Cell

Cell : function and description

Cell wall Description

Outer layer.Rigid and strong.Made up of

cellulose.

FunctionsSupport (grow tall)Protection from

harsh environment.Allows H2O,CO2,O2 in

and out of cell through diffusion.

Cell membraneDescription function

Plant-inside cell wallAnimal-outer layer;

cholesterolSelectively permeable.

Support ProtectionControls movement of

materials in /out of cellBarrier between cell and

its environment

NucleusDESCRIPTION FUNCTIONLarge, ovalMay contain one or more

nucleoliHolds DNA

Controls cell activitiesContains the hereditary

material of the cell

Nuclear membraneDescription Functions

Surrounds nucleusDouble membraneSelectively permeable

Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus

CytoplasmDescription Functions

Clear, thick, jellylike material (cytosol)

Organelles found inside cell membrane

Contains the cytoskeleton fibers

Supports and protects cell organelles

Endoplasmicreticulum (ER)(RER)

Description FunctionsNetwork of tubes or

membranesSmooth w/o ribosomesRough with embedded

ribosomesConnects to nuclear

envelope & cell membrane

Carries materials through cell

Aids in making proteins

Endoplasmicreticulum(SER)

Description FunctionsNetwork of tubes or

membranesConnects to nuclear

envelope & cell membrane

Protein and lipid synthesis.

Detoxifying drugs and poison.

RibosomesDescription Function

Small bodies free or attached to RER

Made of RNA & protein

Synthesizes proteins

Mitochondria Description Function

Peanut shaped Double membraneOuter membrane smoothInner membrane folded

into cristaeKnown as Power house

of cell.

Breaks down sugar (glucose) molecules to release energy as ATP(Adenosine Triphorpate)

Site of aerobic cellular respiration

VacuoleDescription Function

Fluid-filled sacsLargest organelle in

plant cells

Store food, water, metabolic & toxic wastes

Store large amounts of food or sugars in plants

LysosomeDescription Function

Small and round with a single membrane

Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules

Digests old cell parts

ChloroplastDescription Function

Green, oval  containing chlorophyll (green pigment)

Double membrane with inner membrane modified into sacs called thylakoids

Stacks of thylakoids called grana & interconnected

Gel like innermost substance called stroma

Uses energy from sun to make food (glucose) for the plant

Process called photosynthesis

Release oxygen

NucleolusDescription Function

Found inside the cell's nucleus

May have more than oneDisappear during cell

division

Make ribosomes

Golgi ApparatusDescription Function

Stacks of flattened sacs Have a cis & trans faceModify proteins made by

the cellsPackage & export

proteins

Made by :- Harsh maheshwari

Class :- Ninth ‘A’

Roll no. :- 9

Subject :- Science