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Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
COMP 107 FUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE &
PROGRAMMING
ByD.Balaganesh
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
2
Overview Of Computer
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
Data Hardware Software ResultProcess
Using Given
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
3
Definition of Computer
• A computer is an electronic device.• It can accept data (input), manipulate
(process), and produce information(output).
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
4
General Operations
• Computers can perform four general operations, which comprise the information processing cycle:
1. Input.2. Process.3. Output.4. Storage.
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
5
Data and Information
• All computer processing requires data,• Data is a collection of raw facts, figures and
symbols, such as numbers, words, images, video and sound, given to the computer during the input phase.
• Computers manipulate data to create information.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
6
Cont.
• Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful.
• During the output phase, the information that has been created is put into some form, such as a printed report.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
7
Computer Characteristics
• High speed.• Accuracy.• Reliability.• Mass storage of information. • Communication with other computers
through network like internet.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
8
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
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Primary Components of a computer
• Input devices.• Central Processing Unit.• Memory.• Output devices.• Storage devices.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
10
Input devices
• Mouse.• Keyboard.• Touch pad.• Pointing stick.• Scanner.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
11
CPU (Central Processing Unit )
• Interprets instructions to the computer, performs the logical and arithmetic processing operations, and cause the input and output operations to occur.
• Performs all the calculations within the computer.
• CPU speed measured in MHz.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
12
Memory:
• RAM:Random Access Memory.Temporary memory.Electronic components that store data including
numbers, letters, graphics and sound.Information stored is lost when the computer is
turned off.Measured in Mbytes, i.e 512 Mbytes
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
13
Memory
• ROM:Read Only Memory.Permanent memory.Chip that has start-up directions for your
computer.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
14
Unit of Information
• BytesOne character takes up about one Byte.One byte is equal to eight bits.Bits means binary digit.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
15
Cont.
1 Bit = 0 or 1 8 Bits = 1 Bytes
1024 Bytes = 1 KB1024 KB = 1 MB1024 MB = 1 GB1024 GB = 1 TB
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
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Output Devices
• Computer screen.• Printer.• Speaker.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
17
Storage Devices
• Floppy Disks• Compact Disks (CD)• Hard Disk• Digital versatile Disk (DVD)• Flash Disk
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
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Comparing Types of Memory Storage Devices
• Sometimes storage is a trade off between speed, capacity, price and reliability.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
19
Hardware and Software
• Hardware: The term hardware refers to the physical
components of you computer such as the computer screen, mouse, keyboard etc…
• Software: Computer software is the key to productive
use of computers.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
20
Types of Software
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
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Software
• The computer hardware on its own has no intelligence and therefore must be supplied with instructions to perform any task.
• Software or programs, consist of step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task.
• Software is divided into two main categories: – system software and – application software.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
22
Types of Software
•Operating System Software.•Application Software.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
23
Operating System Software
• It is a program that controls the computer and enables it to run application software.
• It allows the computer to manage its internal resources.
• The software runs the basic computer operations – it tells the hardware what to do, how to do it, and when to do it.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
24
Operating System Software
• Examples of Operating system software:
Windows XP Windows Vista
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
25
Application Software
Consists of programs that tell a computer how to produce information.
Some of the more commonly used packages are:
Word processing. Electronic spreadsheet.
Presentation.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
26
Application Software
• This is software that help the user carry out specific task such as word-processing, spreadsheet, databases and presentation software.
• Application fall under two styles– Tailor-made: software designed for the particular
customer.– Off-the-shelf: for use by the general public
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
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Application Software
• MS Word ( Word Processing ): Word Processing software is used to create and print
documents• Spreadsheet ( MS Excel )Electronic spreadsheet software allows the user to add,
subtract, and perform user-defined calculations on rows and columns of numbers. These numbers can be changed and the spreadsheet quickly recalculates the new results.
Subject Name Code Credit HoursFUNDAMENTAL COMPUTER PRINCIPLE & PROGRAMMING
D.Balaganesh LINCOLN UNIVERSITY COLLGE
28
MS Powerpoint ( Presentation)
• MS Powerpoint allows the user to create documents called slides to be used in making the presentation.
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