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How could the changes in Europe during the Renaissance lead to changes in Religious belief?
The Reformation
What is the Reformation?
An attempt to reform Christianity
Led to many new forms of Christianity called Protestant
Led to religious division in Western Europe
Early Reformation Leaders
Martin Luther› German Priest› Wrote the 95 Theses
John Wycliffe› Considered first Protestant› Translated Bible into English› Wanted to remove Church
property in England John Huss
› Influenced by Wycliffe’s ideas› Converted many Czechs who
tied Catholicism to their rulers
95 Theses List of theological ideas
created by Martin Luther Meant as an invitation to
debate Went against the idea of
indulgences Copies quickly spread
through Europe› Reached Italy within a year
New Forms of Christianity Lutherans
› Founded by Martin Luther
Anglicans› Church of England
Calvinists› Founded by John Calvin› Predestination
Anabaptists› Adult Baptism
Reaction of the Church Counter-Reformation/
Catholic Reformation Council of Trent
› Declared Need for some reform; no more absent Bishops
Formation of the Jesuits› Influence in Education
Start of the Roman Inquisition
Religious Wars The Peasants War
› Largest Rebellion before the French Revolution
› Poor Germans argued using ideas from Lutheranism
Eighty Years War› Revolt of the
Netherlands from Spain› Converted conquered
areas to Calvinism
Religious Wars Thirty Years War
› Started when the Holy Roman Emperor tried to make the Empire Catholic
› 15% to 30% of German population killed
› Last of the major religious wars in Europe
French Wars of Religion› 1562 to 1598› Conflict between Huguenots
and Catholics› Huguenots were eventually
granted some rights
Why did the Reformation take place?
The Printing Press› Vernacular Bible
Corruption in the Church› Sale of indulgences
Conflict between Kings and the Pope
New Ideas of the Renaissance› Humanism
Writing Assignment
Pretend you are Martin Luther or a Catholic Bishop
Depending on your role write a criticism or defense of selling indulgences
Two paragraphs five to eight sentences each.
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