.
Downstream supply chain Transactions between an organization and its
customers and intermediaries, equivalent to sellside e- commerce.
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
SCM Definition (Tan, 2001) Purchasing and supply activities of manufacturers.
Transportation and logistics function of merchants and retailers.
All value-adding activities from raw materials extractor to the end users, including recycling.
Achieving Competitive Advantage through Supply Chain Integration.
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
SCM: is it New? 1960s/70s: Physical distribution
management (PDM).
1970s/80s: Logistics management.
Materials Requirement Planning (MRP).
Just-In-Time (JIT).
1980s/90s: Supply Chain Management:
Efficient Consumer Response (ECR).
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP/MRP II), XRP.
1990s/2000s: Technological Interface Management (TIM).
Source: http://www.icc.net/en_US/export/pics/icc.net/Document_Flow.gif
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
SCM: is it New? 1960s/70s: Physical distribution
management (PDM).
1970s/80s: Logistics management.
Materials Requirement Planning (MRP).
Just-In-Time (JIT).
1980s/90s: Supply Chain Management:
Efficient Consumer Response (ECR).
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP/MRP II), XRP.
1990s/2000s: Technological Interface Management (TIM).
Source: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2116/2429853243_2e692ff720_m.jpg
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
SCM: is it New? 1960s/70s: Physical distribution management
(PDM).
1970s/80s: Logistics management.
Materials Requirement Planning (MRP).
Just-In-Time (JIT).
1980s/90s: Supply Chain Management:
Efficient Consumer Response (ECR).
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP/MRP II), XRP.
1990s/2000s: Technological Interface Management (TIM).
Source: http://teamrocket2010.wordpress.com/2010/05/31/erp-is-the-future/
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
SCM: is it New? 1960s/70s: Physical distribution
management (PDM).
1970s/80s: Logistics management.
Materials Requirement Planning (MRP).
Just-In-Time (JIT).
1980s/90s: Supply Chain Management:
Efficient Consumer Response (ECR).
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP/MRP II), XRP.
1990s/2000s: Technological Interface Management (TIM).
Source: http://www.elemica.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/quicklinkdisc13j.png
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
Other definitions Logistics: Broad definition
Strategic management of the total supply chain (includes procurement, manufacture, distribution, transport, storage,…)
Inbound logistics
Management of material resources entering organization from suppliers and partners
Outbound logistics
Management of resources from organization to customers and intermediaries
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (CONT.)
Other definitions
Source: E-Business and E-commerce management, Dave Chaffey
OUTCOMES
Supply Chain Management
Value Chain & Value Network
Restructuring Options for Supply Chain
E-business & Supply Chain
Trends in SCM
VALUE CHAIN / VALUE NETWORK
Value Chain Any element of the supply chain must add value to the product/service delivered to customers.
Can be Internal within organization boundary or External with partners.
Typical value chain
Source: E-Business and E-commerce management, Dave Chaffey
VALUE CHAIN / VALUE NETWORK
Value Network
OUTCOMES
Supply Chain Management
Value Chain & Value Network
Restructuring Options for Supply Chain
E-business & Supply Chain
Trends in SCM
RESTRUCTURING OPTIONS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN
Does Internet primarily affect SCM restructuring or only supporting tool?
RESTRUCTURING OPTIONS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN (CONT.)
Vertical integration The extent to which supply chain activities are undertaken and controlled within the organization.
Virtual integration The majority of supply chain activities are undertaken and controlled outside the organization by
third parties.
RESTRUCTURING OPTIONS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN (CONT.)
Source: E-Business and E-commerce management, Dave Chaffey
OUTCOMES
Supply Chain Management
Value Chain & Value Network
Restructuring Options for Supply Chain
E-business & Supply Chain
Trends in SCM
E-BUSINESS & SUPPLY CHAIN
Challenge? achieving standardized data formats and data exchange
Information supply chain ISC Marinos & Sun and Yen (2005): an information-centric view of physical and virtual supply chains
where each entity adds value to the chain by providing the right information to the right entity at the right time in a secure manner.
E-BUSINESS & SUPPLY CHAIN (CONT.)
Technology standards in SCM EDI: communications protocol for exchanging documents among computers.
XML: promotes a message-oriented view of e-commerce that isolates business transactions from differences in software, hardware…programming languages.
Middleware: integrate or translate requests from external systems so they are understood by internal systems.
Manual ordering emails or web portal.
E-BUSINESS & SUPPLY CHAIN (CONT.)
IS-supported upstream SCM Key activities
Procurement (Next prezi).
Upstream logistics.
IS-supported downstream SCM Key activities
Outbound logistics.
Fulfillment.
E-BUSINESS & SUPPLY CHAIN (CONT.)
Source: E-Business and E-commerce management, Dave Chaffey
Typical SCM IS infrastructure
E-BUSINESS & SUPPLY CHAIN (CONT.)
Increased efficiency of individual processes.
Reduced complexity of the supply chain.
Improved data integration between elements of the supply chain.
Reduced cost through outsourcing.
Innovation.
OUTCOMES
Supply Chain Management
Value Chain & Value Network
Restructuring Options for Supply Chain
E-business & Supply Chain
Trends in SCM
TRENDS IN SCM
Just-in-Time production Method of inventory cost management
Seeks to eliminate excess inventory to bare minimum
Lean production Set of production methods and tools
Focuses on elimination of waste throughout customer value chain, not just inventory
Supply Chain Simplification Process standardization.
Use of Technologies.
TRENDS IN SCM (CONT.)
Adaptive Supply Chains Reducing centralization.
Creating regional or product-based supply chains.
Sustainable Supply Chains Considering social and ecological interests.
Using most efficient environmental means of production, distribution, logistics.
Collaborative Commerce Use of technologies.
Moves focus from transactions to relationships among supply chain participants.
THANKSTIME FOR QUESTIONS
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