Ch 14 sec 3

Progress in Science and Technology

James Maxwell

• Scottish• Regarded as scientific genius• Made contributions to the fields of physics

and astronomy• Albert Einstein built on the foundations laid by

Maxwell

James Maxwell

Louis Pasteur

• French• Made important discoveries that prevented

diseases• Proved that spontaneous generation is a myth

Louis Pasteur

• Pasteurization – heating a liquid to slow the development of disease-causing microbes

Charles Darwin

• His theory assumed a natural explanation for man’s origins

• Believed that all living things came from a single life form

Charles Darwin

TECHNOLOGY

Railroad

• Britain developed the first known railway system in the world

• Transcontinental Railroad was finished in the US in 1869

Steamship

• Steamships replaced sail-driven ships and traveled across the ocean

Internal Combustion Engine

• Produced its power inside the engine• Powered by gasoline or diesel• Europeans developed the first automobiles

Flight

• Wilbur and Orville Wright built the first successful airplane

• First flight was on December 17, 1903

Telegraph

• Send messages over wire lines using a code developed by Samuel Morse.

• Cable was laid across the Atlantic Ocean so could now send messages around the world

Samuel Morse

Telephone

• Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent it.