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DESCRIPTION
Curious about Android, but never found the time to look into it? Come to this session for an accelerated introduction. We will look at the basic structure of an Android app, then deep dive into two aspects that differentiate Android from iOS: layout and intents. How does the layout system deal with the myriad of Android devices? How do intents facilitate deep integration among Android apps?
Citation preview
Intro to Androidfor iOS developers
Chiu-Ki Chan@chiuki
@chiuki@chiuki
@chiuki@chiuki
Hello WorldLayouts
Intents & Components
Hello World
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ViewController
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xib
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IBOutlet
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Center<TextView android:id="@+id/text" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" />
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Button<Button android:id="@+id/text" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:text="@string/add" />
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LinearLayout
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LinearLayout<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="128sp" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/add" android:onClick="add" /></LinearLayout>
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IBAction<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="128sp" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/add" android:onClick="add" /></LinearLayout>
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IBActionpublic class MainActivity extends Activity { private TextView countView; private int count = 0;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); countView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.count); updateCount(); }
public void add(View v) { count += 1; updateCount(); }
private void updateCount() { countView.setText(String.valueOf(count)); }}
android:onClick="add"
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Update viewpublic class MainActivity extends Activity { private TextView countView; private int count = 0;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); countView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.count); updateCount(); }
public void add(View v) { count += 1; updateCount(); }
private void updateCount() { countView.setText(String.valueOf(count)); }}
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RelativeLayout
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<RelativeLayout> <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_centerInParent="true" /> <Button android:id="@+id/reset" android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:text="@string/reset" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/subtract" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toRightOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/add" /></RelativeLayout>
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<RelativeLayout> <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_centerInParent="true" /> <Button android:id="@+id/reset" android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:text="@string/reset" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/subtract" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toRightOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/add" /></RelativeLayout>
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<RelativeLayout> <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_centerInParent="true" /> <Button android:id="@+id/reset" android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:text="@string/reset" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/subtract" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toRightOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/add" /></RelativeLayout>
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<RelativeLayout> <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_centerInParent="true" /> <Button android:id="@+id/reset" android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:text="@string/reset" /> <Button android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/subtract" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toRightOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/add" /></RelativeLayout>
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<RelativeLayout> <TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_centerInParent="true" /> <Button android:id="@+id/reset" android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:text="@string/reset" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/subtract" /> <Button android:layout_below="@id/count" android:layout_toRightOf="@id/reset" android:text="@string/add" /></RelativeLayout>
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Device Preview
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Bigger text on tablets
Resource Folders
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textSize<TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="128sp" />
res/layout/activity_main.xml
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res/values/dimens.xml<TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="@dimen/counter_size" />
res/layout/activity_main.xml
<dimen name="counter_size" value="128sp" />
res/values/dimens.xml
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res/values-sw600dp/dimens.xml<TextView android:id="@+id/count" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="@dimen/counter_size" />
res/layout/activity_main.xml
<dimen name="counter_size" value="128sp" />
<dimen name="counter_size" value="256sp" />
res/values/dimens.xml
res/values-sw600dp/dimens.xml
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Resource Folders
Type Variation
layoutvalues
drawablemenu
Language & Region: en, fr, fr-rCA, jaScreen size: small, large, sw600dp, h400dpScreen orientation: port, landScreen density: ldpi, mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, nodpi, tvdpiPlatform version: v4, v11, v14UI mode: car, desk, television, appliance
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html
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Resource Folders
Type Variation
layoutvalues
drawablemenu
Language & Region: en, fr, fr-rCA, jaScreen size: small, large, sw600dp, h400dpScreen orientation: port, landScreen density: ldpi, mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, nodpi, tvdpiPlatform version: v4, v11, v14UI mode: car, desk, television, appliance
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html
res/values-sw600dp/dimens.xml
@chiuki@chiuki
Resource Folders
Type Variation
layoutvalues
drawablemenu
Language & Region: en, fr, fr-rCA, jaScreen size: small, large, sw600dp, h400dpScreen orientation: port, landScreen density: ldpi, mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, nodpi, tvdpiPlatform version: v4, v11, v14UI mode: car, desk, television, appliance
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html
res/drawable-hdpi/ic_launcher.png
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Resource Folders
Type Variation
layoutvalues
drawablemenu
Language & Region: en, fr, fr-rCA, jaScreen size: small, large, sw600dp, h400dpScreen orientation: port, landScreen density: ldpi, mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, nodpi, tvdpiPlatform version: v4, v11, v14UI mode: car, desk, television, appliance
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html
res/drawable-hdpi/ic_launcher.png @2x
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Resource Folders
Type Variation
layoutvalues
drawablemenu
Language & Region: en, fr, fr-rCA, jaScreen size: small, large, sw600dp, h400dpScreen orientation: port, landScreen density: ldpi, mdpi, hdpi, xhdpi, nodpi, tvdpiPlatform version: v4, v11, v14UI mode: car, desk, television, appliance
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html
res/layout-ja/name.xml
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
onPause()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
onPause()onStop()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
onPause()onStop()
viewWillDisappear:viewDidDisappear:
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
onPause()onStop()
viewWillDisappear:viewDidDisappear:
onDestroy()
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
onPause()onStop()
viewWillDisappear:viewDidDisappear:
onDestroy() viewDidUnload:
Activity Lifecycle
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onCreate() viewDidLoad:
onStart()onResume()
viewWillAppear:viewDidAppear:
onPause()onStop()
viewWillDisappear:viewDidDisappear:
onDestroy() viewDidUnload:
Activity Lifecycle
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Visibility
More Activities
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startActivity (explicit)Intent intent = new Intent(this, NumberActivity.class);intent.putExtra("count", count);startActivity(intent);
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startActivity (explicit)Intent intent = new Intent(this, NumberActivity.class);intent.putExtra("count", count);startActivity(intent);
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startActivity (explicit)Intent intent = new Intent(this, NumberActivity.class);intent.putExtra("count", count);startActivity(intent);
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startActivity (implicit)Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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startActivity (implicit)Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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startActivity (implicit)Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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startActivity (implicit)Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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Register your Activity<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" /> <data android:scheme="http" android:host="twitter.com" /> </intent-filter></activity>
AndroidManifest.xml
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
Info.plist
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IntentFilter: Action<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" /> <data android:scheme="http" android:host="twitter.com" /> </intent-filter></activity>
AndroidManifest.xml
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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IntentFilter: Data<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" /> <data android:scheme="http" android:host="twitter.com" /> </intent-filter></activity>
AndroidManifest.xml
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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IntentFilter: Category<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" /> <data android:scheme="http" android:host="twitter.com" /> </intent-filter></activity>
AndroidManifest.xml
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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IntentFilter: Category<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" /> <data android:scheme="http" android:host="twitter.com" /> </intent-filter></activity>
AndroidManifest.xml
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://twitter.com/chiuki"));startActivity(intent);
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Intent Data<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" /> <data android:scheme="http" android:host="twitter.com" /> </intent-filter></activity>
Uri uri = getIntent().getData();
AndroidManifest.xml
YourActivity.java
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startActivityForResultprivate static final int REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA = 1;Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_CAMREA);
protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data"); }}
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startActivityForResultprivate static final int REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA = 1;Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA);
protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data"); }}
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Providing ResultIntent data = new Intent();data.putExtra("data", bitmap);setResult(RESULT_OK, data);finish();
protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data"); }}
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Intent DataIntent data = new Intent();data.putExtra("data", bitmap);setResult(RESULT_OK, data);finish();
protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data"); }}
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Result CodeIntent data = new Intent();data.putExtra("data", bitmap);setResult(RESULT_OK, data);finish();
protected void onActivityResult( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) data.getExtras().get("data"); }}
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Share intent
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, message);
intent.setType("image/*");Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(path));intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
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IntentFilter: Type<activity android:name=".YourActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.ACTION_SEND" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:mimeType="image/*" /> </intent-filter></activity>
AndroidManifest.xml
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);intent.setType("image/*");
@chiuki@chiuki
Intent Data
String subject = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT);String message = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT);Uri imageUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
YourActivity.java
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, message);
intent.setType("image/*");Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(path));intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
Beyond Activities
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Service BroadcastReceiver
ContentProvider Notification
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Service
Look ma, no UI!
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Service
Long-running
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BroadcastReceiver
Respond
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BroadcastReceiver
Respond
Battery low
Wifi connected
Incoming SMSApp installed
Screen off
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ContentProvider
Provide data to other apps
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ContentProvider
Provide data to other apps
Contacts
Images Music
Calendar
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ContentProvider
Internal data(unless you need SQLite interface)
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Notification
Notify
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Notify
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Notification
Communicate with background Service
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Background Service
Case study
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Email Outbox
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Notification
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AlarmService
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Connectivity change
Summary
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Summary
Hello WorldLayoutsResource FoldersActivity LifecycleIntents & ComponentsCase Study
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Thank you!
http://eepurl.com/lR5uDhttp://blog.sqisland.comhttp://twitter.com/chiuki
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