Global Drivers - Andes Presentation

Bert De Bievre, Miguel Saravia, Luis AcostaChiang Mai, september 2011

Drivers in the Andes

Relevant conditions in Andes

Important drivers in Andes

Important drivers in Andes (1)

Urbanization: drastic increase in urban population, rural population more or less stable. Causes geographical concentration of water demand

Source: Presentation “Water Management and Climate Change”, by Axel Dourojeanni, Lima 2010.

Source: Estrategia Andina para GIRH, CAN 2010.

Important drivers in Andes (2)

Free trade agreements boost agroindustry for export, but large differences between countries

Important drivers in Andes (3)Land degradation: loss of regulation capacity in mountain catchments

Source: Wouter Buytaert, 2010.

Proyecto Cerro Negro

Proyecto Maqui Maqui

Proyecto La Quinua

Proyecto CarachugoÌ

Ì Ì

Ì

Ì

Proyecto Yanacocha Norte

ÌProyecto Yanacocha Sur

Cajamarca

#

Ubicación antiguaLaguna Yanacocha

Coordenadas Proyección UTMDatum: Psad 56

LAGUNA YANACOCHA

ANTES DE LAS OPERACIONES MINERAS (1992)

UBICACIÓN (Composit 1999)

AHORA (2006)

N

Important drivers in Andes (3)

Important drivers in Andes (3)

Important drivers in Andes (4)

Climate change: vertical altitudinal moves certain, everything else very uncertain

Important drivers in Andes (4)

Climate change: vertical altitudinal moves certain, everything else very uncertain

GCr Par PnH PnX BMs BMsd Arb PrP

Región A1B.1039

Are

aK

m2

-10

00

10

02

00

30

0

PérdidaEstableGanancia

GCr Par PnH PnX BMs BMsd Arb PrP

Región A1B.4069

Are

aK

m2

-10

00

10

02

00

30

04

00 Pérdida

EstableGanancia

Projected changes in ecosystems area: the higher ecosystems only loose, the lower ones loose and gain (Cuesta et al., 2010)

Highlighting some Responses

in Andes

Responses (1)

Urbanization: focus on catchments supplying water to large cities (e.g. water funds), campaigning for reduction of demand, large infrastructure to bring in water from further away.

Responses (2)

Agroindustry: Interest for catchment, very recent (!), especially Peru

Example: Design of PES in Rio Cañete basin

Responses (3)

Land degradation: conservation of critical ecosystems (paramo, puna wetlands), in lower areas little response

Responses (4)

Climate change: adaptation actions

Whole lot of projects, governmental at national and local scale, and non-governmental

Nothing really new: Integrated Water Resources Management Integrated Catchment Management Typically reforestation with low positive hydrological impact or

even negative impact

Responses (5)

From Payment for Environmental Services to Benefit Sharing: Inventory shows that few cases in Andes

meet criteria to be Payment for Environmental Services

Large variety of Benefit Sharing MechanismsStrong resistance to PES in countries like

Ecuador and Bolivia, now almost forbidden by law

Contacts:bert.debievre@condesan.orgmiguel.saravia@condesan.orgwww.condesan.org